新工科视域下应用型大学工程管理专业建设探索

应用型大学的工程管理人才培养常常存在培养前瞻性、教学集成性、产教融合性"三性不足"问题.在产业变革、工程教育理念发展、专业内涵特征以及学校定位和特色的共同驱动下,福建工程学院工程管理专业通过"凝练理念目标—强化教学特色—提升产教融合能力"的协同发展,系统性解决"三性不足"问题,形成了"基于工、集于管、融于实践"的人才培...     

Recent experiences in Engineering Schools in Jordan

Response to the needs of society and industry is rather slow, and efforts are being made to strengthen relations with industry through visits, training of students in industry, joint committees, conferences etc. Aims for engineering students have been given including concentration on practical applications, linking study with practical life, choosing graduation projects that solve real problems, realizing early contacts with private and public sector, working as a team etc. Recommendations for the introduction of training courses in engineering schools have been given including the following: designing of courses jointly by school and users; recruiting lecturers from both industry and school; making training and applications at laboratories of both school and industry; asking for feedback and comments from participants; paying visits to industrial projects; encouraging professors to visit industry and spend their sabbatical leave there. Joint coordinating committees from industrial decision makers and schools of engineering should be established in order to set up programs.     

地球物理学专业本科生“第二课堂”实践育人的探讨

在国家高等教育“拔尖”“强基”人才培养改革的大背景下,地球物理学专业相关高校从大学科贯通、理论与实践教学并重等不同角度大力推动第一课堂建设改革,但在第二课堂的实践育人探索上仍稍显薄弱。地球物理学专业兼具“理”“工”双重学科特征,而目前学生普遍存在偏工科化思维、逻辑思维与表达能力训练不足等问题。该文从“第二课堂”实践育人角度来探讨地球物理专业基础创新人才培养的方向和途径。     

师范院校新教师教育课程实施效果调查研究——以西北师范大学为个案

对师范院校新教师教育课程实施效果的研究,可作为进一步推进和完善教师教育改革的参考和指南。通过对西北师范大学8个学院100名师范生的问卷分析发现,新教师教育课程设置仍不够完善;陈旧的教学与考核方式直接影响到学生的学习效果;学生虽然对教育实习期望值很高,但对实际效果并不满意;学生的从教信心相对不足。建议改变落后的教师教育观念,开发质量更高的教师教育课程,改进课堂教学及考核方式,创新教育实践与实习模式。     

产教深度融合背景下高职院校1+X证书制度推进路径

1+X证书制度的推出有助于职业教育加强内涵建设,解决职业教育与市场需求脱节、职业教育教学标准陈旧、教学方法落后、师资不足、资源短缺等诸多现实问题。从产教融合的视角出发阐述1+X证书制度的推进路径:一是深化产教融合,夯实物质保障条件;二是坚持书证融通,优化专业培养方案;三是实施三教改革,提高人才培养质量;四是改进评价机制,创新多元考核模型。以期通过对1+X证书制度持续的实践探索,为产业变革和社会经济的高质量发展培养更多的高素质技术技能人才。     

学位教育:专业教育应修正为行业教育

目前,我国把为行业培养应用型人才的学位教育称为专业型学位教育,把为学科培养理论型人才的学位教育称为学术型学位教育,很难准确反映这两种教育的本质.专业有学科专业和行业专业,是不同学科知识体系和行业实践活动的分类.相同学科知识基础也有学科专业与行业专业的区别.培养应用型人才的教育与培养理论型人才的教育的本质区别不是是否有专业和做研究的区别,而是学科专业和行业专业及其培养人才的教育目标和方式的区别.现行的硕士、博士学位教育名称应该把硕士、博士专业学位教育修正为行业型和实践型学位教育.     

校企合作共建区域共享型实训基地的管理运行机制研究

高职院校与行业企业共建共享型实训基地是促进高职教育深度融入产业链、有效服务区域经济和战略性新兴产业发展的重要途径。校企合作共建区域共享型实训基地通过对区域产业和职业教育资源的整合,全面构建校企一体、区域联盟的协同共建机制,合作育人、合作发展的协调运行机制,基于市场化运作的经营管理机制,形成协同效应,从而提升区域共享型实训基地的社会效益和经济效益。     

Assessing Technology Based Instruction in Biology and Geography

Abstract

The article is a report on a development project arising from collaboration between the Department of Education in the University of Oulu, the university training school in Oulu, and some secondary schools in Northern Finland. The key aims of the project have been to promote the use of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in teacher education and in schools, to develop methods for distant education, and to train student teachers in telematics instruction in biology and geography. The concept of pedagogical action, socio-cultural communicative perspective, constructivist views of pedagogy, ideas of reflective teachers and learners, and new forms of assessment provided the theoretical basis for the project. The main findings were that student teachers are able to plan, conduct, and evaluate telematics instruction. The greatest problems are technical problems and lack of time. Sustained and effective communication between students, local teachers, student teachers, and supervisors is seen to be the key to the successful cooperative work in developing curricula and instructional methods in telematics learning environment.     

The interaction of academic and industrial supervisors in graduate education

In this study we explore the work and the cooperation of academic and industrial supervisors concerning single graduate students in so called industrial research schools, which are financially supported by a national research foundation and involve universities and industrial enterprises. Academic and industrial supervisors of totally eleven graduate students have been interviewed with focus on their cooperation. This cooperation entails negotiating the contract and monitoring the progress of the research project and the student. When students have problems this cooperation is particularly important. The places new demands on both the academic and industrial supervisors. In our study these demands were dealt with differently by different academic supervisors, depending whether their main orientation was towards industrial projects or traditional academic research. The way the industrial supervisors dealt with the new demands depended on their previous acquaintance with academic research, basically whether they had a doctoral degree or not. Another important finding was that academic knowledge had a strong position while the supervisors from the industry accepted a minor role. The main findings of the study are that industrial graduate students often require joint engagement in a way that differs from other forms of knowledge transfer between the academy and the industry. To explain the features of this type of knowledge transfer, we use the analytical concepts boundary subject and phronesis.     

湖南高职教育服务“两型”社会建设的现状与对策

湖南省高职教育通过提供人才、技术、培训等服务,为推进“两型”社会建设做出了积极贡献,但也存在服务“两型”社会建设的意识不强、专业结构与“两型”社会建设的产业结构不协调、人才培养难以满足“两型”社会建设的需求、服务“两型”社会建设的深度和能力不足等问题。要解决这些问题,需要优化高等职业教育布局,构建具有湖南职教特色的专业体系,推动高职教育优质发展,提升高职服务产业发展的能力。     

高职精细化学品生产技术专业实训室的建设与思考

本文总结了精细化学品生产技术专业实训室的一些建设经验:明确了实训室建设的理念和定位,根据本地区精细化学品行业特点选择了实训室建设的重点,通过规章制度的建立规范了实训室的管理,对存在的一些问题也进行了有益的探索,通过这些工作能有效提高实训的教学效果。     

高等教育产业化的辩证观

教育具有事业和产业两重属性，高等教育的产业属性更明显，把握这一矛盾的本质特征，坚持唯物论和辩证法的认识观和方法论，提高对高等教育产业化发展的认识，转变观念，创新机制，积极有序地推进高等教育产业化发展，可以缓解我国高等教育的供需矛盾和就业压力，促进经济增长。     

行业学院背景下的高校思想政治理论课实践教学探究

理论教学和实践教学是大学生思想政治理论课教学的两个方面。行业学院背景下的人才培养模式重视实践教学和学生综合能力的培养,为加强和改进高校思想政治理论课实践教学提供了良好的契机。高校应根据行业学院背景下人才培养模式的理念和要求,采取有效的措施,加强和改进思想政治理论课实践教学,切实提高思想政治理论教学的实效性。     

高职扩招背景下新型职业农民学习的现实困境与破解路径

在我国首批新型职业农民进入高校深造过程中,出现生源总量调控不均衡、主观上存在畏难情绪、软硬件建设投入不足、校企合作不够深入、专业产业联系不紧密等诸多问题。为解决以上问题,应从完善招生制度、化解生源数量供需矛盾;创新教学管理手段、破除人才培养体制壁垒;拓宽经费来源渠道、破解深造学习经济困境;强化产教深度融合、打造特色证书制度体系;发挥产业布局优势、迎合差异化知识需求等五个方面探寻解决路径,着力破解新型职业农民的学习困境与难题。     

论高等教育的产业观

高等教育是一个产业,但它是一个特殊的产业,具有生产性和事业性的双重性质;由于高等教育产业的特殊性,所以不宜产业化。但是高等教育可利用其产业机制,促进自身的发展。树立这样的高等教育产业观,对高等教育的发展是有积极意义的。     

Supporting the work arrangements of cooperating teachers and university supervisors to better train preservice teachers: a new theoretical contribution

This longitudinal case study examines whether a school-based training scheme that brings together different categories of teacher educators (university supervisors and cooperating teachers) engenders true collective training activity and, if so, whether this collective work contributes to pre-service teacher education. The scheme grew out of a recent French reform policy. The study is based on an original theoretical conception of teacher education that borrows postulates from a theory of learning and collective action (Wittgenstein 1996). Illustrated by excerpts from post-lesson meetings and self-confrontation interviews, the results suggest that the training scheme does not always lead to collective training activity. The difficulties are notably due to disagreement between the educators about attributing meaning to the pre-service teacher’s classroom activity, which hampers professional development. On this basis, proposals are made to contribute to an effective and authentically shared supervision process and to reposition training activity at the heart of the processes of pre-service teacher professional development.     

研究生德育工作状况及实效性路径思考——以重庆工商大学研究生为调查样本

在新时期,研究生的德育工作面临着新的考验和挑战。通过对研究生、导师及管理人员的相关调查分析,详细探讨在校、院二级管理制度下,院级研究生德育教育的新方法,以期推进研究生思想道德教育,提高研究生培养质量。     

我国高师院校转型存在的问题及其对策

我国高师院校是教师教育的直接载体,教师教育职能的转变,促使其必然进行转型。但我国高师院校转型存在诸多问题：条件不充分,强行转型;转型目的不明,定位不准;缺乏科学规划,宏观调控不力等。这些问题的存在,必然会淡化或削弱教师教育特色,从而导致高师院校失去核心竞争力。为此,转型期高师院校要把握培养高水平的师资这个方向,坚持循序渐进、因地制宜、特色发展三原则。在实践中,高师院校要实现理念、体制及培养模式等转变,并及时制定教师教育转型的有关制度,确保高师院校顺利转型。     

20世纪德国高等教育改革及其当代启示

洪堡传统是德国高等教育的基石,其基本的理念是学术修养与精英教育。但是这一传统在面临新的情况时出现了种种问题,在恪守传统与寻求变革之间,德国人试图找出可以平衡二者的方法,即在精英教育与职业教育之间寻求妥协。当下中国的高等教育也存在着诸多弊病,其中最突出的问题之一就是大学生的就业难问题。在解决这个问题之前,我们首先应当明确的是,大学教育应偏重于精英化即培养大师,还是应当往职业化的方向发展即为劳动力市场培养具备职业技能的合格劳动者。但是问题在于,我们的大学既未能培养出真正的大师,也没能训练出适应社会需要的具备职业技能的合格劳动者。德国的高等教育发展也经历过与我们同样的问题,因此研究其解决这些问题的方法必定能够为我们带来一些有益的启示。     

研究生导师与辅导员合力育人机制的构建

研究生导师和辅导员是研究生思想政治教育队伍的主体,针对两个主体之间存在沟通不充分、工作职责不清晰、工作合力形成不足的问题,分析研究生导师与辅导员互动沟通交流的特点和双方沟通不足的主要原因,提出构建研究生合力育人机制：界定导师和辅导员育人权责、明确双方沟通的主要内容、建立声誉机制调动导师和辅导员主动参与研究生思想教育的积极性,增强合力育人的效果。