高等师范院校学生情绪认知调节策略研究

研究采用修订后认知情绪调节问卷（CognitiveEmotionRegulationQuestionnaire,CER．Q）对712名在校师范专业学生进行测验。结果表明：1高师生更倾向于使用内控型积极情绪调节策略（如积极重评、调整计划等）;2高师生只在自我安慰维度存在性别差异,女生使用更多自我安慰;3大一学生使用更多调整计划策略,大二大三学生则使用更多的灾难化与责怪他人策略;4不同专业的高师生在调整计划、积极重评和灾难化等雏度使用上存在显著差异。结论：高师生整体使用较为积极的适应性认知情绪调节策略,但需积极关注个别群体的情绪调节方式和心理健康水平。     

情绪调节：过程、影响因素及其神经机制

认知重评和表达抑制是最常用且最有效的情绪调节策略。情绪调节还可以分为两个方面,即先行关注情绪调节和反应关注情绪调节。当前的研究都聚焦于有意的情绪调节,而自动情绪调节也是一种重要的情绪调节方式。影响情绪调节发展与策略使用的因素包括遗传、性别、年龄和家庭等。认知重评与表达抑制的神经机制存在共享的区域,但两种策略在使用过程中又会激活与抑制不同的大脑区域。     

留守儿童亲子依恋与情绪调节策略的关系研究

为探索农村留守儿童情绪调节策略的发展特点以及母子依恋、父子依恋与情绪调节策略的关系,使用情绪调节问卷和依恋量表,采用随机分层抽样的方法抽取河南省农村和城市的初中生,进行问卷调查。结果显示:农村留守儿童在认知重评因素上不存在性别差异,在表达抑制因素上留守男生得分显著高于女生;城市儿童母亲信任、母亲沟通对父亲疏远和认知重评关系的调节作用显著,农村留守儿童母亲沟通对父亲疏远和认知重评关系的调节作用显著,而母亲信任对二者的调节作用不显著。母子沟通更能帮助农村留守儿童情绪调节的健康发展。     

认知重评对情绪外周影响的研究述评

认知重评策略能够有效调节被试的主观情绪体验、杏仁核等区域皮层活动水平和面部表情的变化等。而在情绪外周变化方面,认知重评对积极情绪的调节效果更为显著;而对负性情绪的调节效果则受到调节目标的影响。杏仁核、腹外侧前额皮层、背外侧前额皮层等区域与外周变化密切相关,但对于这些脑区间的相互作用机制,仍有待进一步考察。     

促进儿童认知重评调节策略的发展——基于Gross情绪调节理论的讨论

Gross的情绪调节理论给儿童情绪发展提供良好的理论依据。通过对Gross情绪调节理论的梳理和分析,提出认知重评策略比表达抑制策略更能够合理地调节情绪,应在儿童时期促进认知重评策略的萌芽。促进儿童合理调节情绪,健康成长。     

情绪调节策略与延迟满足关系的实验研究

为研究情绪调节策略对情绪类型与延迟满足关系影响,采用两种不同情绪类型的视频短片启动大学生产生相应的情绪(积极情绪或消极情绪),比较两种条件下使用认知重评策略与表达抑制策略对紧随其后的延迟满足任务成绩的影响。实验结果表明:积极情绪状态下,认知重评与表达抑制组延迟满足得分差异不显著;消极情绪状态下,认知重评组延迟满足任务得分显著高于表达抑制组。结论:认知重评策略能够有效地改善消极情绪对延迟满足表现的负面影响。     

大学生强迫症状与认知灵活性的关系：情绪调节的中介作用

为了探究大学生强迫症状与认知灵活性的关系及情绪调节(认知重评和表达抑制)在其中的中介作用，研究采用强迫问卷、情绪调节问卷、认知灵活性问卷对687名大学生展开测量.结果表明：(1)大学生强迫症状与认知灵活性及认知重评呈负相关，与表达抑制呈正相关.与认知灵活性与表达抑制呈现负相关，与认知重评呈正相关；(2)认知重评和表达抑制在强迫总分和认知灵活性之间起部分中介作用，相对中介效应占比分别为23.51%和10.07%.结论：大学生强迫症状既可以直接影响认知灵活性，也可以通过情绪调节策略的间接影响发挥作用.     

留守儿童心理弹性与注意稳定性的关系:认知重评的中介作用

为探讨留守儿童心理弹性与注意稳定性的关系,并考察认知重评在其中的中介作用,随机选取75名小学中高年级留守儿童作为研究对象,采用青少年心理弹性量表、儿童青少年版情绪调节问卷和数字划消测验分别对留守儿童的心理弹性、认知重评及注意稳定性三个变量进行测量。结果表明:小学中高年级留守儿童的心理弹性、认知重评、注意稳定性两两之间存在显著的正相关;认知重评在心理弹性和注意稳定性的关系之间起部分中介作用。由此可知,小学中高年级留守儿童的心理弹性和认知重评对注意稳定性具有重要影响,可以通过提升其心理弹性和认知重评策略的使用来实现对留守儿童注意稳定性的促进和干预。     

小学生神经质与抑郁情绪的关系:情绪调节的中介作用

采用小学生情绪调节问卷中文版(ERQ-CC)、艾森克人格量表中文儿童版(EPQ-Ck)和儿童抑郁量表中文版(CDI-C)对1381名小学生进行调查,考察小学生神经质与抑郁情绪的关系,及情绪调节的中介作用.结果发现:(1)小学女生认知重评使用率得分显著高于男生;六年级是小学生表达抑制策略发展的关键期;(2)神经质、表达抑制、抑郁情绪之间存在显著的正相关,认知重评与神经质、抑郁情绪间存在显著的负相关;(3)神经质、认知重评、表达抑制均能显著预测抑郁情绪,认知重评和表达抑制在神经质与抑郁情绪关系间起部分中介作用.本研究对于探索小学生抑郁发生发展机制具有一定的理论意义.     

长距离亲密关系中依恋与情绪调节方式的关系

为了探究长距离亲密关系中依恋与情绪调节方式的基本情况,采用李同归、加藤和生修订的《亲密关系经历量表(ECR)中文版》和Gross编制的《情绪调节方式问卷》对93名正处于长距离恋爱关系的大学生进行了测试。结果:1.不安全型依恋占多数,迷恋型人数最多。2.男女在情绪调节方式中的表达抑制存在显著差异。男性比女性更讷于言辞,在其他维度并无显著差异。3.不同依恋类型在认知重评上存在显著差异。4.依恋回避与表达抑制呈显著正相关,与认知重评显著负相关。     

大学生情绪调节方式的调查与分析

以334名大学生为被试,采用问卷法考察其情绪调节方式的一般模式及其特点。研究发现:(1)大学生采取多种方式调节自身情绪,使用最频繁的调节方式是积极分心,使用最少的方式是暂时解脱;(2)女大学生更倾向于使用发泄或表达情绪、消极分心两种调节方式,男大学生更倾向于使用认知管理、接受与重构、暂时解脱三种调节方式;(3)大学生情绪调节方式的使用不存在明显的年级差异;(4)文科生更倾向于使用发泄或表达情绪的方式,理科生更倾向于使用暂时解脱的方式。     

大学生情绪调控及ERQ的信效度

目的:探讨西安地区大学生情绪调控策略及其Emotion Regu lation Questionnaire(ERQ)的信度和效度问题。方法:采用ERQ问卷,1141名大学生接受了(ERQ)的初测,1059名大学生进行了重测。结果:该问卷具有较高的信度和效度;男女大学生在认知重评策略方面存在显著性差异;不同年级大学生在认知重评策略方面存在显著性差异;不同院校大学生在认知重评和表达抑制方面都存在显著性差异。结论:ERQ量表具有较高的信度、效度,可以用于对大学生情绪及其调控策略的研究。     

大学生自尊与情绪调节的关系研究

研究以大学生为对象,采用了Rosenberg的自尊量表、内隐联想测验和Gross情绪调节问卷对251名大学生进行测试,主要探讨大学生自尊与情绪调节的关系.结果发现:内隐自尊和外显自尊是两个独立的结构;男女大学生在内隐自尊、外显自尊和认知重评上的差异没有统计学意义(P>0.05),但在表达抑制上差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01);内隐自尊与认知重评、表达抑制呈正相关;外显自尊与表达抑制负相关、与认知重评呈正相关;内隐自尊可以正性的预测认知重评和表达抑制,外显自尊可以负性的预测表达抑制,正性的预测认知重评.     

Emotion Regulation Strategies and Parenting Practices among Parents of Children With Clinic-Referred Conduct Problems

Objective. This study examined the cognitive-affective strategies used by parents of young children with conduct problems to regulate emotions. Key questions concerned the extent to which these emotion regulation strategies are associated with positive and negative parenting practices and predict quality of parenting through interplay with parental depression. Design. Participants were families of toddlers (n = 84) referred to a tertiary-level health service for the treatment of disruptive behavior problems. Parenting practices were indexed through observational coding of parent–child interactions and self-report data on multiple dimensions of positive and negative parenting. Parents self-reported their use of cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression—the two emotion regulation strategies that are most robustly associated with psychosocial functioning in adults. Results. Associations between emotion regulation strategy and quality of parenting were moderated by parental depressive symptom severity, with distinct effects seen for positive and negative parenting practices. In terms of positive parenting, more frequent use of cognitive reappraisal was associated with increased use of labeled praise among parents with lower levels of depressive symptoms, whereas parents who had higher levels of depressive symptoms engaged in less such praise regardless of how frequently they used reappraisal. In terms of negative parenting, frequent use of cognitive reappraisal and expression suppression were associated with reduced levels of negative parenting, but only among parents with high levels of depression. Conclusions. These findings add to growing support for the integration of emotion regulation strategies into family process models of early-onset conduct problems and related clinical interventions.     

Parental support and homework emotions in Chinese children: mediating roles of homework self-efficacy and emotion regulation strategies

The goal of this study was to evaluate a complex multiple mediation model linking parental support, homework self-efficacy, emotion regulation strategies (i.e. cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression), and homework emotions among Chinese children. Participants were 832 fourth and fifth grade students attending public primary schools in urban China. Measures of parental support, homework self-efficacy, emotion regulation strategies, and homework emotions were collected using self-report assessments. Results from multiple mediation analyses demonstrated that parental support indirectly predicted homework emotions through its positive associations with homework self-efficacy and cognitive reappraisal strategy. However, homework self-efficacy and expressive suppression strategy did not mediate the relation between parental support and homework emotions. Results are discussed with regard to the roles of homework self-efficacy and emotion regulation strategies in the links between parental support and children’s homework emotions. Educational implications are also considered.     

Childhood maltreatment and perceived stress in young adults: The role of emotion regulation strategies,self-efficacy,and resilience

Childhood maltreatment has many deleterious outcomes; however, trait resilience as well as emotion regulation strategies, including suppression and reappraisal, may mediate between childhood maltreatment and later perceived stress. For this study, 267 college students (183 females and 84 males; M age = 19.77, SD = 2.29) completed self-report measures of parental psychological and physical maltreatment, parental emotion neglect, habitual use of suppression and reappraisal strategies, emotion regulation self-efficacy, trait resilience, and recent perceived stress. Analyses were conducted to investigate gender-specific associations. In females, both suppression and reappraisal mediated the relationship between maternal/paternal emotional neglect and perceived stress, and suppression also mediated the relationship between maternal psychological maltreatment and perceived stress. Trait resilience mediated the relationships of all three types of maternal maltreatment, paternal psychological maltreatment, and paternal emotional neglect with perceived stress in females. There were no significant mediation effects in males. Thus, interventions aiming at reducing perceived stress associated with maternal or paternal emotional neglect or maternal psychological maltreatment in women may benefit from targeting both suppression and reappraisal. Such interventions may also be enhanced by efforts to strengthen trait resilience.     

Exploring the association between teachers’ perceived student misbehaviour and emotional exhaustion: the importance of teacher efficacy beliefs and emotion regulation

The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between teachers’ perceived student misbehaviour and emotional exhaustion, and the role of teacher efficacy beliefs (related to handling student misbehaviour) and emotion regulation in this relationship. Additionally, we examined teacher turnover intentions in relation to emotional exhaustion. Data were collected from 610 elementary, middle‐ and high‐school teachers using an online survey. Results indicate that despite the significant direct effect between the two emotion regulation strategies (cognitive reappraisal, expressive suppression) on emotional exhaustion, both strategies failed to show a mediating effect between perceived student misbehaviour and emotional exhaustion. However, teacher efficacy in handling student misbehaviour was found to mediate the relationship between perceived student misbehaviour and emotional exhaustion. In turn, a significant relationship was found between emotional exhaustion and turnover intentions. Furthermore, teacher perception of student misbehaviour was found to have a considerable indirect effect on teacher turnover intentions. Findings signify the importance of developing strategies that enhance teachers’ situation‐specific efficacy beliefs.