关于学生个性因素与远程教育相关性的探讨

随着计算机技术在教育领域中应用的不断深入 ,远程教育这种顺应新技术发展的教学模式 ,开始深入影响人类未来的学习模式。为了有效地提高网上教学的质量 ,本文探讨了学生个性因素与远程教育之间的关系 ,并提出学生的个性因素在很大程度上影响着网上教学的教学效果。因此 ,有针对性地研制适合学生个性因素的网上教学 /学习系统 ,是今后远程教育的发展方向。     

远程教育中学生主体作用发挥的障碍因素与对策分析

随着教育模式的变化，学生在学习中的地位也在发生变化。远程教育的突出特点就是学生的主体性作用加强，学生成为自主学习者和知识的探究者。教师的角色也发生了重要变化：由课堂教学的主宰变为学生自主学习的指导者，由知识的传授者变为学生认知力发展的帮助者，由教学信息资源的垄断者变为学生学习的导航者，由个体劳动行为变为群体劳动行为。为此，必须深入研究远程教育下的独特教学规律，分析影响学生主体性作用发挥的因素以及远程教育模式的现实性问题，以探索强化学生主体性教育的实施对策，提高教学效率。     

New Learning Design in Distance Education: The impact on student perception and motivation

Many forms of e‐learning (such as online courses with authentic tasks and computer‐supported collaborative learning) have become important in distance education. Very often, such e‐learning courses or tasks are set up following constructivist design principles. Often, this leads to learning environments with authentic problems in ill‐structured tasks that are supposed to motivate students. However, constructivist design principles are difficult to implement because developers must be able to predict how students perceive the tasks and whether the tasks motivate the students. The research in this article queries some of the assumed effects. It presents a study that provides increased insight into the actual perception of electronic authentic learning tasks. The main questions are how students learn in such e‐learning environments with “virtual” reality and authentic problems and how they perceive them. To answer these questions, in two e‐learning programs developed at the Open University of the Netherlands (OUNL) designers’ expectations were contrasted with student perceptions. The results show a gap between the two, for students experience much less authenticity than developers assume.     

Pedagogical practices of NetNZ teachers for supporting online distance learners

A supportive online learning environment entails teachers using effective pedagogical practices to meet the needs of their students and developing a positive teacher–student relationship to foster learner motivation and engagement. This paper reports a study investigating how 32 secondary teachers in New Zealand taught their online distance classes and how they related to their students. These classes were administered by NetNZ, an online distance education community. An online survey conducted in 2016 found that NetNZ teachers used inquiry-based practices including flipped learning and knowledge-building pedagogies to support agency, autonomy, collaboration, and community development. They also used synchronous and asynchronous communication technologies to overcome barriers of relationship building in online settings. NetNZ was unique in delivering distance education in the New Zealand context in that it used a community approach to encourage a more active participation of its member schools and teachers in delivering distance courses to secondary students.     

英语远程教育中合作学习之探究

合作学习可以改变远程教育模式下学生以自学为主的学习方式,提高他们的英语交际能力。文章首先分析了合作学习在远程英语教育中的实践意义,然后探讨了如何在英语远程教育中开展合作学习,即制定教学目标和任务、组建合作学习小组、开展合作学习。最后简要阐述了英语远程教育合作学习环境下教师角色的转变。     

Distance Learning; International Comparisons

Many industrialized countries show considerable interest in distance learning and invest large sums in it beyond the high school level, with very encouraging results. The evidence from these countries to date is that distance learning, at relatively low cost, can reach millions of students who otherwise would not have much opportunity for studying. The Third, or Majority, World's interest in and use of distance learning appears to make a great deal of sense. This seems particularly so in college and university education, where the cost per student in conventional campusesis very high. At this level, Majority World countries spend as much as one-third of their education budgets. Even the conservative World Bank, after many years of more or less ignoring it, recently endorsed distance learning as a cost-effective solution for the Majority World to consider. Distance learning is not a universal panacea, however. There are failures to report as well as successes. Despite the powerful international forces that drive globalization, electronification, and commodification, each country must generate its own model to suit its own needs and conditions. Each country should decide, for example, whether to set up one or more distance teaching universities like the Open University in the UK or to promote distance teaching as an additional function of conventional campus-based institutions. Each country needs a policy on how it will exploit distance learning and for which groups of students. Each country should decide whether and how it wishes to collaborate with other countries to get the most out of distance learning.     

Student satisfaction with distance education in a criminal justice graduate course

As distance education becomes more widespread and sophisticated, a key concern should be how well programming meets the needs of its student clientele. The present study examines student satisfaction across learning environments (studio versus remote) and over time. Survey questionnaires were administered in a distance education course, and scales were constructed for (1) evaluation of the instructor and (2) specific aspects of distance education. Attitudes were generally favorable, although most students would still prefer a “traditional” classroom and satisfaction ratings significantly declined over time. Implications for improving services are explored regarding technological aspects of the classroom that pose difficulties for some students.     

做好教学支持服务，引导学生自主学习

自主学习能力是人们为适应社会发展所须具备的一种能力,建立以“学生为中心”的开放教。育教学支持服务体系,是开放教育教学质量的重要保证。探讨在现代远程开放教育环境下,如何为计算机专业学生提供多项支持服务,引导学生自主学习。     

Utilisation of formative peer-assessment in distance online education: a case study of a multi-model sport management unit

Higher education system has been globally evolving over time with the development of courses that offer distance online models of delivery to meet the changing needs of students in an era of technology-driven transformation. However, one of the biggest challenges of distance online education has been higher attrition rates mostly due to difficulties in engaging the students in the learning process adequately. In this regard, peer-assessment has been recommended in the literature as an interactive method to optimise student engagement and learning in collaborative environments. This study demonstrates how formative peer-assessment was utilised in an online multi-model sport management unit to enhance engaged learning outcomes.     

远程学习者学习技能培养的意义与方法

远程教育中的学生支持分为两大类：一类是补救性学生支持，其中包括非学术性支持和学术性支持；另一类是发展性学生支持，主要指培养学生学习技能的活动。本重点阐述了培养远程学习学习技能的重要意义，以及培养学习学习技能的具体策略和方法。本包括五个部分：一、远程学习学习技能培养的意义；二、学习技能的内涵；三、远程学习过程中所需要的主要学习技能；四、学习技能的培养方法；五、学习技能培养的原则。作希望，借本能够呼吁远程教育机构重视远程学习学习技能的培养，同时能够为一线辅导教师培养远程学习学习技能提供具体策略和方法的参考。     

Inferring Student Learning Behaviour from Website Interactions: A Usage Analysis

Web-based learning environments are now used extensively as integral components of course delivery in tertiary education. To provide an effective learning environment, it is important that educators understand how these environments are used by their students. In conventional teaching environments educators are able to obtain feedback on student learning experiences in face-to-face interactions with their students, enabling continual evaluation of their teaching programs. However, when students work in electronic environments, this informal monitoring is not possible; educators must look for other ways to attain this information. Capturing and recording student interactions with a website provides a rich source of information from data that is gathered unobtrusively. The aim of this study was firstly to explore what information can be gained from analysing student interactions with Web-based learning environments and secondly to determine the value of this process in providing information about student learning behaviours and learning outcomes. This study has provided critical information to educators about the learning behaviour of their students, informing future enhancements and developments to a courseware website and the teaching program it supports.     

Continuing Thoughts on Social Networking

A comprehensive meta-analysis of the research following Glass, McGraw, and Smith's (1981) technique integrated findings from twenty-five comparative studies from 1990 to 2003 targeting student achievement and distance education in allied health professions. Student achievement was assessed through course grades and resulted in an overall effect size of 0.15, a very small positive effect for distance learners when compared to traditional students. Several dependent variables—education levels, models of distance education, and instructional design components—related to the effect size. In the distance education setting, working professional students significantly outperformed graduate and undergraduate students. Open learning and synchronous instruction were the most effective distance education models of instruction. Instructional design components implemented into a distance education course resulted in greater student achievement scores.     

Transactional Presence as a Critical Predictor of Success in Distance Learning

This paper argues that, apart from interactive activities, the perceptions of psychological presence that distance education students hold of their teachers, peer students, and the institution can be significant predictors of their learning. The "perception of presence" in this paper is defined as the degree to which a distance education student senses the availability of, and connectedness with, each party. This form of presence is designated here as "Transactional Presence" (TP). In this study, distance education student learning was assessed in the light of students' perceived learning achievement, satisfaction, and intent-to-persist. An analysis of student survey data indicates that a distance student's sense of institutional TP predicts all the selected measures to do with success in distance learning. While a sense of peer student TP is significantly related to satisfaction and intent-to-persist, the effect of teacher TP is found to relate only to student-perceived learning achievement. Implications of the TP construct are discussed with respect to the theory, research, and practice of distance education, along with recommendations for future research.     

Student Evaluation of Instruction: In the New Paradigm of Distance Education

Distance education has experienced soaring development over the last decade. With millions of students in higher education enrolling in distance education, it becomes critically important to understand student learning and experiences with online education. Based on a large sample of 11,351 students taught by 1,522 instructors from 29 colleges and universities, this study investigates the factors that impact student evaluation of instruction in distance education, using a two-level hierarchical model. Key findings reveal that in a distance education setting, gender and class size are no longer significant predictors of quality of instruction. However, factors such as reasons for taking the course, student class status and instructor’s academic rank have a significant impact on student evaluation of learning and instruction. Findings from this study offer important implications for institutional administrators on utilizing the evaluation results and on developing strategies to help faculty become effective online instructors.     

Approaches to Learning of European Business Students

Several reports on higher education have identified the need to improve the quality of student learning. Higher education research identifies the approach to learning as a significant factor affecting the quality of learning. If educators are to find ways of improving the educational experience of their students, they must understand how students learn and the effects of the learning environment on their learning approaches. This study examines the approaches to learning adopted by Irish and overseas students studying on the BA in European Business at Dublin City University (DCU) [1] .     

远程开放教育中学生自主学习能力培养的研究

自主学习是一种学习者自我导向的学习。在远程开放教育中,要建立学生自主学习的模式,就必须在现代教育思想、远程开放教育理论的指导下,依托在线学习平台,激活教师的主导作用和学生的主体作用。针对远程开放教育学生的现状,提出建立学生自主学习模式的基本思路和提高学生自主学习能力的主要措施,从而实现远程开放教育整体水平的不断提高。     

Changing spaces of education: new perspectives on the nature of learning

This case study relates to distance learning students on open access courses. It demonstrates the use of predictive analytics to generate a model of the probabilities of success and retention at different points, or milestones, in a student journey. A core set of explanatory variables has been established and their varying relative importance at different milestones identified. The explanatory variables, milestones and reference points when the model is run will be different at other institutions but the approach may be generalised to distance learning institutions and, more broadly, to any HE institution. Institutions, and especially distance education institutions which do not have the advantages of frequently seeing students, need to make full use of any recorded information they hold to try and identify students who are, or become, at potential risk of leaving. The importance of different factors, at different milestones, may help tailor student support to individual students and therefore improve low retention in open access distance education.     

Comparing Student Evaluations of Distance Learning and Standard Classroom Courses in Graduate Social Work Education

Abstract

This study compared the student course evaluations of standard education and distance learning courses in the school of social work of one southern university. The sample included 14 distance learning (DL) and 122 standard education courses. A 20-item quantitative student course evaluation and a 7-item qualitative questionnaire were used to compare differences between social work courses taught in a standard classroom setting with those taught using distance learning technology. Comparisons of identical courses taught in both formats found that students rated distance learning higher than the standard classroom for a course having predominantly lecture content. Conversely, ratings for clinical practice courses were just the opposite with lower ratings for distance learning than the standard classroom. Results of a qualitative survey (n = 39) of students conducted at the end of a course taught by distance learning found that 73% of the students felt that distance learning technology interfered with class participation. However, 73% of the students felt the instructor handled technological problems in a professional and patient manner. Although 54% of the students reported that they would take another course by distance learning, more research is needed to determine what social work courses can be most effectively taught by distance and classroom formats.     

课堂情境下师生良好互动浅谈

随着新课程标准的实行,"师生互动"在课堂教学中日益受到关注和重视,课堂教学必须突出学生主体性,变"讲堂"为"学堂",变传统灌输式为学生探索式。这样,才能使学生的创新精神和实践能力得到有效培养和提高。针对"师生互动"中存在的问题,我们对促进良好师生关系做了浅要分析,并提出相应的对策。