电子文档应用中的突出问题及对策

电子文档带来了文档管理、存储的革命,电子文档的真实性和完整性是电子文档价值的重要保障,电子文档的安全性直接影响到电子文档的推广和使用,电子文档的有效迁移是电子文档能够长期保存和使用的基础。     

对电子文件实行档案化管理的思考

随着信息技术的不断发展,越来越多的社会活动和科学生产活动的记录将产生在电子工作环境中,人们进行交流的方式也将从纸质走向电子媒体,多数文件将以电子形式存在。所谓电子文件是指人们在社会活动中形成的,以计算机盘片、磁盘和光盘等化学磁性材料为载体的文字材料。它主要包括电子文书、电子信件、电子报表、电子图纸等等。从电子文件形成的过程和特点看,电子文件仍像普通文件一样具有形成阶段、管理阶段、处置阶段。     

浅谈电子档案信息安全管理

电子档案是由数字电子计算机处理的档案。一般而言,电子档案是由电子文件转化而来的,只有具有归档保存、备查、凭证作用的这一部分电子文件,才构成电子档案。目前电子文件所采用的介质主要有磁盘、磁带和光盘。电子dangan归档主要用磁带和光盘。电子档案是将实体档案信息以字节、比特方式表示并使之在电脑网络上流动,只有引入正确的软件、硬件与足够的背景细节。     

电子书包系统的安全策略探讨

随着互联网和智能移动终端的发展,电子书包的安全问题日益突显。在分析电子书包现存主要安全问题的基础上,文章设计了电子书包系统安全架构,并从设备、应用、内容、网络和传输等多角度探讨了电子书包系统的安全策略,并建议生产厂商和电子书包相关产业能从各方面完善电子书包的安全技术规范。     

如何引导学生利用计算机软件阅读和处理电子文献资料

正充分利用电子文献可以提高我们的工作和学习效率。日常使用过程中,最常用到的电子文献类型为电子图书、电子期刊以及网络数据。通常我们阅读电子文献的媒介为计算机和其他一些电子终端设备,而运行在以上这些电子终端的相关软件发挥了重要的作用。一、利用计算机软件阅读电子文献     

电子课本的术语、特性和功能分析

随着电子课本与电子书包项目的示范应用深入推进,市场上出现了越来越多且形式各异的电子课本。电子课本国家标准正在制定过程中,相关标准草案界定了电子课本,但其属性与"电子书"和传统的"教科书"的特性存在交叉与融合。文章从"电子书"和"教科书"的角度出发,对电子课本的概念、属性、特性和功能进行系统剖析,利用概念地图工具、Wiki百科共建知识的方法,明确电子课本的术语概念,将电子课本的特性与属性区分开来,并进行对应分析,以更好地揭示电子课本的内涵,完善电子课本相关标准草案,推进电子课本的应用。     

基于邮件解析的区块链电子票夹系统

电子发票和财政电子票据（电子票）在人们日常生活中无处不在,然而当前电子票对用户而言仍然存在着管理困难、归集过程复杂、易重复查验、难以控制等问题。提出基于邮件解析的区块链电子票夹系统,主要服务于报销者与财务人员。目前电子票普遍支持邮箱接收,而一般邮箱不具备电子票信息解析功能,难以进行查阅管理。因此,自主研发一套邮箱服务系统,专门接收含电子票文件或链接的邮件,并能将电子票关键信息准确解析出来,发送至电子票夹应用平台。电子票夹应用平台支持Web网页与小程序的可视化显示,方便用户查看与管理电子票,同时支持一站式报销和入账。电子票每一次状态变更都会同步记录到区块链上,以保证电子票信息的完整性、唯一性与可追溯性。     

电子书包标准与应用对接“人人通”

1电子书包应用成为教育信息化新亮点 如今,国外电子书包应用蓬勃发展,美国、英国、德国、法国、日本、韩国、新加坡、马来西亚、土耳其、葡萄牙、卢森堡等多个国家纷纷试点和推进电子课本和电子书包项目的应用。在我国,各地学校,特别是经济发达地区学校都积极应用电子书包,我们把电子书包看做是教育信息化新一轮建设的亮点。     

华中科技大学图书馆电子资源利用的调查及其启示

本文根据华中科技大学图书馆最近所做的电子资源利用问卷调查,从用户利用电子资源的意识、程度、电子资源的利用培训以及用户需要的电子资源服务四个方面进行了分析,并且对电子资源投入和产出进行了分析,提出了针对用户特点提供电子资源服务和改善利用电子资源的使用环境的启示。     

提高短学期电子实践教学效果和质量的思考

本文结合南京大学电子科学与工程系短学期（暑期）电子实践教学的实际,浅析了电子实践在高等教育教学体系中的重要性、电子科学与工程系的电子实践课的现状、存在的个别问题和问题存在的主要原因,针对问题提出了一些改进思路和设想,以期提高电子实践的质量和效果。     

职场英语习题反馈

职场新人Simmy从刚入职时的窘态百出．到后来的应对自如,可以想象他付出了多少汗水。下面是Simmy根据自己的实践总结出的部分职场英语习题,拿出来跟大家分享。     

冒用他人信用卡在ATM上取款行为的性质探析

目前,学界对于冒用他人信用卡在ATM（自动取款机）上取款行为的性质认定主要存在两种观点,一种观点认为此行为属于盗窃性质,应当以盗窃罪定罪;另一种观点认为此行为属于诈骗性质,应当认定为信用卡诈骗罪。本文通过对银行客户服务终端和用户密码法律地位的分析,认为应当将ATM视为银行的电子代理人,冒用他人信用卡在ATM上取款的行为应当认定为信用卡诈骗罪。     

关于加强图书馆服务质量的几点设想

该文阐述了高校图书馆如何加强人文关怀,提升服务品质的意义。并提出了提高员工素质、设置还书箱实施电子一卡通、加强细节服务的措施和建议,以求达到提升图书馆服务品质的目的。     

基于个性化教学的学习卡片开发与利用

个性化教学中教学资源的开发由潜在的、间接的状态转变为直接与间接相结合、显在与潜在相结合,可以为学生的学习和行动提供直接的支撑作用。开发和利用学习卡片,是教师在实施个性化教学中的基本任务之一。为了更好地完成此项任务,笔者具体介绍导学卡片、学习任务卡片、资料卡片以及评价卡片的开发与利用等问题。     

How much is it going to cost me to complete a collection of football trading cards?

Trading cards for various sports and a range of other subjects such as architecture, animals, hobbies, and war have been in existence since the late nineteenth century and still enjoy great popularity. Two of the most prominent examples are baseball cards in the U.S. and football cards in Europe. Three strategies for collecting European football trading cards were investigated for two different groups: either a single collector or two collectors joining forces. An activity is proposed in which students use a simulation to compute the factor by which the number of trading cards bought exceeds the number to be collected. This enables them to estimate the expected costs of completing a collection of trading cards. The overall expected costs vary considerably, depending on the strategy used. Savings for a team of two collectors as opposed to a single collector are indicated.     

Reaction Cards as a Formative Evaluation Tool: Students' perceptions of how their use impacted classes

This article explores students' perceptions of how their input on 'reaction cards' affected their classes. Reaction cards - index cards upon which each student writes remarks related to each day's class activities - were used in 10 classes across seven disciplines as a means of formative evaluation. Open-ended survey questions about the reaction cards were completed anonymously by 195 students at mid-term and by 184 students at the end of the semester. Faculty also reported on how they used the cards and their perceptions of how the cards impacted their classes. At mid-semester, students indicated that the cards had a positive impact on their classes. The cards improved communication, increased students' involvement in the course, and improved their connection to the material. At the end of the semester there were some negative comments related to the tedium of filling out the cards in each class. Reaction cards can provide a simple but powerful tool for gathering data that can be used to modify and improve courses as they progress.     

The learning credit card: A tool for managing personal development*

This is the report of a five month study, undertaken by Sundridge Park Training Technologies in association with Guildford Educational Services to assess the potential of smart card technology to support learning and the management of learning. The study had two strands—the state of the art of the technology and its potential for supporting, delivering and managing learning. In addition to a study of the literature and extensive discussions with people using smart cards, potential users of smart card and visionaries, the project team developed two illustrative systems using cards to store personal data relating to education and training. The term ‘smart card’ is often used loosely to describe three different types of card, each of which is similar in general shape and size to a traditional credit card. These are: memory cards, laser cards—and true smart cards incorporating a processor and memory. This study has been concerned with memory cards and smart cards. The focus for smart card applications has been predominantly financial: there are relatively few applications in education or training. A notable exception is the large scale project at the University of Bologna which uses smart cards to manage the progress and achievements of a large number of students in the Department of Electronics. The two illustrative systems provided valuable experience of using memory cards and smart cards in quasi‐real education and training applications. They highlighted the problems of limited memory capacities and confirmed the high level of user acceptance reported by other trials. We can expect considerable advances in the technology of both memory cards and smart cards over the next months and years. The memory capacities of both types of cards will increase many‐fold and the unit costs will fall as large quantities of cards are produced for financial applications. Education and training applications will benefit from this expanding market. The major surprise from the study was the level of interest in the work and the enthusiasm expressed by almost all of those who came to hear of it. The general level of awareness of smart card technology was found to be low. However, the requirement for a system which will enable individuals to manage and own their learning on an extended timescale was generally recognised. Some of the possible applications for smart cards and memory cards in education and training had emerged before the official start of the study and it is clear that the technology is potentially pervasive. The project team and those consulted identified a wide range of possible applications both in education and in training. These focussed on assessment, personal course planning and management, identification of relevant learning opportunities, and the ownership of learning. It was felt that, over the next few years, smart cards are very likely to be in common use as credit cards for financial applications. Therefore, their use for education and training should be planned now. The recommendations from the study are that: More detailed studies are needed to find out how smart cards and memory cards could be used by different organisations in a fully operational system; Standards should be established for smart card applications in education and training, similar to those governing financial applications; Applications should be developed after the standards have been established. To be convincing, these should take a case study approach with small pilot studies in a variety of contexts and must follow real needs rather than attempt to drive them; The case studies would then form the basis for a campaign to increase awareness of smart cards and their potential for education and training, together with a programme for building an infrastructure to support the proposed systems. The public sector should fund the task of developing standards and providing interfaces with existing educational systems and projects to demonstrate the feasibility of various applications. Since educational standards have a European dimension, the European Community may be a source of support for work in the area of standards. At the same time, private sector funding should be sought for skill development and career development systems in industry and in education. The Training Agency itself should consider the application of smart card technology to the control and management of the Youth Training Scheme (YTS).     

Prescribed active learning increases performance in introductory biology

We tested five course designs that varied in the structure of daily and weekly active-learning exercises in an attempt to lower the traditionally high failure rate in a gateway course for biology majors. Students were given daily multiple-choice questions and answered with electronic response devices (clickers) or cards. Card responses were ungraded; clicker responses were graded for right/wrong answers or participation. Weekly practice exams were done as an individual or as part of a study group. Compared with previous versions of the same course taught by the same instructor, students in the new course designs performed better: There were significantly lower failure rates, higher total exam points, and higher scores on an identical midterm. Attendance was higher in the clicker versus cards section; attendance and course grade were positively correlated. Students did better on clicker questions if they were graded for right/wrong answers versus participation, although this improvement did not translate into increased scores on exams. In this course, achievement increases when students get regular practice via prescribed (graded) active-learning exercises.     

西部民间博戏“牛九”与易数

牛九牌是目前仍流行于西部城乡的一种古老的民间博戏用牌,其牌叶数、牌面颜色及点数印制、玩家人数、组牌出牌无不与易数有关,探求蕴含于其中的象,对进一步研究和留存此类古老博戏具有一定的意义。     

老牌大报应保证高品质:沪上两报长期研读之思量

电子媒体时代,老牌大报的地位及影响力受到挤压、冲击,但它的信度与作用力犹存,传播文化和文化建设与发展都不能轻视、低估了它。大报,是文化符号,它要做好、必须坚持文化品位;大报的科普必须准确、科学。质量,是大报的形象与名片,大报不能忽略细腻、准确的价值,当注意保证、彰显自己的高品质。