钢结构建巩工程施工上需要注意的几个问题

钢结构工程优势点钢结构作为一种承重结构,与钢筋混凝土结构比具有高、大、轻的独特优势.钢结构优点是重量轻、强度高、塑性、韧性好,抗震性能优越.工业装配化程度高,安装容易,施工周期短,综合经济效益显著,造型美观.污染小.符合绿色建筑.材质均匀和力学计算的假定比较符合.     

中国实蕨属的分类修订

对实蕨属Bolbitis的17种植物的孢子进行了扫描电镜观察。根据孢子周壁特征,中国产实蕨属的孢子明显可分为3种类型：A型孢子具网状周壁,B型孢子具鸡冠状-波状周壁,C型孢子具平滑的波状周壁。孢子周壁特征、叶脉式样和叶片顶部的形态是实蕨属中最有价值的分类学性状。根据标本检查,结合野外调查和孢子形态观察,对中国产实蕨属的分类进行了修订,确定中国有实蕨属植物20种和3杂交种,其中包括2个新组合B. fengiana (Ching) S. Y. Dong和B. medogensis (Ching & S. K. Wu) S. Y. Dong,以及2个中国新分布B. costata Ching ex C. Chr.和B. hookeriana K. Iwats.。将B. latipinna Ching、B. media Ching & Chu H. Wang、B. yunnanensis Ching、Egenolfia crassifolia Ching、E. crenata Ching & P. S. Chiu、E. fengiana Ching、E. medogensis Ching & S. K. Wu和E. ×yunnanensis Ching & P. S. Chiu等8个名称处理为新异名。文中给出了分种检索表、每个种的生境和分布资料、大多数种的特征集要和孢子扫描电镜照片。     

大国之路上的价值迷茫

100多年来.中国怀着大国之梦艰难地挣扎行进.在这之前的很多个世纪.中国是世界上第一号大国.我们祖先的生产水平、经济水平、技术水平、文化水平都是世界第一,中华文明的光辉照耀周边地区.引起远方人的羡慕和崇拜,中华帝国一度如日中天.使得四海臣服、八方来朝.     

ICANN批准开放新顶级域 国际域名格局突變

2011年6月20日,在新加坡召开的ICANN(国际域名与IP地址分配组织)特别会议上,ICANN董事会以13票赞同,2票弃权,1票反对正式通过了开放新顶级域的计划。据此,ICANN将从2012年1月12日起受理新顶级域申请,至2012年4月12日停止受理申请。据ICANN官方介绍,预计到明年底,将会增加近干个顶级域,如:.sHop、.green、.toys、.Hotel、.berlin、.apple、ibm、.cannon等用各种关键词作后缀的新顶级域(包括不     

关于我国集成电路产业进入良性循环的建议

微电子技术是当今世界发展高技术的不可缺少的基础.没有微电子技术,几乎所有其它高技术都难以发展.微电子产业是国民经济和国防建设的基础产业之一.它是我国发展农业、能源、交通、通讯、主要原材料等和改造传统产业所不可缺少的.集成电路是微电子技术和产业的核心.集成电路在我国大量应用是不可避免的,也是不可代替的.像超大规模集成电路这样的高技术是买不到,引不进的.发展集成电路必须主要依靠自己的力量.我国要独立自主、自力更生地发展国民经济,非发展集成电路不可.在我国,发展集成电路这件事,在高技     

浅谈制造虚假会计信息行为的法律责任及治理

制造虚假会计信息行为的责任,实际上就是对违法会计行为施以何种制裁的问题,即"否定的法律评价"是国家强制责任人补偿和救济受到伤害的合法利益的手段.制造虚假会计信息行为的法律责任的形式有三种第一种是民事责任,它主要包括公开谴责、通报、批评、罚款、市场禁入、禁业、吊销职业证书等.针对民事赔偿问题,目前无依据可循.第二种是刑事责任,刑事处罚一般也不会超过5年的有期徒刑.第三种行政责任.它包括警告、记过、记大过、降级、开除、罚款等.制造虚假会计信息行为的治理也是一项系统工程.需要加强法律建设,使各种财经法律更具有科学性.需要加大执法力度,需要加强对会计工作的管理及对会计人员的职业道德教育.总之需要社会各有关部门及单位内部齐抓共管,相互协调和监督,只有这样才能为我国的经济发展创造良好的信息环境.     

论我国自然生态区划及其大农业的发展(I)

自然界中的气候、土壤、水分、植物、动物等之间是相互联系、相互制约的.大农业包括植物和动物生产.动植物依靠着一定的气候、土壤、水分而生活,反过来,气、土、水也受着生物特别是植物的影响.动物吃植物或草食动物,没有植物就没有动物.动物直接或间接地又影响着植物的生长.所以它们之间的相互生态关系是错综复杂的.自然生态区划的目的就是根据     

实理班级管理最优化目标的几点思考

实现班级管理最优化是班主任们追求的目标.笔者认为需要做好以下四点1、提高职业修养,完善自身形象,树立班主任高威信.2、把班级交给学生,实现班级自治管理.3、制订并执行好班级管理制度.4、树立系统管理意识,全面调控班级.     

1989年逝世的学部委员

乐森(王寻)(1899—1989),地质学和古生物学家.地学部委员.北京大学地质系主任、教授.贵州贵阳人.1924年北京大学地质学系毕业,1936年获德国马尔堡大学哲学博士学位.解放前后历任贵州矿产测勘团主任,西南地质调查所副所长,西南军政委员会文化教育委员,重庆大学地质系教授兼教研室主任、系主任,北京大学地质地理系主任,全国地层委员会委员,中国地质学会副理事长,第五届和第六届全国政协委员.抗战期间对贵州省的煤、铁、汞、铜、锰.金等矿产有很多发现.解放前后在广东、广西、贵州和江西等省从事地质矿产调查,对广西合山的二叠系煤田、西湾的侏罗系煤田、武宣的泥盆     

基于.NET 平台的政府部门类网站的设计与实现

ASP.NET 是新一代 Web 应用程序开发平台,它是一个已编译的、基于.NET 的开发环境,它提供了生成企业级应用程序所必需的全部服务,基于.NETFramework生成,整个框架都可用于任何ASP.NET应用程序.可以使用任何与公共语言运行库(CLR)兼容的语言(包括 VisualBasic.NET、C#和 JScript .NET)来创建应用程序.本课题利用 ASP.NET 及 ADO.NET 技术构建完整的政府部门网站.网站以ACCESS 作为后台数据库,有效地利用存储过程,提高了网站的访问效率和 SQL 语句的执行效率.通过使用 ASP.NET 和 IIS 的安全模型的认证,提高了网站访问的安全性.经过技术、经济、可行性等方面的验证,可以满足本课题的设计要求     

The Role of Intermediating Institutions in the Diffusion of Electronic Data Interchange (EDI): How Industry Associations Intervened in Denmark, Finland, and Hong Kong

Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies.     

Prevalence of soft neurological signs in Chinese people

Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen, a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology, has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology.     

Students' Reactions to the Introduction of Videoconferencing for Classroom Instruction

This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors.     

中国叶下珠亚科植物资料

The present paper is part of taxonomic study on Chinese Phyllanthoideae. Inclu- ded in it are two new varieties, Leptopus esquirolii var. villosus and Drypetes hainanensis var. longistipitata, one new combination, Glochidion triandrum var. siamense, and seven new re- cords in China: Drypetes salicifolia, D. hoaensis. Actephila subsessilis, Glochidion khasicum, G. nubigennum, Bridelia spiosa and B. poilanei.  In addition, seventeen taxon names are new- ly reduced: Liodendron formosanum = Drypetes formosana, Liodendron matsumurae = Dry- petes matsumurae, D. longipes = D. indica, Antidesma paxii = A. acidum, A. hiiranense, A. filipes and A. pentandrum var. hiiranense = A. japonicum, A. calvescens = A. montanum, A. microphyllum = A. venosum, Breynia stipitata var.  formosana and B. jormosana  =  B. vitis-idaea, Glochidion zeylanicum var. tomentosum = G. hirsutum, G. rubidulum = G. thom- sonii, G. acuminatum = G. triandrum, G. fagifolium and Phyllanthus fagifolius = Gloc- hidion sphaerogynum, Bridelia penangiena = B. insulana, B. henryana = B. tomentosa.  All the types are kept in SCBl and PE.     

Rough Justice: A Statistical Assessment of ICANN's Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy

Long-standing conflict between domain name registrants and trademark holders prompted the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) to create a global, mandatory arbitration procedure known as the Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy (UDRP). The UDRP has been used in 2166 cases involving 3938 domain names as of 1 November 2000. The policy gives the initiator of a complaint, generally a trademark holder, the right to choose which ICANN-accredited dispute resolution service provider (RSP) will handle the case. During the preparation of the UDRP,some feared that complainant selection would lead to "forum shopping" that might bias the results. This article performs a statistical assessment of the forum-shopping thesis and finds support for it. There are statistically significant differences in the various RSPs' propensity to take away names from defendants; there are also major differences in the number of cases brought to each RSP. RSPs who take away names have the larger share of cases. The study examines other variables that might explain differences in market share, such as price, the plaintiff's nationality, or the time taken to decide a case. It finds that nationality and time also are correlated with market share. The study concludes that shopping for a favorable outcome is an important factor in the UDRP.     

How LINCs Were Made: Alignment and Exclusion in American Medical Informatics

Electronic computers in information systems are often seen as "ready-to-use" technology, which simply becomes applied to certain domains. This article explores the sociotechnical processes involved in the development of information systems by studying two cases of medical informatics, the Laboratory Instrument Computer (LINC) and a medical information system at a hospital. They show that information systems have from the beginning been a result of multiple alignment processes between the relevant actors, among which are users, developers, and the technology itself. The first case reveals that information systems are successful when actors become aligned and coordinated across boundaries. This alignment includes user interfaces as well as parts and components of the computer. The second case exhibits disalignment between relevant actors, which leads to an unstable information system. The two mechanisms are found coexisting in medical informatics.     

How Electronic Publishers are Protecting Against Piracy: Doubts About Technical Systems of Protection

The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means.     

Optimized frequency-based foundation design for wind turbine towers utilizing soil-structure interaction

This study illustrates design optimization for multiple wind towers located at different villages in Alaska. The towers are supported by two different types of foundations: large mat or deep piles foundations. Initially, a reinforced concrete (RC) mat foundation was proposed. Where soil conditions required it, a pile foundation solution was devised utilizing a 30 in thick RC mat containing an embedded steel grillage of W18 beams and supported by 20-24 in grouted or un-grouted piles. For faster installation and lower construction cost, all-steel foundations were proposed for these remote Alaska sites. The new all-steel design was found to reduce the natural frequencies of the structural system due to softening the foundation. Thus, the tower-foundation system could potentially become near-resonant with the operational frequencies of the wind turbine. Consequently, the likelihood of structural damage or even the collapse is increased.A detailed 3D finite-element model of the tower-foundation-pile system with RC foundation was created using SAP2000. Soil springs were included in the model based on soil properties obtained from the geotechnical investigation. The natural frequency from the model was verified against the tower manufacturer analytical and experimental values. When piles were used, numerous iterations were carried out to eliminate the need for the RC and optimize the design. An optimized design was achieved with enough separation between the natural and operational frequencies. The design successfully avoids damage to the structural system, while eliminating the need for any RC in most cases.     

文化的困惑与思考

文明是文化的静态表现形式,文明之忧思的实质是文化之困惑.两种典型的哲学文化理解都有其局限和不足.由对文化定义和功能的分析可见,有序是文化的基本特征,文化是社会秩序之源.社会生活中的各种无序现象和行为从性质上看不是文化现象而是反文化现象.反文化现象的发生有其内在根据.思想史上,对反文化的警惕与质疑作为文化之困惑由来已久,当下更是有深入思考的必要与可能.     

广东竹类新植物

Six new taxa of the Bambusoideae are described from Guangdong Pro- vince, China. They are Indosasa suavis W. T. Lin et Z. J. Feng, Phyllostachys purpureomaculata W. T. Lin et Z. J. Feng, Arundinaria quadrangula W. T. Lin et Z.  J.  Feng,  A.  pubiannula W.  T.  Lin et Z.  J.  Feng,  Gelidocalamus albopubescens W. T. Lin et Z. J. Feng, and Sasa duplicata W. T. Lin et Z. J.Feng.