Disrupting a learning environment for promotion of geometry teaching

Creating a classroom learning environment that is suitably designed for promotion of learners’ performance in geometry, a branch of mathematics that addresses spatial sense and geometric reasoning, is a daunting task. This article focuses on how grade 8 teachers’ action learning changed the learning environment for the promotion of geometry teaching. This was an exploratory study in which a sample of 13 grade 8 mathematics teachers from the rural schools of a district in the Eastern Cape Province in South Africa participated in a project aimed at creating mathematical learning environments through action learning while supporting and promoting the teaching of geometry. The study was qualitative and data was collected using questionnaires, classroom observations and semi-structured interviews with the teachers on a participatory action research conducted in two cycles. Results indicated that 92% of teachers changed their classroom environments by modifying instructional strategies, learner -interactions, and engagements, but could not change how they managed the classrooms due to some factors related to power dynamics andthe education policy. It is recommended that teachers be workshopped on modifying their classroom learning environments while they undergo learning in action on the promotion of teaching and learning geometry in their school defining contexts.     

初中生理科课程学习动机与学习策略的调查研究

采用问卷调查形式,研究了初中生学习理科课程的学习动机与学习策略的发展情况.经过标准比数据处理,结果发现初中生在理科课程学习中内、外动机是相互促进的,二者对学习策略的影响都很显著.学习理科课程时监控策略运用最多,而精加工策略运用水平不高,这可能与传统的教学方式有关.     

"五化"历史学习动机--也谈中学历史教学中学习兴趣的激发

由于各种客观和主观因素的影响，中学历史教学中普遍存在一个不容忽视的问题：历史教学易陷入教条化、枯燥化的境地；学生对于历史学习目的、意义认识不清，兴趣不高，主动性不强。针对此类现象，笔者试图结合教学实践来阐述如何提高学生学习历史的兴趣，供广大基层的中学历史教师参考。     

中美初中几何教材"相似"内容的比较

范希尔理论较好地刻画了学生的几何思维水平,以该理论为依据比较美国《发现几何》和我国新教材《数学?初中二年级(八年级)(下)》中“相似形”一章,部分地揭示了中美几何内容的思维水平.两国都注重以直观几何为学习起点,但美国所包含的内容更广、更深,其主要的策略是构筑较为系统的问题情境,使学生的学习总处于由问题组织而成的情境脉络之中.我国教材注重通过正、反例进行辨析,以达到巩固中求发展的目的;也有通过问题提升学生思维水平的努力,但因缺乏相应的情境而显得突兀.     

What difference does it make? Children's views of the differences between some quadrilaterals

This paper describes an attempt to explore aspects of the language used in children's written work in a secondary mathematics classroom as a means of assessing their mathematical understanding. It focuses on children's conceptualisations of polygons and their attempts to differentiate between them. It also examines the use of database and concordancing software in deepening our understanding of a potentially major source of students' (mis) conceptions: the published materials they engage with. It describes their usefulness in providing a systematic and efficient method of analysis of materials to explore patterns within them. The method is also used to identify possible sources of students' misconceptions about the properties of polygons based on their likely exposure to potentially misleading examples in published materials. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

个体差异中的动机因素对二语习得的影响

个体差异是客观存在的个体因素,个体差异因素中包括认知风格、个体智商、学习动机、学习风格和学习策略等等个体差异因素,其中最主要的还是学习动机。而这一因素在很大程度上影响着第二语学得,对英语的教学也起着至关重要的作用。该文主要论述的是国内外对动机类型,动机对第二外语习得影响的研究以及激励学习动机的策略。     

浅议福建省高中体育教师教学动机调查研究

采用文献资料法、问卷调查法、数理统计法等研究方法,对福建省9地市191个高中体育教师进行问卷调查,结果表明:福建省高中体育教师教学动机由高到低依次是志愿动机、成就动机、情趣动机、安稳动机,不同性别、不同年龄高中体育教师教学动机不存在显著性差异,不同职称高中体育教师志愿动机存在显著性差异,参加不同级别培训的体育教师之间在情趣动机上存在高度显著性差异。     

高中生生物学习动机与成绩的关系研究

通过调查高中生生物学习动机的现状,将其与学生的生物成绩作相关性分析,得出二者相关系数为R=0.228,同时发现此系数在不同成绩段的学生之间具有差异性;学生的内部学习动机对成绩的影响起主要作用,最后根据调查结果提出三条建议来培养与激发学生的生物学学习动机。     

五年制师范生历史学习动机现状及激发的策略研究

历史学科是五年制师范的基础学科,在调查中发现目前五年制师范生历史学习动机匮乏,存在着诸多的阻碍因素。调查的基础上本文结合学习动机的相关理论和教学实践,从教师基本素质的提升、学生内驱力的激发、外部驱动力的创造等方面提出激发和维持学生良好历史学习动机的策略,以提高实际的历史学习效果。     

The interplay between students' motivational profiles and science learning

Students' motivation plays an important role in successful science learning. However, motivation is a complex construct. Theories of motivation suggests that students' motivation must be conceptualized as a motivational system with numerous components that interact in complex ways and influence metacognitive processes such as self-evaluation. This complexity is further increased because students' motivation and success in science learning influence each other as they develop over time. It is challenging to study the co-development of motivation and learning due to these complex interactions which can vary widely across individuals. Recently, person-centered approaches that capture students' motivational profiles, that is, the multiplicity of motivational factors as they co-occur in students, have been successfully used in educational psychology to better understand the complex interplay between the co-development of students' motivation and learning. We employed a person-centered approach to study how the motivational profiles, constructed from goal-orientation, self-efficacy, and engagement data of N = 401 middle school students developed over the course of a 10-week energy unit and how that development was related to students' learning. We identified four characteristic motivational profiles with varying temporal stability and found that students' learning over the course of the unit was best characterized by considering the type of students' motivational profiles and the transitions that occurred between them. We discuss implications for the design and implementation of interventions and future research into the complex interplay between motivation and learning.     

Individual differences in an English learning achievement system: gaming flow experience,gender differences and learning motivation

Despite the growing interest in digital game-based learning (DGBL), there has been a lack of attention paid to the effects of individual differences, such as gaming flow experience and gender differences, in a reward-based achievement system. To this end, this study developed an achievement system with a reward mechanism to facilitate English learning. This study investigated how individuals’ gaming flow experience levels affected their levels of learning motivation, and whether any gender differences existed in gaming flow experience and learning motivation while engaging in the achievement system. The results showed that gaming flow experience significantly predicted learning motivation, whereby the students with high gaming flow experience were six times more likely to have high learning motivation than those with low gaming flow experience. Subsequent analysis showed that the female students had significantly higher gaming flow than the male students, but the male and female students showed similar learning motivation. Furthermore, the results indicated that the male students achieved more interactive rewards than the female students, but no significant differences were found in the male and female students’ achievement of other types of rewards. Based on these findings, the authors contribute to the literature by developing a framework which can be applied to support designers to accommodate individual differences in DGBL.     

Primary and secondary students’ motivation in learning English: Grade and gender differences

Student motivation may have significant influences on essential academic outcomes. However, students’ motivation may decline as they grow older. This study examined six motivation constructs (self-efficacy, interest, mastery goal orientation, engagement, avoidance coping, and effort withdrawal) of students from 78 schools in Singapore (N = 4214) in learning English. Using a large and diverse sample of primary 5 (5th grade) and secondary 3 (9th grade) students, grade and gender differences in these constructs were examined. Applying a MIMIC approach to structural equation modeling, the paths from grade and gender as well as the grade × gender interaction variable were found to be significant. That is, (a) the scores for self-efficacy, interest, mastery goal orientation, and engagement tended to be lower whereas avoidance coping and effort withdrawal tended to be higher for the secondary students, (b) boys tended to have lower scores; and (c) the gap in motivation between primary and secondary tended to be greater for girls. Since motivation may have important influences on subsequent learning outcomes, we need to seriously consider the implications of these grade- and gender-related patterns and pay attention particularly to boys in primary schools and girls in secondary schools.     

普通中学男女生立体几何学习差异的研究

以荷兰学者VanHiele关于几何学习必须经过三个阶段的理论为基础,调查了普通中学男女生学习立体几何的情况．结果表明：在VanHiele理论的第一阶段,男女生之间不存在明显的差异,但在第二、第三阶段则存在较为明显的差异．并对产生差异的原因进行了分析．     

新课程改革背景下中学教师激励机制的构建

新课程改革的实施给中学教师带来了种种矛盾和冲突,可以从四个方面构建中学教师激励机制,即深化分配制度改革,建立柔性的薪酬制度;坚持物质激励和精神激励相结合的原则;建立科学合理的绩效考评体系;创建公平民主的环境。     

浅谈大学生学习动机问题及其调适

学习动机问题是大学生经常遇到的学习心理问题之一。本文对学习动机问题的类型进行了总结,然后分别对学习动机不足和学习动机过强的原因进行了分析,浅析大学生学习动机问题及其调试,并提出了相应的调适策略。     

Dornyei二语学习动机框架在军校学员英语学习中的运用

Dornyei动机三层次模式是继Gardener和Lambert社会心理模式后的最有影响的第二语言习得的动机学习理论模式。本文拟从介绍Dornyei的动机框架着手,分析其三层面动机因素在军校大学英语学习中的运用,以及对教学改革中的启发。     

学习动机在翻译教学中的作用

学习动机是指引起学生学习活动,维持学习活动,并促使该学习活动趋向教师所设定目标的内在心理历程。在翻译教学中恰当的运用学习动机理论可以使得枯燥的翻译课程生动有趣,可以调动学生学习的主动性。     

浅谈高中数学新课程教学中的理解学习

新课程改革对于其高中数学提出了全新要求,将其教学的侧重点从知识内容上的传授转向了学生综合能力上的培养,而理解力作为学生学习能力上的重要组成部分,必然成为了目前新课程教学下数学教学中的重点内容。因此在新课程教学模式下,实现理解学习具有十分重要的现实意义。     

美国几何教学改革的启示

本文评介美国学校几何教学改革的指导思想 ,论述美国数学教学的一些特色 ,与当前我国数学教学相比较 ,为我国中小学数学课程与教学提供参考