Political Talk Radio and Values: Finding Support for the Two-Value Political Ideology Model

This study found support for the Schwartz (1994) Schwartz, S. H. 1994. Are there universal aspects in the structure and contents of human values?. Journal of Social Issues, 50(4): 19–46. [Crossref], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar] two-value political ideology model in relation to political talk radio (PTR) program choice. People who listened to liberal PTR hosts were found to be associated with “universalism.” People who listened to conservative PTR hosts were found to be associated with “security.” Additional values were also found to be associated with listening to liberal and conservative PTR hosts. In addition, discriminant analysis was used to develop a model which could predict PTR listening based on audience values. These findings add to the understanding of the uses and gratifications of listening to political talk radio.     

When Oprah Intervenes: Political Correlates of Daytime Talk Show Viewing

This study examined the influence of daytime talk shows on opinion formation. Using agenda-setting and cultivation perspectives, it was hypothesized that both exposure to daytime talk shows and the apparent reality of these shows would be positively related to support for government involvement in social issues. In addition to exposure and apparent reality being positively related to levels of support, it was also found that both talk show exposure and respondent's reported perception of the apparent reality of television played a moderating role in the relationship between political ideology and support for government involvement in family issues. This study demonstrated that daytime talk shows can play a significant role in public opinion formation.     

Americans' Exposure to Political Talk Radio and Their Knowledge of Public Affairs

Talk radio could help citizens obtain information to make reasoned political judgments. The 7 996 and 7 998 National Election Studies show that exposure to talk radio is not significantly related to political knowledge when other social-psychological factors are controlled. The finding that listening is not significantly linked to political knowledge may be explained by the fact that only a third of the public listens to talk radio and that these programs are entertainment driven by economic forces.     

Evaluating Multiple Intensively Collected Media Use Measures: Validity and Reliability of Momentary Assessments

Momentary assessment data collection methods can capture information about constructs that vary greatly throughout the day. The Measuring Youth Media Exposure methodology implemented multiple momentary measures of media use in addition to a time use diary (TUD), allowing evaluation of the convergent and divergent validity of these momentary assessment methodologies relative to the TUD. This article presents the reliability and validity of momentary questionnaires and momentary video recordings of media use in relation to conventional TUD using an adaptation of the multi–trait-multi-method matrix. Both momentary measures show good reliability as well as convergent and discriminant validity for assessing TV, video game, computer, and cell phone use in adolescents relative to the TUD.     

Seriously Entertained: Antecedents and Consequences of Hedonic and Eudaimonic Entertainment Experiences With Political Talk Shows on TV

This study's purpose is twofold: to introduce a new format into existing political entertainment research (“serious” political talk shows) and to establish a more specific definition of entertainment in a political context. To do so, the authors rely on a two-process-model of entertainment experiences. A telephone survey (N = 230) was conducted to analyze the antecedents and consequences of eudaimonic and hedonic entertainment experiences and to look into politically relevant variables and their distribution among viewers and nonviewers of such talk shows. The results highlight the importance of introducing new entertainment concepts and their relations to other relevant political and motivational variables into the research of political entertainment. More specifically, the findings demonstrate how entertainment experiences contribute to viewers' feeling of being informed and point out several differences between viewers and nonviewers concerning their internal political efficacy and political interest. Finally, looking at political talk shows from an audience perspective extends previous content-based taxonomies.     

Assessing social media use in Dutch municipalities: Political,institutional, and socio-economic determinants

Social media enables public sector organizations to connect with citizens. Next to this, it can help organizations provide more detailed and useful information. But to what extent is social media used by local governments for interaction purposes, and what factors influence this? In this article, we study how Dutch local governments use Twitter for interaction, linking this to political, institutional, and socio-economic determinants. We find that politically fragmented municipalities use Twitter more for interaction, suggesting that political multiplicity forms a stimulus for more online engagement. Moreover, municipalities that have a Twitter account for a longer time make more advanced use of its functions, implying that municipalities with longer experience are better acquainted with a platform's strengths and weaknesses. Finally, municipalities with a higher presence of people in the age group 20–65 as well as municipalities with more higher-educated people use their social media more for interaction. The same counts for municipalities with more ICT workers.     

Output Measures,Unobtrusive Testing,and Assessing the Quality of Reference Services

No abstract available for this article.     

Taking Message-Attitude Congruence as Media Effects: Examining Perceived Influence of Political Talk Radio in Hong Kong

This study examines how people perceive the influence of political talk radio in Hong Kong. Theoretically, the study focuses on the influence of message-attitude congruence, that is, the situation in which a person's opinions or attitudes are consistent with the viewpoints promulgated by media messages, on the third-person perception. It is argued that message-attitude congruence provides a situation in which people may attribute their attitudes partly to media influence. Hence message-attitude congruence is expected to relate to increased levels of perceived media influence on self, and thereby weaken the size of the third-person differential. Moreover, it is hypothesized that attribution of media influence should be more likely when people perceive the media influence as desirable and when there is the absence of alternative sources of influence. These arguments were tested with a telephone survey (N = 800) in Hong Kong, where political talk radio has been a prominent medium in the past decade. The results support the theoretical arguments and contribute to our understanding of the significance of the medium in the city. The broader theoretical implications of the findings are also discussed.     

Dialed In: Continuous Response Measures in Televised Political Debates and Their Effect on Viewers

As a result of emerging debate formats and technological advancements over the years, the media started using continuous response measures (CRMs) in the form of on-screen trackers, allowing select audiences to rate candidate performances in political debates in 2004. Given the limited amount of scholarly research that has tackled this issue, this study aims to investigate the effect of CRMs on college students’ voting choices and perceptions of political candidates. This experimental study has found that these trackers did influence the participants’ evaluations of the political candidates shown in the debate regardless of previously stated political affiliation.     

Toward Improving the Validity and Reliability of Media Information Processing Measures in Surveys

Measuring media information processing strategies is of great value to the study of media effects in the field. However, researchers have raised concerns about the reliability and construct validity of previously used scales. Therefore, the aim of the present study is to make a methodological contribution by developing a standardized scale for measuring heuristic and systematic information processing. Based on existing research, we tested our measures of media information processing in three independent surveys. Results demonstrate the psychometric properties of the scale and its construct validity with respect to related constructs.     

Communication Mediation Model of Late-Night Comedy: The Mediating Role of Structural Features of Interpersonal Talk Between Comedy Viewing and Political Participation

This study advances a communication mediation model of late-night comedy in an effort to understand the process wherein consuming satirical humor indirectly spurs political participation via the conduit of interpersonal talk about politics. The theoretical model was tested utilizing two different research designs. The findings from the experiment and the survey provide considerable support for the model, demonstrating that various structural features of interpersonal talk (e.g., discussion frequency, online interaction, and network size) positively mediate the association between late-night comedy viewing and political participation. Meanwhile, the assessments concerning the mediating role of heterogeneous discussion illustrate that late-night comedy can draw a higher level of political involvement from those who are highly educated. The present study urges the field to extend the scope of the communication mediation model by incorporating a greater number of media channels and more diverse aspects of interpersonal talk.     

The Application of Reliability and Validity Measures to Assess the Effectiveness of an Undergraduate Citation Rubric

The increasing popularity of rubrics to assess student learning outcomes in the information literacy classroom is evident within library and information science literature. However, there is a lack of research detailing scientific evaluation of these assessment instruments to determine their reliability and validity. The goal of this study was to use two common measurement methods to determine the content validity and internal consistency reliability of a citation rubric developed by the researcher. Results showed the rubric needed modification in order to improve reliability and validity. Changes were made and the updated rubric will be used in the classroom in a future semester.     

图书馆人本管理:含义与原则

在图书馆管理中，培植人文精神，实施人文关怀，调动人的积极性和创造性，是图书馆人本管理的宗旨。图书馆人本管理应体现人本原则、情感原则、激励原则和“无为”原则。     

Evaluating Summary Measures of Heterogeneous Political Discussion: The Critical Roles of Excluded Cases and Discussion with People Holding Extreme Views

ABSTRACT

Summary network heterogeneity measures are frequently used and often-cited in work on interpersonal political disagreement, but their properties are not well documented and they produce anomalous results relative to other measures of socially supplied disagreement. This study deconstructs the familiar summary network heterogeneity measure to examine why it produces incongruous results relative to other measures used in the literature. This study pays particular attention to the multiple strategies that exist for handling non-partisans when creating the measure. Additionally, it focuses on the “extreme views” items included in its construction, which are conceptually and methodologically distinct from other items and rarely theoretically justified. Results demonstrate that summary network heterogeneity is best thought of an as index, rather than as a scale, which has implications for how scholars should approach it. Critically, inclusion of the extreme views items and decisions about data exclusion also have substantive consequences; this highlights the need for further inquiry into extremity and for explicit reporting about data-handling decisions.     

知识关联:内涵、特征与类型

知识关联是指知识单元(包括文献、人脑等知识载体和概念、词语等知识内容)之间存在的各种关系的总和。知识关联具有相互性、普遍性、传递性、隐含性、结构性、累积性等特征,是我们认识和利用知识关联的基础。知识关联有多种类型,其中显性知识关联、隐性知识关联、学科知识关联、主题知识关联、知识载体关联和知识内容关联具有重要的意义。     

学习共享空间:内涵、特征与构建

文章在总结学习共享空间的定义基础上,重新界定学习共享空间的概念与内涵,论述学习共享空间特征,结合国内外大学图书馆开展学习共享空间的实践,阐述如何构建学习共享空间.