江苏省大众创新创业政策评估

"大众创业、万众创新"成为我国经济发展新引擎。开展江苏省大众创新创业第三方政策评估研究,对现有国内外研究现状进行综述。基于社会网络分析方法,使用Netdraw工具绘制江苏省"双创"政策图谱,发现江苏省在创业扶持、企业技术创新方面政策措施较多,而在促进科技成果转化等方面政策文件较少。通过收集江苏省2014年和2015年有关创新创业指标值开展政策实施效果定量分析,发现江苏省在激发就业活力、市场活力和创新活力方面取得了一定的成效,但在市场化机制、创业投融资机制等方面还存在不足。最后提出江苏省"双创"对策建议。     

基于“大众创业,万众创新”背景下创新创业人才政策的研究*

当前正处“大众创业,万众创新”的背景时代,自2013年末至今国务院政府的工作之重便是“积极稳妥推进人才管理配套改革,建立激励大众创新创业的机制”。由此,研究首先依据国务院的各类会议、活动及相关“大众创新创业”的改革发文,展开内容分析,整理出中央对地方制定和优化“大众创新创业人才政策”总的体系性导向。其次,选取天津、武汉、苏州及深圳四座城市现行的创新创业人才政策作为地方政策的样本,从政策发布时间、适用对象、内容环节及行政体裁等角度展开现状描述分析。最后,依照上述研究对地方政府在创新创业人才政策上的改革提出建议,以希作为参考。     

普通农业院校学生创业意识问卷调查及影响分析

随着“互联网+”的迅速兴起,“大众创新,万众创新”理念的提出,全国大学生都积极地投入“双创”的浪潮中。本文以黑龙江八一农垦大学为例,对普通农业院校大学生创业意识进行了调查和分析,发现大学生在创业意识方面存在一些问题,如对国家相关创业政策的了解并不清晰、没有明确的创业榜样和创业目标、缺乏创业能力与经验等。因此,为大学生提出一些对策和建议,为高校政府开展及扶持高校大学创新创业方面提供一些借鉴。     

大学生参与创新创业实践活动的影响因素研究——基于345份大学生问卷的调研分析

促进大学生创新创业是激发经济发展创新活力、缓解就业压力的重要举措。文章以江苏省某高校345份大学生调研样本为例,在分析受访学生参与创新创业实践活动特征的基础上构建二元Logit模型,实证研究了大学生参与创新创业实践活动的影响因素。研究发现,大学生较好的学业成绩、学生干部及党员身份能够有效促进大学生参与创新创业实践活动,学校开设创新创业课程对大学生参与创新创业实践活动有着促进作用,周围亲戚朋友的创新创业经历也会激发大学生参与创新创业实践活动。最后基于研究结论,从开展创新创业实践活动、完善课程教育体系、提升高校政策支持效果等方面提出了促进大学生参与创新创业实践活动的政策建议。     

昆明市科技创新梦想工程建设

政府部门在建立健全有利于大众创业、万众创新蓬勃发展的政策环境、制度环境和公共服务体系,推动形成大众创业、万众创新形成良好氛围,激发全社会创新创业活力等方面发挥着重要作用。本文以昆明市科技创新梦想工程建设实践为例,探索"导师+孵化基地+服务平台"的科技众创空间发展路径,为创新创业者提供实现梦想的平台和服务。     

基于激发创业活力的政府创新管理研究

大众创业活动的开展离不开各级地方政府的大力支持和积极参与,在这一活动中,地方政府则只有在认清自身角色定位的基础上,不断实现创新理念,建立和完善创新活动的引导和服务机制,不断提高自身的创新能力和服务能力,才能够更好地激发大众创业活力,推动活动的有效开展。     

“大众创业,万众创新”时代背景下我国创新创业人才政策分析

当前我国正处于"大众创业,万众创新"的时代背景下,"积极稳妥推进人才管理配套改革,建立激励大众创新创业的机制"成为政府工作的重要内容之一。首先依据国务院有关"大众创业,万众创新"的改革发文展开内容分析,整理出中央对地方制定和优化大众创新创业人才政策总的体系性导向。其次,选取天津、武汉、苏州及深圳4座城市现行创新创业人才政策作为地方政策的样本,从政策发布时间、适用对象、内容环节及行政体裁等角度展开现状描述分析。最后,依照上述研究对我国地方政府的创新创业人才政策改革提出建议,以期作为参考。     

释放科技人员创新创业的能量和活力

<正>今年8月,受国务院委托,中国科协对国务院出台的大众创业、万众创新的政策实施情况进行了评估。目前来看,在双创活动中存在着草根创业活跃,科技人员作为创新创业主力军活力不足的情况。推进大众创业、万众创新,是实施创新驱动发展战略的核心内容,在我国经济进入新常态的形势下,进一步通过全面深化改革,激发科技人员的创新创业潜能,使其成为引领双创开展的主体力量,对提升双创的质     

高校在实施创新创业教育过程中的再认识

在国家提出“大众创业、万众创新”口号的背景下,创新创业教育活动在全国掀起热浪,作为创新创业的主阵地的高校,如何在贯彻执行国家政策的指导下,合理正确实施有效的创新创业教育活动是人们面对的首要任务,文章主要从概念廓清和功能定位、出现的问题和解决的措施三个方面重新认识创新创业教育。     

“大众创业、万众创新”主题学术征文及评比活动的通知

正广大作者、读者:2015年3月5日,李克强总理在政府工作报告中正式提出“大众创业、万众创新”的理念,并且提升到中国经济转型和保增长的“双引擎”之一的高度。一年来,国内掀起“大众创业”、“草根创业”的新浪潮,形成“万众创新”、“人人创新”的新态势。《科技创业月刊》作为全国唯一的创新创业领域的专业学术期刊,肩负着为“大众创业、万众创     

Students' Reactions to the Introduction of Videoconferencing for Classroom Instruction

This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors.     

Cooler temperatures inductive to locust outbreaks

Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007.     

Exploring Multiplexity: Social Network Structures in a Computer-Supported Distance Learning Class

A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction.     

The Role of Intermediating Institutions in the Diffusion of Electronic Data Interchange (EDI): How Industry Associations Intervened in Denmark, Finland, and Hong Kong

Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies.     

How Electronic Publishers are Protecting Against Piracy: Doubts About Technical Systems of Protection

The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means.     

Rough Justice: A Statistical Assessment of ICANN's Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy

Long-standing conflict between domain name registrants and trademark holders prompted the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) to create a global, mandatory arbitration procedure known as the Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy (UDRP). The UDRP has been used in 2166 cases involving 3938 domain names as of 1 November 2000. The policy gives the initiator of a complaint, generally a trademark holder, the right to choose which ICANN-accredited dispute resolution service provider (RSP) will handle the case. During the preparation of the UDRP,some feared that complainant selection would lead to "forum shopping" that might bias the results. This article performs a statistical assessment of the forum-shopping thesis and finds support for it. There are statistically significant differences in the various RSPs' propensity to take away names from defendants; there are also major differences in the number of cases brought to each RSP. RSPs who take away names have the larger share of cases. The study examines other variables that might explain differences in market share, such as price, the plaintiff's nationality, or the time taken to decide a case. It finds that nationality and time also are correlated with market share. The study concludes that shopping for a favorable outcome is an important factor in the UDRP.     

Prevalence of soft neurological signs in Chinese people

Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen, a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology, has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology.     

Our Own Devices: Heterotopic Communication, Discourse, and Culture in the Information Society 1

The main premise of this article is that in information societies generally, and in virtual social contexts particularly, a distinctive style of interaction to facilitate the communication of difference, heterotopic communication , has emerged. It rests on two cultural foundations: an ideological belief in the positive, socially integrating power of communication, and a prevailing ethic of instrumental rationality, subjective individualism, and strategically practiced self-interest. The former is demonstrated by the use of simulation and spectacle as sources of information; exhibitionism/voyeurism as a communicative style; and the awareness of surveillance. The latter is seen in the competitive use of knowledge as a commodity; a surface globalism masking deep parochialism; lateral as well as vertical information inequity; and the use of public versus private as strategies for engagement rather than as spaces. Those who engage in heterotopic communication resort to their 'own devices' both in the sense of personal agendas, strategies, interests, and interpretations, and in the form of the telecommunication tools that help realize them. These personal and technological devices allow individuals with the right educational and technical resources to avoid exposure to disagreement, difference, or other information that does not serve their direct purposes or reflect their particular views of the world; yet they also help convey the appearance of openness, availability, and cooperation. This style of interaction is used strategically in combination with information and communication technologies to gain social or economic advantages, but it may encourage social separatism and parochialism, inhibit the negotiation of disputes, and emphasize competing interests.     

Monoculture Rubber Plantations Have Negative Ef ects on Controlling Splash Erosion

<正>In Xishuangbanna,one of China’s most biodiverse regions,landscape has changed dramatically during the past three decades due to the conversion of tropical rainforest to rubber plantations.In steep areas,terraces are often constructed before planting rubber trees,which causes two important changes in the soil:the destabilization of soil in the bench terraces and the increased vulnerability of unvegetated riser faces to erosion.Few studies have documented the nature and intensity of erosion on bench terraces.Prof.LIU Wenjie and his colleagues from the Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden(XTBG)conducted a study in Menglun County(21°5′39″N,101°15′55″E),Xishuangbanna to evaluate the influence     

Chinese Scientists Use Earth Observation Technologies to Study and Protect Wild Camels

<正>Chinese scientists plan to apply Earth Observation technologies to protect the critically endangered wild camels(Camelus ferus).With the help of remote sensing,satellite positioning,geographical information system and wireless sensors networks,they will be able to access the distribution and population of the wild camels and protect their habitats.The project will be carried out by the International Research Center for Wild Camel Conservation,which was jointly established earlier this year by the Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth(RADI)of the Chinese