凤阳县波尔山羊冷配低受胎率的调查与分析

本文对凤阳县1999年11月～2003年2月期间12个基层冷配点配种资料进行了调查，结果表明：接受波尔山羊冻精颗粒冷配的本地山羊情期受胎率仅有32．4％(1495／4608头)，与此相比，波尔山羊本交受胎率为85％(875／1029头)。分析了导致波尔山羊冻精配种受胎率低下技术方面的原因。     

不同稀释液对波尔山羊精液冷冻效果的比较

本实验采集4头波尔山羊种公羊精液,比较4种精液冷冻保存稀释液配方[A葡萄糖-柠檬酸钠-乙二胺四乙酸;B乳糖-葡萄糖-柠檬酸钠;C葡萄糖-柠檬酸钠-三羟甲基氨基甲烷;D蔗糖-葡萄糖-柠檬酸-谷氨酸-三羟甲基氨基甲烷]并进行细管和颗粒不同冻精制作,测定解冻后精子活率、畸形率、顶体完整率.结果表明,D稀释液解冻后的精子活率平均为40.50%,顶体完整率50.25%,优于A和B液,呈显著或极显著差异(P<0.05,P<0.01),而C稀释液解冻后的精子活率平均为38.5%,顶体完整率48.48%,优于A和B(P<0.05);细管冻精效果优于颗粒冻精(P<0.05).结论:最佳处理方式为利用D稀释液配方进行细管冻精.     

波尔山羊与黄淮白山羊杂交改良效果初报

本文对蒙城县引进波尔山羊与当地黄淮白山羊的杂交改良效果进行了调查。结果表明 :波杂一代的初生重及 2月龄体重均显著高于黄淮白山羊 ;日增重为 190～ 197克 ,而白山羊只有98.6～ 112 .4克。波杂山羊具有较高的屠宰率 (48.3～ 5 6 .2 % )和净肉率 (48% )。波杂山羊的产羔率为 2 2 0 % ,略低于白山羊 (2 2 6 .9% )。     

波尔山羊及其杂交改良后代体重变异研究

利用SPSS10．0统计分析软件，对秦皇岛市波尔山羊繁育改良研究中心1998－2001年育种记录的体重资料进行了统计分析。结果表明，波尔山羊及其与唐山奶山羊的级进杂交后代之间各年龄阶段的体重均存在显著差异；提高了本地山羊的生产性能；级进杂交在二三代即可进行横交固定试验；90－120日龄的级进杂交二代山羊生长发育速度接近于纯种波尔山羊。     

波尔山羊批量胚胎移植的研究

为了研究波尔山羊在华南地区的胚胎移植表现,促进福建省波尔山羊产业化发展,本试验对149只波尔山羊分别于2002年11月和4月进行超排处理,经过人工受精及自然交配而妊娠,并把获得的胚胎移植给奶山羊和福清山羊两种受体。统计分析结果表明,波尔山羊供体冬季平均采胚数和平均可用胚胎数比春季略高,其中青年羊冬季和春季获得的可用胚胎数之间差异不显著(P>0.05),而经产羊两个季节获得的可用胚胎数之间差异显著(P<0.05)。经产羊超排后平均获得胚胎数和平均可用胚胎数均极显著高于青年羊(P<0.01)。移植后奶山羊受体平均产羔率极显著高于福清山羊受体产羔率(1.579只,1.3只;P<0.01)。     

不同年龄组波尔山羊血清FSH、LH及BDNF水平比较研究

为了探讨波尔山羊母羊血清中内源性FSH、LH及BDNF水平年龄差异性水平及相关性,以及对波尔山羊繁殖功能衰老的调控机制,本文采集不同年龄段波尔山羊母羊血清,酶联免疫吸附法测定各年龄组(初情组、成年组、老年组)母羊血清FSH、LH及BDNF含量水平.结果表明,初情组、青年组及老年组波尔山羊母羊FSH、LH及BDNF含量初情组、老年组血清LH水平无显著差异(P>0.05),且两组均大于成年组(P<0.01).初情组、成年组血清BDNF水平无显著差异(P>0.05),且两组均大于老年组,差异均达极显著差异(P<0.01).各年龄组合并LH水平极显著高于FSH水平(P<0.01),且FSH、LH及BDNF之间存在显著相关性(P<0.01).由此推论,波尔山羊内源性FSH及LH可能影响波尔山羊母羊繁殖力衰退,且BDNF分泌能力的下降可能导致对内源性FSH及LH的调节功能弱化是波尔山羊繁殖力下降的重要因素之一.     

波尔山羊巴氏杆菌病的诊治

豫北某种羊场首次引进的波尔山羊发生呼吸困难、气喘、打喷嚏、流鼻液,部分病羊(约占发病羊的1/2)腹泻、便血,部分病羊(3只)尿血.实验室通过对病原体的分离鉴定确诊为巴氏杆菌病.确诊后一方面对发病羊所在场所立即用百毒杀进行消毒,另一方面用庆大霉素及复方新诺明对发病羊进行治疗,同时用自家菌灭活苗进行全群预防,很快控制了疫情.     

波尔山羊在冀东地区适应性研究

对从南非引入冀东地区的波尔山羊的部分生理指标、繁殖性能、生长发育和抗逆性等综合性能进行了测定和观察。结果表明，尽管引入地与原产地生态条件差异较大，但引入后波尔山羊各项指标基本正常，总适应能力评分为82.92分，表明波尔山羊对冀东地区的生态条件有较强的适应性。     

波尔山羊与黄淮白山羊杂交改良效果初报

本文对蒙城县引进波尔山羊与当地黄淮白山羊的杂交改良效果进行了调查。结果表明：波杂一代的初生重及2月龄体重均显著高于黄淮白山羊；日增重为190－197克，而白山羊只有98.6-112.4克，波杂山羊具有较高的屠宰率（48.3-56.2%）和净肉庇（48％）。波杂山羊的产羔率为220％，略低于白山羊（226.9%）。     

襄樊市波尔山羊推广现状、问题及建议

介绍了襄樊市波尔山羊推广的现状，分析了目前存在的一些问题，并提出了一系列合理化建议。     

提高金华奶牛受胎率的方法研究

加强饲养管理，做好发情鉴定工作，提高输精员技术水平，改变发情=输精的观念，重视卵巢机能性疾病和子宫内膜炎的治疗，正确解冻冻精，合理保存解冻后冻精是提高金华奶牛受胎率的关键。     

Effect of resveratrol treatment on apoptosis and apoptotic pathways during boar semen freezing

Resveratrol (3,5,4'-trihydroxystilbene, RSV) has been widely used in mammalian cells, but whether it can be used during freezing boar semen is still unknown. The effects of RSV treatment during boar semen freezing on its anti-freezing ability, apoptosis, and possible apoptotic pathways were observed in this study. Sperm motility, mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm), adenosine triphosphate (ATP) content, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL)-positive apoptotic state, and messenger RNA (mRNA) expression levels of apoptotic genes involved in different apoptotic pathways after freezing with or without RSV treatment were tested. The results showed that: (1) Compared with fresh sperm, the motility, normal acrosome rate, and plasma membrane integrity rate of frozen boar sperm decreased significantly (P<0.05), and RSV did not significantly increase the sperm motility (0.44 vs. 0.40, P>0.05), but it did significantly improve the normal acrosome rate (57.65% vs. 47.00%, P<0.05) and plasma membrane integrity rate (46.67% vs. 38.85%, P<0.05). (2) After freezing, most boar sperm showed low mitochondrial ΔΨm. RSV treatment could increase the rate of high mitochondrial ΔΨm of boar sperm. (3) RSV treatment significantly decreased reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels (58.65% vs. 88.41%, P<0.05) and increased the ATP content (0.49 μmol/L vs. 0.25 μmol/L, P<0.05) of boar sperm during freezing. (4) The apoptotic rate of the freezing group (80.41%) with TUNEL detection increased significantly compared to the fresh group (9.70%, P<0.05), and RSV treatment greatly decreased the apoptotic rate (68.32%, P<0.05). (5) Real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) showed that not only the genes from the death receptor-mediated apoptotic pathway (tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), Fas ligand (FasL), and Caspase-8), but also the genes from the mitochondria-mediated apoptotic pathway (manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax), and Caspase-9) were both significantly changed after freezing. RSV treatment during freezing greatly changed their expression levels. Although RSV treatment during boar semen freezing did not significantly increase motility after thawing, it still played an efficient antioxidant role, which could enhance the mitochondrial function and decrease the apoptotic level induced by both the death receptor- and mitochondria-mediated apoptotic pathways.

     

影响夫精宫腔内人工授精成功率的相关因素分析

通过分析影响人工授精的各种因素寻求提高临床妊娠率的方法.方法:对行IUI治疗的不孕症夫妇148例共242个周期,分析患者的年龄、促排卵方案、HCG注射日子宫内膜厚度及类型、每周期内IUI次数、IUI周期数、处理后前向运动精子总数对IUI妊娠率的影响.结果:女方年龄、助孕周期数、HCG注射日子宫内膜厚度及类型、精液处理后的前向运动精子总数与IUI妊娠率有关.结论:女方年龄、助孕周期数、HCG注射日子宫内膜厚度及类型、精液处理后的前向运动精子总数影响IUI妊娠率,一周期内双次IUI、促排卵药物使用无法提高IUI妊娠率.     

新生殖技术的法律问题--人工受精中的财产继承纠纷及赡养问题之初探

20世纪以来，现代生殖技术的问世和应用极大冲击了人类传统的自然生殖方式和相关的社会观念和法律制度。作为新生殖技术之一的人工受精技术一出现，便对传统亲子观念提出了挑战和冲击。人工受精可分为同质人工受精(AIH)、异质人工受精(AID)、混合型人工受精(AIHD)三种类型。由于三者所涉及的法律问题迥然不同，文章针对不同情况将重点讨论人工受精中的财产继承问题和赡养问题。     

间性山羊的研究进展

间性山羊的出现给畜牧业生产带来了极大地危害,作者从间性山羊的解剖学、组织学、细胞遗传学、免疫遗传学及分子遗传学水平作了详尽的论述,对决定山羊间性的PIS区域及对其如何鉴定、预防进行了阐述.     

Should few retrieved oocytes be as an indication for intracytoplasmic sperm injection?

Objective

To reevaluate whether relatively few oocytes obtained in one cycle are an indication for intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI).

Methods

A total of 406 cycles with three or fewer retrieved oocytes performed in 396 non-male infertile couples were retrospectively reviewed. Cycles were classified into three groups by different fertilization techniques: the in vitro fertilization (IVF) group, insemination with conventional IVF; the ICSI group, insemination with ICSI though semen parameters were normal; and the rescue ICSI group, re-insemination with ICSI after conventional IVF failure.

Results

The ICSI group resulted in higher normal fertilization compared with the conventional IVF group. Correspondingly, the cycle cancellation rate was decreased in the ICSI group, though it was not statistically significant. The clinical pregnancy rate and implantation rate were lower in the ICSI group compared with the conventional IVF group. Rescue ICSI was a method to avert total fertilization failure in conventional IVF, increasing fertilization and ensuring embryo availability for transfer, but the normal fertilization was the lowest due to delayed insemination and the chance of pregnancy was very little.

Conclusions

Obtaining only few oocytes in one cycle is not considered as an indication for ICSI when the sperm sample is apparently normal. Rescue ICSI is either not recommended if conventional insemination fails. Such patients should not be subjected to the unnecessary costs and potential risks of ICSI.     

钴添加量对山羊体内VB12含量的影响

本试验选用三只成年山羊,通过试喂不同钴量的日粮,观察其对山羊体内VB12含量的影响。结果表明:随着日粮中钴量的增加,VB12也随之上升,且差异极其显著(P<0.01),从而证实了山羊体内VB12含量与日粮中钴的依赖关系。     

不同外边界条件下冻结黏土冻胀力试验研究

在自行研制的一套温度、压力、位移、水分均可控的人工冻土多功能冻胀试验系统上,开展了不同外载荷,单、双向冻结模式,预留一定冻胀量等不同外边界条件下黏土冻胀力试验。得出外荷载对冻胀力发展有明显抑制作用,冻胀力变化曲线由上凸型逐渐向下凹型过渡;冻结模式对冻胀力影响很大,双向冻结模式条件下使冻胀力增长明显,但增幅随冷源温度降低呈二次曲线衰减;同一试样的冻胀力与冻胀量可用二次抛物线来拟合。试验获得了更接近工程现场实际冻结工况下黏土冻胀特性,为多排管冻结设计提供参考。