丙酮氧化反应的声化学效应

运用超声方法对丙酮碘化反应和丙酮与高猛酸钾氧化反应进行了研究，实验表明：超声空化作用对丙酮氧化具有正催化作用，这是由于声波能形成局部高温高压，导致自由基，声波使键能共振等一些特性，不仅能够加快某些化学反应的速度，而且能够使某些在通常情况下不发生的化学反应在超声波的作用下进行，此外实验用光谱吸收法来测定化学反应的进程。     

氯化钠与叶绿体色素的提取

学生按高中《生物》课本做“叶绿体中色素的提取和分离”实验时，往往难于提取到叶绿体中的色素。笔者于1996年做了一些实验和理论探索。找到了原因：新鲜叶片含有的水分与丙酮互溶，水分子吸引丙酮分子，排斥色素分子使丙酮不能溶解叶绿体中的色素而提取不到色素。解决办法是烘干叶片除去水分或加入能把水与丙酮分开的盐(氯化钠)。     

相转移催化下的交叉羟醛缩合反应

以PEG－400为相转移催化剂，用于苯甲醛与丙酮之间的交叉羟醛缩合反应，合成了二亚苄基丙酮，产率达91％。     

叶绿体色素纸层析分离实验的关键步骤

通过对比85％丙酮、95％乙醇及乙醚三种有机溶剂在提取叶绿体色素的纸层析分离实验中发现，采用乙醚和丙酮混合液提取叶绿体色素的方法，取得了良好的实验效果。     

KF／Al2O3催化柠檬醛和丙酮缩合制备假性紫罗兰酮

本以KF／Al2O3为催化剂，研究了柠檬醛和丙酮缩合制备假性紫罗兰酮的反应，重点考察了反应温度、反应时间、反应原料摩尔配比(柠檬醛，丙酮)、催化剂用量诸因素对反应的影响，确定了制备假性紫罗兰酮的优化反应条件：温度15℃、时间0．5h、柠檬醛，丙酮10mmol／90mmol、催化荆KF／Al2O3 1．45g，柠檬醛的转化率为97．6％，假性紫罗兰酮的选择性为100％。     

"提层试剂"与丙酮、"课本层析液"的实验效果对比研究

“叶绿体中色素的提取和分离”是高中生物学一个重要的学生实验。多年来，我们发现按教材指导，用丙酮和“课本层析液”很难获得满意的实验效果。不足之处有：①纸层析点样处色素迁移不彻底；②一般很难判别叶绿素a的含量比叶绿素b的含量多；③有些材料实验效果通常较差，如萝卜、上海青、小白菜。因素是多方面的，如气温、实验材料、层析液组分、提取色素的溶剂。此外，苯的高毒性、致癌性，丙酮对眼睛的强刺激和损害，也影响了部分学生完成实验。针对这些问题，本人研制了无毒“提层试剂”，既能代替丙酮，又能代替“课本层析液”，一剂两…     

苄叉丙酮实验的改进

将薄层色谱技术应用于苄叉丙酮的合成实验，通过薄层色谱对合成反应过程的监控，增加了实验的探究性，提高了学生分析问题、解决问题的能力．     

含铂多金属催化剂的合成及其对甘油选择性催化氧化作用的研究

采用不同方法合成了一系列的贵金属Pt单金属及多金属催化剂．研究了它们对甘油选择性催化氧化反应的催化性质．催化荆9％Pt-5％Bi／C可以有效地将甘油选择性催化氧化成二羟基丙酮，当反应温度为55℃，反应时间为50h时，甘油全部转化，二羟基丙酮的产率为50．05％．     

关于叶绿素提取实验方法的改进

作者对叶绿素提取实验进行了改进。分别用洋槐、观赏碧桃、菠菜和芹菜叶片作为实验材料,用丙酮、乙醇作为提取溶剂对叶绿素进行提取并做含量测定。结果表明,四种材料中,洋槐叶片叶绿素含量最高。丙酮和乙醇对提取叶绿素含量影响差异不大,所以可以用乙醇代替丙酮提取叶绿素,既经济又无刺激性。     

丙酮酸及其盐的应用研究进展

丙酮是一种重要的有机酸，产品用途广泛，本文着重介绍了丙酮酸、丙酮酸钙的重要用途及生产方法。     

古希腊神话的文明性与中国先秦神话的原始性

通过对古希腊和中国先秦神话的叙事形式、神祗构形和发展路径的对比分析,我们发现造成二者独特的民族特色和相异性的原因,并不在于神话的种类或数量大小等方面,主要表现为古希腊神话的文明性和中国先秦神话的原始性。     

纸层析实验过程中废液的回收与纯化

无机纸层析实验过程中产生大量的丙酮废液,针对其直接分馏回收率低(21%),回收后残液达不到排放要求的问题,提出一种改进方法——溶盐分馏法。该方法根据废液含有强酸的特性,采用不同浓度的氢氧化钠中和废液中的酸,分别对酸碱中和产生的溶盐废液和盐沉淀过滤后的废液进行溶盐分馏和普通分馏。实验结果表明,溶盐分馏产品回收率达91%,纯度达99.52%,与普通分流相比,产品回收率平均提高8%,纯度提高0.39%。经估算,每回收500 ml丙酮相比委外加工处理节省实验费用约20元。     

湖南省经济振兴的启动机制探讨

用灰色关联度优势法，以总产值、农村经济、工业经济为经济指标，把湖南省和我国东部经济发达地区进行相关因素的横向分析和对比，找出制约湖南省经济的主导因素，并针对存在的问题提出了振兴湖南经济的战略措施。     

“蛛网理论”与农业持续稳定增长

“蛛网理论”是20世纪30年代西方出现的一种进行动态均衡分析的微观经济学理论。在需求弹性不变、经验管理、封闭市场等条件下,它所揭示的粮食供给量与粮食价格的循环波动关系,在我国农业生产实践中广泛存在。要克服这种循环波动关系,必须优化农业产品结构,促进农业产业化;依靠科技进步,改造传统农业,变经验管理为科学管理;形成统一、开放的市场体系;培育信息市场,加快农业管理的信息化;大力发展农产品期货交易市场,确保农业生产协调、稳定、持续地发展。     

THE EDUCATIONAL MEANING OF COMMUNAL LAUGHTER: ON THE EXPERIENCE OF CORPOREAL DEMOCRACY

In this article Joris Vlieghe, Maarten Simons, and Jan Masschelein attempt to articulate a new way of dealing with the public character of education. Instead of discussing laughter as an instrument that one could use to facilitate established educational goals, the authors provide an extensive analysis of the phenomenon of laughter as a specific form of corporeal behavior. Their analysis demonstrates that when we laugh, we give an answer to a disorienting situation, but this answer is not the product of intentional agency. Instead, it consists in the uncontrollable spasmodic contraction of our diaphragm and other impersonal and automatic corporeal reactions. We are thus exposed to an ultimate loss of self‐control. The authors argue further that communal laughter—that is, when the lack of mastery over our own lives becomes a shared experience—results in what they call a “democracy of the flesh.” In this state, it is no longer possible to stick to well‐defined positions, nor is it tenable to defend any hierarchical ordering, including the strict hierarchy we typically find in the context of schooling and education. Common laughter makes equals out of us and grants the possibility of an unforeseen and unimaginable future. For precisely this reason, the authors conclude, communal laughter might be considered as an educational event itself.     

异丙醇常压氧化制备过氧化氢反应研究

异丙醇常压氧化制备过氧化氢,操作方便、反应条件温和耳安全可靠.用空气作氧化剂成本低廉.开发出一条新的过氧化氢合成路线,副产重要化工产品丙酮,同时为异丙醇的开发利用找到了新的途径.     

THE DETERMINATION AND EVALUATION OF RESULTS IN THE STUDY PROCESS

Student assessment and grading schemes in higher education institutions should be adapted and applied in such a way that they stimulate students to achieve to the utmost of their abilities. It is not sufficient to simply give a grade to a student for a task accomplished or even to give him an average grade for a series of tasks accomplished during a given time period, a semester, for instance. Rather it is necessary to create an action framework of a kind which links the performance dynamic of both students and teachers so as to ensure the accurate determination, evaluation, and analysis of the joint student‐teacher performance behaviour in such a way that the individual procedures subject to evaluation can be grouped into joint procedures which stimulate self‐determination self‐evaluation, and self‐analysis on the part of students, teachers, and eventually, the employers of graduates. The authors have designed two models which illustrate optimum evaluation procedures of the kind which they favour.     

CONSUMING THE PUBLIC SCHOOL

In this essay David Labaree examines the tension between two competing visions of the purposes of education that have shaped American public schools. From one perspective, we have seen schooling as a way to preserve and promote public aims, such as keeping the faith, shoring up the republic, or promoting economic growth. From the other perspective, we have seen schooling as a way to advance the interests of individual educational consumers in the pursuit of social access and social advantage. In the first half of the essay Labaree shows the evolution of the public vision over time, from an emphasis on religious aims to political ones to economic ones and, finally, to an embrace of individual opportunity. In the second half, he shows how the consumerist vision of schooling has not only come to dominate in the rhetoric of school reform but also in shaping the structure of the school system.     

奇妙的Franklin半幻方造法揭秘及推广与调整

本文揭示了具有许多奇妙特性的两个Franklin半幻方造法的奥秘,给出了更一般的具有这些奇妙特性的半幻方的造法,并给出了将它们调整成幻方的方法。     

Josephus问题的动态图形演示

本大讨论了用动态图形方式演示求解Ｊｏｓｅｐｈｕｓ问题的原理和方法，该方法对如何在教学中使用ＣＡＩ技术提出了一个实例、本文同时给出了用Ｃ语言编制的Ｊｏｓｅｐｈｕｓ问题求解过程的动态图形演示ＣＡＩ软件。