美国大学治理制度的演变与启示

美国是目前国际上高等教育最发达的国家之一,也是大学治理制度建设相对最完善的国家之一。美国大学治理制度中的权力关系经历了由早期的行政权力占主导地位到学术权力日益凸显的发展演变过程,最终形成了如今共同治理理念下的学术权力与行政权力均衡匹配的模式。在对大学治理的本原性质与治理要义认知的基础上,提出要明晰大学制度与国家制度、大学与政府的职能和关系;通过综合治理调动积极的学术要素,进一步强化学术权威;要因地制宜,避免盲目照搬。这对提高我国大学治理的绩效有重要的理论和现实价值。     

论我国大学组织多元权力体制的构建

政党权力、行政权力和学术权力是我国大学组织的三种主要权力形态。本文提出要妥善处理政党权力与行政权力的关系,建立起小政府、大社会理念下的大学组织多元权力配置模式,以及三权相互制衡的大学治理结构;同时,要进一步强化学术权力规制体系,形成以学术自由为基础的大学学术氛围。     

高校学术组织和行政组织的相互依赖与权力平衡

正确处理学术权力和行政权力的关系是完善高校内部治理结构的关键。教育规划纲颁布后,"行政力量对学术力量的过度干预"、"克服行政化倾向"等话题再次成为讨论的焦点,更引发大学管理者和学者关于"如何协调高校内部权力关系、优化高校治理结构"的理性思考。本文主要是从资源依赖的视角,分     

大学治理中的权力体系解析与重构

完善大学治理、建立现代大学制度,面临着权力体系的重构。大学治理包含来自大学内外的多种影响力因素,其中有的具有权力特性,有的并不具有权力特性。我国大学治理的权力体系,主要由学术权力、行政权力和政治权力构成。权力体系的重构,要合理配置权力空间,合理配置权力结构;要明晰三项权力的定位;要妥善处理三项权力之间的关系。     

治理视角下我国大学行政权力与学术权力的调整与重塑

推进大学治理改革是我国大学改革的战略方向。在现代大学治理中,学术权力和行政权力是不可或缺的组成部分。我国大学治理中存在行政权力扩张而学术权力弱化的失衡局面。这种状况的出现有历史和现实的多重原因。我国大学治理改革要确立以学术权力为核心的现代大学治理体系。提升学术权力在大学治理体系中的作用,需要通过提升学术机构的地位、加强大学法治规章建设、培育以学术精神为核心的现代大学精神等三个方面来实现。     

论高校的政治权力与"去行政化"

高校政治权力是高等教育与整个国家、社会相互作用的表现之一,是国家权力、市场力量和学术权威三股掌控大学命运的势力之中国家权力的具体体现,是目前高校存在和发展的本质特征之一.通过辨析高校政治权力与行政权力,探讨政治权力、行政权力和学术权力的关系;在此基础上思考高校"行政化"和"去行政化"的问题,得出了高校"去行政化"的理性逻辑和现实选择.     

大学治理中的行政权力:价值逻辑、中国语境与治理边界

针对理论上对大学行政权力范畴的认知差异,本文对大学治理中的行政权力进行了解构.研究认为,大学行政权力的价值逻辑在于学术人员(或教师)对“学术本位”回归的诉求.与国外相比,中国语境下的大学行政权力不但包含了与职位相联系的制度化了的“行政管理权力”,还将政治权力、政府权力以及部分学术权力内化其中,几种权力在大学内部交织在一起,构成了中国语境下的大学行政权力生态.大学行政权力的纵向治理边界可界定为学校层面的行政权力制度设计,横向治理边界可表述为学校层面上的相对于学术权力的行政权力的范围.大学治理要秉承“一切基于学术、一切为了学术、一切由学术引导”的动态整体的“学术性行政”的治理理念.     

大学治理结构与教育质量保障机制关系探析

大学治理结构分行政权力主导型、学术权力主导型和市场权力主导型。文章探讨大学治理结构之于高等教育质量保障机制的效应关系和高等教育质量保障机制之于大学治理结构的选择关系。同时依据高校内部不同权力类型特征,提出"全员参与三权协作"的大学治理新模式。     

“教授治学”的内涵及落实路径

现代大学制度中的"教授治学"与传统的"教授治学"内涵迥然不同。在大学治理背景下,"教授治学"主要是指具有较高教学科研水平及学术管理水平的教师代表,在学术领域切实行使学术权力,进行学术管理的一种大学理念和治理结构。其具体落实路径包括:厘清大学中的政治权力、行政权力与学术权力关系;建立健全教授委员会等专门的学术性委员会制度;制定完善相关法律法规;制定教授的严格任职条件和遴选程序等。     

权力博弈下高校柔性治理路径研究

高校治理是近年来高等教育研究领域的一个重要课题。治理的关键是处理不同权力之间的矛盾和冲突。大学法令的缺位、政府的超级博弈地位、原有制度的路径依赖以及权力不同的性质导致行政权力和学术权力两大核心权力之间矛盾产生是主要成因。因此,可以通过健全大学法令、引入公司治理模式、配置学术权力主导的权力结构、建立柔性化的服务型行政管理体系等路径,以构建高校柔性治理机制。     

卡思卡特城堡

It is worthy of noting that, whilst Crookston Castle witnessed the earlier and happier portion of Mary's variegated life,     

不同的吃喝玩乐

一、吃和喝吃苹果 eat an apple, 吃药 take medicine,吃糖 have some sweets,吃饭 have one's meals,吃馆子 dine out,吃惊 be surprised/     

漏洞百出的教育

Many college freshmen arrive woefully unprepared to do college work, and as disadvantaged populations continue to grow, the share of the American work force that has made it through college is expected to plummet. Many experts blame that educational failure not just on high schools but also on colleges. School & College, a special report by The Chronicle, looks at efforts to fix the system. What reforms would better prepare students for college? What should schools and colleges be doing differently? How should state and federal officials help?     

只要努力,不要后悔

There are numbers of crossroads on our long and unpredictable life journey where we totally have no idea about which direction to choose. No matter what our decision is, we should not turn back, but face the music and go ahead instead. I am this kind of girl who always does try without regretting, one example is how I dealt with my love.     

浅谈移民问题

Migration occurs behind a variety of reasons and has a great effect on the whole world. People may migrate in order to improve their economic situation, or in order to escape civil strife, persecution, and environmental disasters. The impact of migration is complex, bringing both benefits anddisadvantages. This paper briefly talks about the causes of migration, the allocation of benefits, and the ways in which individual countries and the international community deal with this important subject.     

Sister Carrie, an Adherent of Desires

Sister Carrie is one of the most controversial characters in American literature.Thought as a "fallen woman" firstly,she was defined as a "new woman" by some critics later. However, by digging into the motivaton behind the whole process of Carrie's "success", the relationship between Carrie and her creator (the author), the social conditions of then American, it can be found that Carrie has never been free-standing on her thought and she has never found her real-sdf even after becoming a famous actress. In a society dominated by mass consumerism Carrie is only an adherent of her own desires. She also is a representative of all those country girls flooded into cities, a symbol and a sacrifice of the urbanization of America in a time countryside was overcome by cities.     

Improvement of one-cycle controller by use of proportional integral differential controller

1.IntroductionOne-cyclecontrolmethod,whichwasproposedaboutonedecadeago[1],hasbecomeanattractivemethodinspecialfieldssuchaspowerfactorcorrection[2-6],switchingamplifiers[7,8],etc.Themainideaofthiscontrollerisbasedonintegrationofdiodevoltageinone-cycleandforcesittobeexactlyequaltothereferencevalue.Themainadvantageofthiscontrollerisitsrealtimeabilitytorejectthevariationofinputvoltage[1].Despitethisgreatability,ithasnogoodperformancesinrejectingofloaddisturbanceandfollowingreferencecommands.Espec…     

库克斯顿城堡

城堡, 是欧洲典型的建筑之一, 每个城堡都有一个美丽的传说或是一段历史。从本期开始, 我们将推出“城堡之旅”, 带各位读者去浏览、观赏欧洲各地的城堡, 开始一段文化与历史的旅途!     

The Reader Response Approach to Teaching of English Literature

During interview with English majors, it was found that a majority of students expressed disappointment with their experience of English literature classes. Students' dislike of learning English literature appears to be the major problem of teaching English literature in China. Reader response approach is a good way to solve this problem. In this paper, I explain the rationale behind the reader response approach, such as its origin, definition, features, assumptions, and strategies. Then I illustrate how reader response approach works as a teaching strategy by presenting several teaching models. At last I evaluate its usefuiness for teachers and present the advantages of reader response approach in Chinese context.