兔腓肠肌在重复电脉冲刺激下的肌张力特性

通过不同强度、不同频率的重复脉冲电流,对家兔的胫神经进行电刺激,用生物材料试验机记录腓肠肌的肌张力。实验结果显示:肌张力与脉冲电流频率呈正相关关系,而肌张力随刺激电流强度的增加并不明显。     

重剑弓箭步腿部肌肉用力特征的肌电分析

本研究运用表面肌电与摄像同步技术分析重剑弓箭步腿部肌肉的用力特征,为运动训练和教学提供理论依据。结果表明：出弓箭步的强度和加速度取决于后腿,股四头肌和腓肠肌是主要用力肌肉;前腿肌肉发力阶段和形式不同,股直肌、胫骨前肌在前腿肌肉中贡献较大。弓箭步还原,重心上升、身体后撤推动力来自前腿,股内外侧肌是主要用力肌群;后腿用力相对前腿较小。后腿还原积极起到支撑体重、减轻前腿负担的重要作用。     

两只眼睛为什么总会步调一致?

这就要从眼睛的结构上说起。在每只眼睛的外面,分布着六条起着不同作用的肌肉。上面一条叫上直肌,使眼睛上移:下面一条叫下直肌,将眼睛向下拉;在眼睛内侧的叫内直肌,使眼睛靠近鼻侧;在眼睛外侧     

肌电信号的样本熵分析

基于肌肉在运动和处于不同状态时,其运动神经系统的动力学运动复杂性程度会出现差异,体表肌电信号也会产生变化。本文通过分析健康者,肌源性损伤和神经源性损伤患者的肌电信号,发现使用样本熵这样一个非线性动力学特征参数可以分析这几种肌电信号的特性。经实验验证样本熵能很好的把神经源性损伤肌电信号与其他两种区分开来,为肌电图的临床辅助诊断提供有力的依据。     

网络信息生态链形成的主要标志与发育过程

在借鉴现有研究成果的基础上,文章主要探讨了网络信息生态链形成的主要标志与发育过程.网络信息生态链形成的主要标志是,有一定数量的不同功能的网络信息主体、网络信息主体间的关系已具雏形、能实现基本的信息流转;其发育过程包括简单网络信息流转链的形成,网络信息流转链的扩展延伸,链式依存关系的建立以及信息流转功能的完备4个阶段.     

浅谈田径运动足肌闭合性损伤的防治

足肌力量的大小和柔韧性的优劣,在田径运动中起着至关重要的作用,如果不重视对足肌损伤的预防,足肌的损伤会时常发生,将直接影响田径运动水平的提高。作者根据几年来的初步探索,对防治足肌闭合性损伤的问题进行了分析。     

子宫腺肌症的超声诊断分析

目的：探讨子宫腺肌病的病因、临床及声像图表现。方法：回顾128例患者就孕产史、手术史、有无痛经、月经过多等进行分析讨论。结果：128例患者中均有孕产史。128例中,8例有子宫手术史,78例有一次或多次流产或人工流产史,30例有清宫史,5例有多产史,7例无明确宫腔操作史。128例中97例有不同程度痛经,20例伴有月经过多,11例偶有下腹不适。结论：子宫腺肌病多见于育龄妇女,尤其是多产妇女以及有流产、人工流产等宫腔操作史的妇女,超声诊断简便易行。     

基于网络效应的高新技术产业技术标准形成机制研究

标准竞争是市场竞争的高级形态,也是具有网络效应产品竞争的主要方式。与传统产业不同,具有网络效应特征的高新技术产品在其技术标准化过程和市场竞争中,网络效应发挥重要作用,标准的网络效应使其市场价值会随着用户基数的扩大而增加,从而影响高新技术产业技术标准竞争的结果。中国作为发展中大国,基于其庞大的消费者基础,可以发挥其国内标准的大国效应,取得国际标准竞争的有利地位。     

运动员神经损伤萎缩后器械心理混合恢复方法

运动员运动神经损伤后,会导致运动神经部位肌肉萎缩,运动员伤后恢复的关键是防止肌肉萎缩,使神经部位肌肉得到营养,治愈肌营养不良症。提出了器械心理混合再生疗法治疗肌营养不良症,从而最终治愈运动员由神经损伤而导致的肌肉萎缩。根据受伤运动员的不同肌肉萎缩病症,采用运动器械辅助、减少运动量、改变训练部位、结合心理治疗等步骤,以达到治疗目的。该方法在2010年1月至2011年12月对112例由于运动神经损伤造成的肌营养不良受伤运动员,进行自身治疗前后对照研究,观察使用器械心理混合再生疗法12个月后受伤运动员的徒手肌力、MBI以及FMA变化。实验结果表明:使用器械心理混合再生疗法后69.6%的受伤运动员肌力有所改善,生活活动能力和下肢运动功能有所提高,本方法具有一定的实际应用价值。     

对《创新网络17年研究文献述评》的进一步述评——技术创新网络的定义、形成与分类

技术创新网络方面的研究已成为技术创新领域关注的重点.但现有研究对技术创新网络的基本特征等方面的表述并不一致.在刘兰剑、司春林的论文<创新网络17年研究文献述评>的基础上,结合现有的其他研究,从定义(包括与其他网络组织的区别)、形成与分类三个方面对技术创新网络进行了进一步的分析,为后续相关研究中对技术创新网络进行统一的表述提供了依据.     

Students' Reactions to the Introduction of Videoconferencing for Classroom Instruction

This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors.     

Cooler temperatures inductive to locust outbreaks

Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007.     

Exploring Multiplexity: Social Network Structures in a Computer-Supported Distance Learning Class

A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction.     

The Role of Intermediating Institutions in the Diffusion of Electronic Data Interchange (EDI): How Industry Associations Intervened in Denmark, Finland, and Hong Kong

Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies.     

How Electronic Publishers are Protecting Against Piracy: Doubts About Technical Systems of Protection

The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means.     

Rough Justice: A Statistical Assessment of ICANN's Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy

Long-standing conflict between domain name registrants and trademark holders prompted the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) to create a global, mandatory arbitration procedure known as the Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy (UDRP). The UDRP has been used in 2166 cases involving 3938 domain names as of 1 November 2000. The policy gives the initiator of a complaint, generally a trademark holder, the right to choose which ICANN-accredited dispute resolution service provider (RSP) will handle the case. During the preparation of the UDRP,some feared that complainant selection would lead to "forum shopping" that might bias the results. This article performs a statistical assessment of the forum-shopping thesis and finds support for it. There are statistically significant differences in the various RSPs' propensity to take away names from defendants; there are also major differences in the number of cases brought to each RSP. RSPs who take away names have the larger share of cases. The study examines other variables that might explain differences in market share, such as price, the plaintiff's nationality, or the time taken to decide a case. It finds that nationality and time also are correlated with market share. The study concludes that shopping for a favorable outcome is an important factor in the UDRP.     

Prevalence of soft neurological signs in Chinese people

Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen, a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology, has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology.     

Monoculture Rubber Plantations Have Negative Ef ects on Controlling Splash Erosion

<正>In Xishuangbanna,one of China’s most biodiverse regions,landscape has changed dramatically during the past three decades due to the conversion of tropical rainforest to rubber plantations.In steep areas,terraces are often constructed before planting rubber trees,which causes two important changes in the soil:the destabilization of soil in the bench terraces and the increased vulnerability of unvegetated riser faces to erosion.Few studies have documented the nature and intensity of erosion on bench terraces.Prof.LIU Wenjie and his colleagues from the Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden(XTBG)conducted a study in Menglun County(21°5′39″N,101°15′55″E),Xishuangbanna to evaluate the influence     

Chinese Scientists Use Earth Observation Technologies to Study and Protect Wild Camels

<正>Chinese scientists plan to apply Earth Observation technologies to protect the critically endangered wild camels(Camelus ferus).With the help of remote sensing,satellite positioning,geographical information system and wireless sensors networks,they will be able to access the distribution and population of the wild camels and protect their habitats.The project will be carried out by the International Research Center for Wild Camel Conservation,which was jointly established earlier this year by the Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth(RADI)of the Chinese     

More than Skin Deep – Understand Skin Biology by Means of Dermatogenomics

<正>The Paul Gerson Unna Research Group on Dermatogenomics was founded in October 2012 at the Partner Institute for Computational Biology.The ultimate goal of the group is to understand the biology of skin and skin appendages.