建设社会主义和谐社会推进高校管理体制改革

在构建社会主义和谐社会的进程中,必须以整体和谐管理思想为指导,进一步深化高校管理体制改革。高校管理体制改革的基本任务是,重新定位高校的功能,重新建构高校内部权力分配与权力体系,重新认识高校教育绩效评价过程中的各种矛盾,重新探索地方院校发展速度与建设质量间的最佳模式。     

Adaptive leadership in school boards in Australia: an emergent model

When school boards are confronted with the challenge of unfamiliar, changing contexts, opportunities and governance responsibilities, they have to be able to respond appropriately. The research reported in this paper investigated the response of five Western Australian primary school boards to such situations. It analyses interview data from 49 board members on their roles and responsibilities using elements of Heifetz' framework of adaptive leadership, and explores the implications of these findings for the boards and their leaders. The findings reinforce the importance of the leader's role in choreographing the learning of the board members, and raise questions about the effect that the composition of boards may have on their capacities for strategic thinking. The paper concludes with a model of adaptive leadership appropriate for school boards, emphasising key elements that are necessary for sustained change.     

治理视角下高校住房制度改革的发展与举措

本文简要回顾了我国高校住房制度改革的目标、方式、原则和形式,并将我国高校住房制度改革历程划分为提出、探索及建设、过渡、加速发展与转型阶段。随着经济的发展,我国高校住房制度矛盾逐渐由计划与市场的制度冲突转变为管理与治理的冲突;改革的政策工具经历由行政指令到产权界定、货币工具到金融工具、信息管理工具到多维的治理工具的综合运用;我国高校住房制度改革的目标由住房商品化向追求住房及相关资源的合理利用为目标,以“善治”的原则为指导,开掘改革的多元动力,拓宽改革的多层模式,运用治理理念进行我国高校的住房制度改革工具的创新,推动改革的不断发展。     

The vice and virtue of conflict in boards: A longitudinal study into the effect of conflicts and cohesion on the task performance of supervisory school boards in the Netherlands

The increased diversity and autonomy of schools calls for a more professional approach to school governance. In response, attention has been directed to the structure of school boards in the Netherlands. However, previous research indicates that the effectiveness of governance is not so much about structure as it is about behaviour. Conflict, in particular, appears to be an important underexposed factor in the effective behaviour of school boards. In a longitudinal research design, a survey using Likert-scale items was distributed in 2016 and 2017 to executive directors of schools in the Netherlands to gauge their assessment of conflicts within the supervisory school board. Hierarchical regression analyses and moderator analyses were used to test the hypotheses. An increase in task-related conflicts were found to have a clear positive effect on the task performance of supervisory boards. An increase in numbers of relational conflicts had a negative effect on the control task performance, while an increase in process-related conflicts had a negative effect on the advisory task performance. The cohesion within a supervisory board proved to be an important moderator of the effect of task-related conflicts and relationship conflicts on the control task performance. The results from this research underline the need for a multidimensional conceptualisation of conflict in supervisory boards. The need for further research on the interaction between cohesion and conflicts is underscored. Boards should make room for substantive debate and even for the inevitable friction and irritation that is sometimes inherent in being effective in managing schools.     

Representation and conflict of interest among students on higher education governing boards

Student participation in higher education governance is commonplace in many countries around the globe. This participation can take many forms, but one prevalent form is through the inclusion of students as members of institutional governing boards, commonly called student trustees. This practice is not without critique with governance scholars often cautioning against student board membership. They cite the potential for student members to engage in representative behaviour, which may lead them to focus primarily on student issues or cast votes which may be in the best interest of themselves or their fellow students as the primary objection to student board members. This study of student trustees in the United States examines the extent to which these individuals engage in such behaviours, examining interactions between student board members and students at their institutions for signs of whether these oft states concerns have a basis in practice.     

Negotiating teacher professionalism: governmentality and education reform in Hong Kong

This research investigates how the Hong Kong state controls and disciplines the education sector through the regulation and manipulation of discourses. The authoritative narratives are that some schools are failing the students and parents for not being able to provide quality education, and that these schools are not subject to public scrutiny while spending public money. This article seeks to understand the role of such narratives in neoliberal politics and the marketisation of education which lead to governance in the form of initiatives in school quality assurance mechanism; how different actors (Education Bureau, Professional Teachers' Union and individual teachers) are involved in the process; how they negotiate this governance of education; how such governance transforms the self-perception of teachers as well as the perception of teachers by others; and how teachers interpret, appropriate and resist such discursive power.     

Exploring the dimensions of organizational assimilation: Creating and validating a measure

The purpose of this study was to create and validate a measure of organizational assimilation index. Organizational assimilation describes the interactive mutual acceptance of newcomers into organizational settings. Members from the advertising, banking, hospitality, university, nonprofit, and publishing industries participated in two phases of research. In the first phase, 13 interviewees suggested six dimensions of organizational assimilation: familiarity with others, organizational acculturation, recognition, involvement, job competency, and adaptation/role negotiation. The second phase involved analysis of a survey of 342 participants that appeared to validate the six dimensions. The OAI's construct validity was tested and supported through the use of three other scales. Job satisfaction and organizational identification related positively to assimilation, while propensity to leave related negatively.     

Time for curriculum reform: the case of mathematics

Mathematics education is rarely out of the policy spotlight in England. Over the last 10 years, considerable attention has been given to improving 14–19 mathematics curriculum pathways. In this paper we consider some of the challenges of enacting curriculum change by drawing upon evidence from our evaluation of the Mathematics Pathways Project (MPP). From 2004 to 2010 this project, which was directed by England's Qualifications and Curriculum Authority, aimed to improve the engagement, attainment and participation rates of 14- to 19-year-old learners of mathematics. Our particular focus is upon the temporal problems of piloting new curriculum and assessment and we draw on Lemke's discussion of timescales, heterochrony and the adiabatic principle to consider the interlocking and interference of various change processes.     

Overcoming resistance to change: PISA,school reform in Germany and the example of Lower Saxony

During the last 30?years, a new model of transnational educational governance including a specific knowledge production regime has been implemented. Its increasing national impact has caused enormous change within the German educational system. Particularly, the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Developments statistical reports and benchmarking procedures like the Programme for International Student Assessment have challenged the German system, which has usually been remarkably resistant to reform, and have pushed it towards fast and deep transformation. Demonstrated with the case of Lower Saxony, one of Germany’s largest states, effects of massive political uncertainty in terms of educational principles, rules of governance as well as school practice can be identified. They result in an increasing authorization of so-called agents of change who offer both knowledge production and education service to policy and school practice. In the case of Lower Saxony, the Bertelsmann Foundation has been such an agent of change. It supported school reform while heavily promoting the adoption of a new self-evaluation instrument called self-evaluation in schools, which not only measures school quality, but creates a new certainty by generating knowledge about what is perceived as being real within school practice. In the end, there seems to be evidence that both the teacher profession and the classroom practice are made susceptible – not only to this new reality, but also to a new leadership.     

国有企业产权改革研究

改革开放以来,国有企业改革一直是中国经济体制改革的焦点,本文主要从国有企业改革存在的问题入手,总结出20多年以来国有企业改革的经验与教训,并以此为鉴,探索国有企业改革的切实可行的途径:主要是完善国有企业产权制度,理清产权,完善公司治理结构,力求在社会稳定的基础上不断推进、深化国有企业改革。     

工作场所乐趣与组织绩效的关系研究

工作场所乐趣能够对员工的工作态度、工作行为产生积极影响,进而有利于组织绩效的提高。我国企业中工作场所乐趣的实际运用程度和员工对工作场所乐趣的认知情况直接影响员工的工作热情进而影响组织绩效,研究工作场所乐趣对改善组织绩效有重大意义。     

The role of memorable messages in the process of organizational socialization

This study examines the structure, form, and nature of the content and context of memorable messages exchanged within an organization. Based on the work of Knapp, Stohl and Reardon (1981) an analysis of interviews conducted within a small company indicates that all members were able to recall precisely a specific message which had a lasting influence on their work lives. The messages capsulized how one “should” behave in the organization and functioned to assimilate individuals into the work culture. The socializing and memorable nature of the messages were enhanced by several recurrent features in their form and structure, the receptivity of the respondent, the content, and the context.     

组织内部营销:高职院校内部治理的范式转型与技术进路

在经济全球化与信息科技时代,高职院校治理系统受到前所未有的冲击。由于外部生态系统的经济与社会关系网络问责和内部生态系统的自组织分权参与诉求,传统的院校线性治理模式无法对高职院校外部生态更迭给出即时性信息回馈与系统性解决方案,迫切需要引入新的院校治理范式,即组织内部营销治理范式。内部营销理论与高职院校治理变革在内核上具有高度契合性,具有把握院校治理本质与引领治理变革动向的价值,能够揭示高职院校治理变革过程中混沌与复杂现象的生成机理及规律。组织内部营销强调教师乃高职院校多重困境的"最佳解决方案",高度重视教师在院校发展和治理中的地位,通过建制高效的内部治理通路和建构统合性人力资源策略,激发教师参与院校治理的动力。技术进路层面,高职院校通过为教师群体实施教育训练、凝聚沟通、管理支持、激励鼓舞和参与授权等内部营销策略,有助于提升高职院校竞争力、达成院校治理变革目标。     

The influence of organizational image on college selection: what students seek in institutions of higher education

Colleges and universities rely on their image to attract new members. This study focuses on the decision-making process of students preparing to apply to college. High school students were surveyed at college open houses to identify the factors most influential to their college application decision-making. A multi-methods analysis found that institutional characteristics were more influential than interpersonal or informational resources used by students. More specific results revealed that size, housing, and knowing someone who attended a school predicted students' views of the school's atmosphere. Key findings are discussed and recommendations offered to address issues related to organizational image.     

The diversity of school organizational configurations

School reform on a large scale has largely been unsuccessful. Approaches designed to document and understand the variety of organizational conditions that comprise our school systems are needed so that reforms can be tailored and results scaled. Therefore, this article develops a configurational framework that allows a systematic analysis of many school organizational forms. The approach is adapted from the logic of Charles Ragin's comparative method and qualitative comparative analysis; it allows researchers to analyse many schools while still preserving them as holistic entities. Each school is depicted as a particular constellation of coordination and control elements, and these configurations are linked to important instructional patterns. To demonstrate the approach, data on the elementary schools in the Chicago Public School (CPS) system are analysed. The distribution of the different configurations that comprise CPS is documented, and multiple regressions of the configurations indicate their varied instructional patterns. The results show that CPS schools exhibit a wide variety of organizational configurations, and these different configurations vary in patterned ways with respect to instructional coherence and academic achievement. Implications for tailoring reform efforts to distinct groups of schools so that results can be scaled are discussed.     

学校改革的机制与模式:组织行为学的观点

学校是一种组织性存在，学校发生的变革有其组织行为学的机制：适应 性和选择性。由于这种机制，学校变革表现为三种模式：渗透模式、政策模式和自愿模式。     

高等学校金融学教学改革的探讨

在世界科技发展日新月异的今天,金融学的教学应该紧跟时代的步伐。但这个问题在我国理论界并没有引起高度的重视。本从金融学教学改革的必要性和理论依据入手,提出了金融学教学改革的基本思路。     

高校组织结构设计问题与对策思考

组织结构是影响高校发展的重要因素,在高校的快速发展进程中,为适应环境的变化,应该设计有机模式的组织结构,建立学习型组织,从结构维度、部门设置和控制幅度三个要素着手,构建合理的组织结构,实现高校的科学发展。     

新课改背景下的高校羽毛球教学改革探索

羽毛球运动越来越被大家所接纳与喜爱,新课改环境下,羽毛球运动逐渐融入到了高校体育教学课堂这个大熔炉中,那么,高校应该如何有效地进行羽毛球运动的教学活动的开展,并且努力探索改革羽毛球教学的具体有效的措施,本文将作出相关解析