Extended business work placements for teachers: between lived experience and barriers to professionalisation

This article focuses on professional work placements for teachers of business and management. These one-year work placements seek to develop the teachers’ knowledge of the business world, allowing them to improve their teaching practice and produce new pedagogical resources. We examine here, from the teachers’ point of view, two questions: What are the particularities of the work placement as a context for learning (in terms of processes, roles and organisation, products)? What are the effects on their professional development? Two perspectives are articulated. On the one hand, a didactic perspective will examine the reconstruction of ‘business’ as an object to be taught by the teachers. On the other hand, the professionalisation dynamics point of view will examine the shifts in teachers’ perceptions.     

The role of part-time employment among young people with a non-university education in Spain

For some people, a part-time job is merely an intermediate state that serves as a stepping stone to further employment and makes labour market integration easier. Yet, part-time work also appears in highly unstable careers. The present research aims to determine the role of part-time employment for young people with non-university studies. Using the Survey on Transition from Education/Training and Labour Market Integration (ETEFIL-2005), we build the monthly sequence of labour states for young people from when they finish their non-university studies until the time of the survey. The analysis allows us to conclude that part-time work is fairly atypical in the early stages of a career but that those who have part-time jobs spend quite a long time in them. In addition, we identify several patterns in the use of part-time work, the ‘integrative’ pattern proving to be the most prevalent. Factors such as education and early preferences are seen to have a major impact on career paths.     

The effect of work placements on the academic performance of Chinese students in UK higher education

The main controversy as a result of the commercialisation of international education markets is that international students especially those from China are unable to perform as well as UK students in UK universities. So far, research has yet to identify the influence of placements on the academic performance of Chinese students from entry to graduation. Using four cohorts of accounting and finance students in a UK university, this present work is the first to find that Chinese students who undertake placements in the third year are seven times more likely to achieve good degrees (2.1 or 1st) than those who opt out of work placements. It is also found that Chinese students who have a high prior academic achievement and better academic results from years 1 and 2 are likely to undertake placements. Finally, the results show that the academic performance of international students is influenced by domicile.     

高职院校分阶段顶岗实习模式的实施与管理

顶岗实习是高等职业教育实践教学体系的重要环节,大部分高职院校采用毕业前集中顶岗实习模式。针对食品发酵企业季节性、阶段性和周期性的生产特点,实施分阶段顶岗实习模式,使学生顶岗实习和企业生产同步进行;借鉴现代质量管理理论的思想和方法,将ISO9000质量管理和危害性分析与关键点控制(HACCP)2个体系引入到顶岗实习管理中,成功地构建了高职学生顶岗实习质量控制体系。该体系包括组织制度、过程管理和监控反馈3部分。实践表明,该模式有利于密切校企合作、增强实习岗位对口性,实现了顶岗实习的精细化管理,提升了学生职业岗位能力,提高了毕业生就业率。     

Engineering work integrated learning placements: the influence of capitals on students’ access

ABSTRACT

Work Integrated Learning (WIL) is embraced in Australian higher education (HE) and is a feature of most Australian HE ‘entry to profession’ engineering education programs accredited by Engineers Australia. Accreditation guidelines articulate the need for curriculum-integrated engagement with professional practice (EPP) and encourage EPP in a separate workplace environment, e.g. WIL. This article reports on the analysis of semi-structured interviews with staff and student engineers from four Australian HE institutions with mandatory engineering WIL. Framed by a Bourdieusian theoretical perspective, the influence of capitals on student access to engineering WIL placements was investigated. The research found that students’ capitals influenced access to engineering WIL placements. Policy and educational practice recommendations are made.     

四川省中小学美术兼职教师现状分析及对策

我省中小学美术教师中，兼职教师目前尚占有相当大的比例。研究和分析他们的业务和工作现状并提出基本的对策，对于加强美术教师继续教育的针对性、促进我省美术课程改革和进一步推进素质教育具有重要的作用。     

The adult part-time learner in colleges and universities: A clientele analysis

Using the 1975 National Center for Educational Statistics/Bureau of Census Participation in Adult Education survey data, this paper presents an analysis of part-time students at colleges and universities—who participates and who persists. Separate analyses of public two-year colleges and noncredit activities are also presented. The analysis is followed with a discussion of the implications. A general conclusion is that adult education at colleges and universities may rest on a precariously narrow base.     

The reporting of university league table employability rankings: a critical review

Which are the best and worst universities in the UK for getting a job when you graduate? This question attracts readers of the employability rankings in national league tables. This study critically reviews the employability measure used in the rankings and its subsequent reporting in public news and commentary sources, such as national and local media, student and advisory websites as well as universities and the publishers themselves. A debate that is constrained by a reproduction of the content and apparent neutrality of the employability measure in the tables is revealed. Universities themselves are the most frequent commentators, and echo the content of the tables fairly uncritically. Analysis leads to a consideration that participants in higher education may not be served well by a proliferation of information that can lead to simultaneous over-simplification and obfuscation that does not result in clarity or trust. I will argue that prospective students and their advisers need to review information that is available critically, and that universities individually and collectively should facilitate the production of a more nuanced narrative about graduate career pathways that is not controlled by marketing and metrics.     

美国社区学院兼职教师队伍的管理与启示

美国是高等职业教育比较发达的国家,社区学院是世界高等职业教育成功的典范之一。通过对美国社区学院兼职教师队伍管理的研究,提出了我国高等职业院校兼职教师队伍管理的对策建议。     

Part-time work and advancement: a study of female professional staff in Australian universities

One focus of gender equity policies in universities has been the creation of ‘retention’ part-time work for professional staff, which allows employees to move between full-time and part-time hours at their request. This paper examines whether such ‘good’ part-time jobs can contribute to or at least not impede women’s career advancement. The paper examines the correlation between job classification and part-time work, and whether a period of part-time work acts as a significant ‘brake’ on a woman’s career trajectory. This study uses data from the 2011 Work and Careers in Australian Universities survey. Part-time work is used extensively by lower-classified women, but rarely by those in higher classifications. Part-time work stalls career advancement compared to working full-time, but this brake is reduced if a woman transitions back to full-time work.     

大学生兼职风险的成因及对策

大学生兼职已是大学校园里的一种普遍存在不可忽视的现象,兼职有助于大学生交际圈的突破,是大学生生活的润滑剂,也是大学教育在地域上的延伸。本文通过了解高校大学生的兼职状况,以期掌握大学生兼职风险的成因,进一步提出对策,从而为高校加强对大学生兼职工作的管理提供一定的参考。     

Creative work careers: pathways and portfolios for the creative economy

This article examines the career opportunities, challenges and trajectories of creative work. As part of the Creative Trident approach to creative workforce measurements, the embedded mode draws attention to creative work as it is undertaken outside of the creative industries. This article further considers and conceptualises the complex careers pathways of creative workers. Firstly, creative workers in non-creative occupations in other industries are discussed to highlight the challenges and barriers to securing creative employment and the balance creative workers establish with other forms of employment. Secondly, students from creative courses going into non-creative occupations in other industries is discussed to highlight challenges students face in making the transition from higher education to creative employment in terms of workforce expectations and the competition amongst graduates. This article critically evaluates assumptions about transitions from education into creative work employment and associated career trajectories.     

Employer understanding of Work-Integrated Learning and the challenges of engaging in work placement opportunities

This study examines employer understanding of Work-Integrated Learning (WIL), reasons for participation and the challenges and barriers posed during the WIL process. This is important given the drive to grow WIL, augmented by the National Strategy for WIL, and the significant benefits it holds in preparing students for their transition to employment. The study was undertaken by the four publicly funded Western Australian universities, in partnership with the Chamber of Commerce and Industry of Western Australia, and is focused on work placements among business students. Findings indicate employers had very little understanding of WIL offerings at the four Business Schools. While employers generally believed that student work placements are useful for their industry sectors, a number of issues impacted on their engagement in WIL. These included identifying suitable projects and tasks for students to complete; sourcing suitable students; concerns with student performance and capacity to mentor/supervise. A combination of quantitative and qualitative research tools were used with data gathered by an employer survey (N?=?112) and focus group sessions (N?=?17). The study recommends a number of ways to alleviate barriers and challenges to improve the WIL experience for all stakeholders and ensure the sustained growth of WIL in the higher education sector.     

高职院校兼职教师队伍现状调查与对策思考——以轨道交通类专业为例

随着职业教育的快速发展,兼职教师队伍日益成为高职院校师资队伍的重要组成部分,但在实践中也产生不少问题。高职轨道交通类专业更因其特殊的行业背景,兼职教师聘用渠道受限,学历和职称总体不高,整体质量偏低,同时,由于缺少教育理论素养,课堂把控能力不足,且专兼职矛盾难以调和,教学质量监控困难,应当从加强政策引导,深化校企合作,完善管理制度几个方面着力加以解决。     

电大兼职教师队伍建设中存在的问题及其管理对策

兼职教师是电大教学队伍的重要组成部分。本文指出了当前兼职教师队伍存在的一些问题,分析了存在问题的管理原因,有针对性地提出了加强电大兼职教师队伍建设的管理对策。     

校企合作校园网络运维校内顶岗实习的改革与实践

"顶岗实习"是高等职业教育"工学结合"人才培养模式改革的重要内容之一。目前计算机网络技术专业教学在实施顶岗实习中存在着稳定性与整体性不足、前期不够适应等缺陷。有鉴于此,在校企深度融合思想的指导下,应积极开展校园网络运维校内顶岗实习的改革与实践,通过建立校内顶岗实习基地、改革专业课程设置体系、深化理论实践一体化教学等一系列措施,实现校内理论实践一体化教学与企业顶岗实习无缝对接,提高人才培养质量。     

高职金融保险专业实践教学体系的创建与实施

高职金融保险专业实践教学体系的创建要以工学结合为原则,以保险岗位典型工作任务为基础,围绕培养保险职业岗位所必需的职业能力进行设计,从而形成包括岗位认知实习、专业课程实习、专业综合实习、毕业顶岗实习和社会体验实习等在内的有机联系的实践性教学体系,最终构建起以职业能力的培养为本位的课程体系。     

按劳分配与按劳动力价值分配

本文认为在社会主义初级阶段,个人消费品的基本分配方式是按劳动力价值分配。因为,在现阶段,劳动者个人同生产物质条件发生一定程度的分离,国家与劳动者个人交换,只能遵循“等价交换”的原则;在现阶段,劳动者既是国家的主人,又是国家的“雇员”,其收入分配,既按劳动力价值分配;又参与剩余价值的分割,并不否认劳动者主人翁地位     

The change of work value endorsement among Korean adolescents and its association with socioeconomic status

This study examined how the endorsement of work values changed over time and investigated the role of socioeconomic status in the development of work values. A 5-year longitudinal sample of Korean adolescents was used. Three work values were measured: Extrinsic reward, working conditions, and personal development. Findings indicate that Korean adolescents’ endorsement of extrinsic reward and working conditions declines modestly over time, while no systematic change was found in the personal development value. Adolescents from a lower socioeconomic status were generally less likely to endorse work values than those from higher socioeconomic status. Implications regarding career interventions are discussed.