美国帕罗艾托社区学院学生学习成果评估探析

作为美国最大的社区学院阿拉莫学院(Alamo Community Colleges)的成员,帕罗艾托学院(Palo Alto College)非常重视学生的素质教育,其施行多年行之有效的学生学习成果评估体系颇受人欣赏与赞誉。帕罗艾托学院通过评估有效沟通能力、辩证思考能力、经验知识、量化研究、个人责任、社会责任和团队合作这七个项目对学生的通识教育的学习成果进行评估,其完善的评估体系对于我国高校大力加强素质教育,注重学生学习成效,努力推进课程改革以及通过改革创新提升学院知名度具有非常大的借鉴意义。     

Private School Diversity in Denmark's National Voucher System

The voucher system in Denmark combines unrestricted generous subsidies with substantial autonomy of private schools as to schedule and teaching methods. This has produced a private school sector with a wide variety of school types. This paper uses data on eight cohorts of students (over 510,000 individuals) to compare educational attainment in public and private voucher schools, including religious schools (Catholic and Protestant) and various types of non‐religious schools. The findings suggest that, after controlling for individual and peer characteristics, the average public student would attain moderately higher levels of education if he/she attended grammar or Catholic school, relative to the public alternative. Attainment of students at Protestant, international and German minority schools is not different from public schools. However, attending free, boarding and, particularly, little and Waldorf schools is associated with substantially lower completion rates at the upper secondary level, which is probably at least partly due to the clustering of special education students in these school types, which cannot be controlled for. At the tertiary level, differences between private and public schools generally vanish.     

高师院校学生课堂教学能力培养存在的问题及破解的路径和方法--以思想政治教育专业为个案的分析

高等师范教育是培养基础教育教师的主阵地,近年来随着基础教育课程改革的全面实施,高校师范教育改革也在兴起。高师思想政治教育专业的教学教育时期是学生职业生涯的起始阶段。高师院校思想政治教育专业学生中学政治课课堂教学能力的高低将直接影响中学政治课教学的质量。课堂教学能力是教师素质的具体表现之一,只有重视对师范生课堂教学能力的培养,才能培养出合格的中学政治教师,才能将提高中学政治课教学质量的目标落到实处。     

学生学业成绩评价改革研究

改革现有学生学业成绩评价制度,构建素质教育的评价模式在推进素质教育的过程中具有重大的理论和现实意义。文章就学生学业成绩评价改革提出几点建议。平时成绩与终结性考试成绩相统一构成升学成绩,作为招生录取的依据,建立考试诚信制度。建立学科档案袋,实施任务表现性评价,让学生更充分地表现自己。量性评价与质性评价相结合,使学生在原有基础上提高,促进学生的全面发展。学生学业成绩评价改革要求教育工作者转变传统教育观念,提高评价能力。学生学业成绩评价改革是一个系统工程,需要政府的政策保障以及家长、社会各界的参与和支持。     

完善中等职业学校毕业生直接升学制度的思考

构建中等职业学校毕业生直接升学制度是中国教育体制改革的一项战略举措.因为职业学校毕业生有专业属性,所以这种升学办法的设计就要比对普通高考招生复杂.通过招生,高等职业教育可能对中等职业教育产生负效的反作用.以考试为主去选拔,将关于专业知识(技能)考试可选三种方案的利弊做了分析.同时,回顾改革开放以来,甘肃省职业学校毕业生直接升学办法改革的经历,又对部分省高等职业学院面向"三校生"招生办法进行了比较.认为中等职业教育实行办学目标"双元化"改革,是完善职业学校毕业生直接升学制度的基础.     

生本教育理念下的中学历史课程改革

生本教育体系提倡一切为了学生、高度尊重学生和全面依靠学生的理念。它的出现,使中学历史教学的传统模式受到了挑战。中学历史课程只有摒弃以往师本教育的观念,依据生本教育的理念进行教学改革并实施积极的教学评价,才能得到良好的教学效果。     

捷克高等职业教育运行机制及其启示

捷克高等职业教育经过近20年的发展,形成了良好的依法管理的氛围,其完备的教学条件、高质量的师资队伍、灵活多样的教学形式和独特的考试方式确保了高等职业学校教学质量的稳步提升。捷克高等职业教育的成功经验对我国高等职业教育改革具有多方面的借鉴意义。     

Contemporary Federal Education Policy and Rural Schools: A Critical Policy Analysis

Over the last 3 decades student achievement has remained essentially unchanged in the United States, but not for a lack of spending. Over the same period a myriad of education reforms have been suggested and per-pupil spending has more than doubled. Since the 1990s the education reform attempts have frequently included judicial decisions to revise state school finance systems. Invoking general clauses about the need for an adequate education found in every state constitution, judges in more than half of the states waded into the development of finely tuned reform strategies. This article empirically estimates the effect of judicial intervention on student achievement using standardized test scores and graduation rates in 48 states from 1992 to 2005. We find no evidence that court-ordered school spending improves student achievement.     

有效的利用学校体育的功能来加强学生的德育教育

学校体育在当前教改战略方针的这正确指引下,除了影像学生传授文化知识,技术、增强体质外,还应发挥自身的特点,有效的利用体育特有功能来进行对学生道德品质的培养,把终身体育思想教育与的德育贯穿起来,发挥体育教学的特殊的育人作用。     

袁世凯与清末教育改革

袁世凯在清末力主废除科学制度，大力推广新式学堂教育，积极规划学堂管理，是清末教育改革中频有影响的人物。     

当代中国学校文化内在转型论析

学校文化建设是学校变革与发展的原动力,它影响着办学思想、教育理念、人才培养。文章从学校教育的宗旨、功能、任务、内容和办学理念等五个方面,来阐述当代中国学校文化的内在转型。     

National Plan for School Improvement and Students First: the predictable nature of school education policy and the problem of student achievement

This paper explores two Australian school education policy documents and the inputs they describe to boost student achievement. The paper suggests that current reform efforts in schooling like others previously configure student achievement in input–output terms confining school education policy to predictable inputs that sideline broader influences on educational output including, for instance, school funding. The national policy documents that are the subject of the case study in this paper are the National Plan for School Improvement and the current Students First. Student achievement is explored as an object of study that can be worked on by policy, including for across-the-board national ‘non-educational’ purposes. The analysis, critical in outlook, suggests that current school education policy trades on a predictable set of evidence-based inputs as correctives to declining levels of student achievement without weaving into the student learning equation the complex mix of relations that frame the educational system.     

Open to critique: predictive effects of academic outcomes from a bridging/foundation programme on first-year degree-level study

Bridging/foundation programmes are often provided by tertiary institutions to increase equity in access and academic performance of students from under-served communities. Little empirical evidence exists to measure the effectiveness of these bridging/foundation programmes on undergraduate academic outcomes. This research identifies the predictive effect of academic outcomes achieved within a bridging/foundation programme, targeted towards indigenous and ethnic minority students, on first-year degree-level outcomes. Overall performance within the bridging/foundation programme was positively associated with increasing Grade Point Average (GPA), ‘Core 4’ GPA and passing all courses in first year. However, mixed associations were identified between feeder bridging/foundation courses and their intended first year course counterparts. These findings support the continued provision of bridging/foundation education; however, curricular reform within the bridging/foundation programme was required. Key developments included: restructuring course delivery; increasing constructive alignment across the curriculum; increasing cultural content within western science-orientated courses; introduction of cross-curricular assessment and use of additional innovative teaching and learning activities. Additional challenges remain for degree programmes to explore how they can change in order to better support indigenous and ethnic minority student success within first-year tertiary study.     

回归大学本真之路:新本院校育人改革途径与策略

大学存在与发展的本源价值在人才培养,育人是大学的本真.作为中国高等教育的重要组成部分,地方新建本科院校对当下发展侧重点的判断,应回育人的大学本真.树立"以学生为中心"的教育理念,合理选择人才培养模式改革突破点,通过课程教学、资源环境、管理体制、学校文化等相关领域的系统改革,实现大学本真的回归之路.     

写作活动对本科生学习收获的影响研究

本科生写作活动及其对学习收获的影响是高等教育评估的重要方面,高校如何提升本科生写作能力,本科生如何改善写作实践、综合发展,是本研究价值意义所在。研究采用独立样本t检验、单因素方差分析、相关分析、回归分析等方法研究本科生写作活动现状及其对学习收获的影响。结果表明,当前本科生写作活动状况较差,女生、担任学生干部、有读研意愿、高年级、城市生源、“双一流”建设高校和部属高校学生的写作活动状况表现更好。同时,写作活动与学习收获呈显著正相关关系,各项写作活动影响了不同维度的学习收获。基于此,高校应重视学生写作活动的价值性,改革写作课程与教学,提升人才培养质量;本科生自身更要树立写作的价值意识,提高写作活动的自我投入。     

艰难地在荆棘中前行——新世纪台湾地区普通高中教育改革研究

新世纪台湾地区的普通高中教育改革以教育松绑、带好每一个学生、畅通升学管道、提升教育品质、建立终身学习社会为方向,涵盖广设高中、高中高职社区化、普通高中学制改革、普通高中新课程改革、高中入学考试改革等多项具体内容。16年来,改革取得了一定的成效,但也受到多方抨击。台湾地区普通高中教育改革的经验与教训均值得我们借鉴。     

The effect of modular education on school dropout

Modular education refers to the division of conventional courses into smaller components or modules. Each module enables students to obtain a partial certificate that can be combined into a qualification. This article evaluates whether modular education, which is widely used in secondary and tertiary education, has been effective in reducing school dropout. For this purpose, the study exploits a policy change in the Flemish Community of Belgium, which recently introduced modular education for some programmes. Using a difference-in-differences framework with diverse adoption dates per school, the results indicate that modular education may significantly reduce school dropout by 2.5 percentage points, with the largest effects on foreign origin students. Therefore, modular education is likely to be an effective policy to tackle school dropout and reduce the ethnic attainment gap. Additionally, students enrolled in modular education are more likely to be employed and to incur higher earnings on the labour market.     

高中学生建立创新个性特色档案的优势

学生档案作为学生成长发展与升学的一个重要考评项目,一直以来在我国中学教育中占有重要地位。随着社会的不断发展和教育理念的不断多元化,学生综合素质的培养和归档重要性已经越来越凸显。今年我国中央级领导已提出对我国教育进行全程大规模的改革,其中高中教育被视为改革中重点,为顺应改革,基于学校档案工作的存在宗旨,本文将致力于探讨档案工作创新的必要性及其优势。     

Transforming American High Schools: Possibilities for the Next Phase of High School Reform

The next phase of high school reform is ripe with possibilities. Over the last 3 decades, educational research has identified a number of promising and effective high school models. Research demonstrates the benefits of career academies and early college schools. Schools that offer small, personalized environments; comprehensive approaches to schoolwide instruction and operations; and integrated opportunities to experience career and college have exhibited positive impacts on labor market outcomes, student achievement, or high school graduation. Guided by advances in research of high school reform and recent education policy, leaders and funders of reform and educational innovations should seek to further integrate structural arrangements and instructional practices with local employers and higher education institutions. Reforms should also search for ways to accelerate rapid and dramatic improvements in school performance.     

从教育公平的视角审视我国中小学学生评价工作

随着新课程改革的不断推进,我国中小学之学生评价工作越来越受到人们的重视。学生评价是否公平,直接影响到学生接受的教育公平与否。笔者从教育公平的视角,审视了我国中小学学生评价工作中的几个主要问题,即：学生评价目的、学生评价标准、学生评价主体和学生评价的方法。