TEACHER TRAINING AND SCHOOL PRACTICE

In their previous article (Educational Research, 13, 1) the authors discussed the attitudes of 1,000 pupils in selective secondary schools towards literature generally and towards GCE ‘O’ and ‘A’ level examinations. In that article they explored pupils’ expressed likes and dislikes of texts prescribed by GCE examining boards; they now consider these same pupils’ preferences in their leisure reading, and conclude that present methods of teaching English often fail to take into account ‘consumer’ response, particularly in poetry and drama reading.     

EVALUATING AN INTERDISCIPLINARY TEAM TRAINING INSTITUTE IN GERIATRICS: IMPLICATIONS FOR TEACHING TEAMWORK THEORY AND PRACTICE

Changes occurring in both health care and higher education systems in the U.S. suggest the need for the development of innovative model programs for interdisciplinary team training. This article reports on the development and evaluation of one such program: an interdisciplinary team training institute in geriatrics and primary care sponsored by the Rhode Island Geriatric Education Center in 1999. Key principles underlying the design of program content are summarized. Evaluation data analyzed include information on attendees' backgrounds and teamwork experience, and an assessment of the most important and least important insights gained from participation. Specific ratings for each session include relevance and knowledge attainment. Major observations and recommendations include the combination of theory and practice, a focus on current and cutting edge issues, the importance of educational marketing research, and implications for program evaluation.     

山东大学工程训练中心

中心简介山东大学工程训练中心始建于1949年的山东省立工业专科学校实习工厂,伴随着共和国的成长,历经实习厂、机械厂和工程训练中心3个发展阶段,已走过了60余年的风雨历程。     

一元训练理论评析

本文用辨证的观点分析一元训练理论与传统训练学争论的问题,使一元与多元、体能与技术、一般训练与专向训练、体力波、超量恢复等观点在辨证的基础上达到统一,提出传统运动训练学是一元训练理论产生的基石,一元训练理论是传统训练学在某些方面理论的补充.两者在操作层面达到统一.     

联机信息检索:理论与实践

本文从理论和实践上对联机信息检索进行探讨.首先从总体上介绍了什么是联机信息检索,接着描述了联机信息检索的数据库及其类型,讨论了联机信息检索的硬件配置及所需软件,随后从用户的角度提出了联机信息检索的策略,最后在介绍世界上著名的联机检索中心的同时,以美国的DIALOG为例,描述了联机信息检索的实际操作过程.     

创新实习环节的探讨和实践

当前我国高等工科教育中的创新教育是十分薄弱的环节,学生的教学计划中缺乏包含从概念设计到获得最终成品的完整产品开发及加工训练的环节,这种状况妨碍了工科教育对学生进行创新思想和实践能力的培养。本文介绍了我校自2003开始实施的创新实习环节教学实践过程及经验,将创新实习纳入机械设计制造及自动化、农业机械化及自动化两个专业教学计划中,通过五年的创新训练实践,该项目取得了较好的效果。     

AN EXPERIENTIALLY‐BASED TRAINING PROGRAMME IN CIVIL ENGINEERING

An innovative training programme providing second year students with a real taste of civil engineering practice through the construction of full‐size structures was introduced at the Nanyang Technological Institute, Singapore. Students are divided into companies, each responsible for executing the construction project for a profit, and in accordance with contract requirements in the forms of specifications and design drawings. Each company is sub‐divided into management, office and field groups. Thus the students, through a mandatory rotation of the role play, gain valuable experience in the field, office and management functions through personal involvement in such a real‐life project. To reflect the objectives of the programme, a system of assessment was developed based on the student performance at the team, group and individual levels. Due to the short history of the programme and since a true test of the effectiveness of this type of training is through the performance of the graduates, a summative evaluation is difficult to make at the present time. However, some interim feedback from the students, staff members and industrialists on students’ performance subsequent to their second year course work suggest that the programme has served well in achieving its intended objectives.     

UNIVERSITY STUDIES AS TRAINING FOR THE INTELLECTUAL PROFESSIONS

The origins of the medieval university appear to be twofold: on the one hand, the training in the liberal arts that took place in various sorts of schools and academies that can be traced back to the classical era in European history as well as to the golden age of Arab‐Islamic civilization, and on the other hand, the need to offer possibilities for practical training for a trade. The first type of training was by its nature reserved to a social elite. The latter, that in the medieval period was associated with trade guilds and apprenticeship systems, was for the working classes. The medieval university arose from the union of these two types of training and education as embodied in an institution that began as guilds of students and teachers and/or as cathedral schools. The result was the university that offered training in certain intellectual professions (theology, medicine, and law) but that required prior mastery of the liberal arts. As the fruit of this intellectual and vocational union, the university continued to absorb and to disseminate the principal intellectual trends of succeeding periods in European history, first Aristotelianism and then later the experimental sciences, finally, in recent years, taking on a major research and development function.     

THEORY AND PRACTICE IN THE EDUCATION OF TEACHERS

This paper reports an investigation into the method described by Hertzig et al. (1968), for measuring the response style of pre‐school children performing cognitive tasks (the Stanford‐Binet Intelligence Test Form L). The inter‐observer reliability of the major variables proposed as parameters of ‘cognitive style’ is examined, as well as their stability over time, and their association with level of test performance.

It was not found possible to record behaviour in adequate detail using the original method of a handwritten protocol so a modified procedure was adopted in which observers classified responses directly by their type and recorded them in code. Using this method, reliability was found to be high. Moreover, over a period of four to six weeks there was substantial consistency in the style of behaviour shown by these children when dealing with test demands.

Since there were ethnic differences in the small sample of children studied (N=32), it was also of interest to discover whether children of immigrant and English‐born parents would show differences in behaviour comparable to the differences between Puerto Rican and middle‐class American children reported by Hertzig et al. Some behavioural differences were found, but these appeared to be wholly a function of differing test performance.

     

PERSONALISED LEARNING: AMBIGUITIES IN THEORY AND PRACTICE

Abstract:  This paper traces the origins of the concept of personalisation in public sector services, and applies it to school education. The original conceptualisation stressed the need for 'deep' rather than shallow, personalisation, if radical transformation of services were to be achieved. It is argued that as the concept has been disseminated and implemented through policy documents, notably the 2005 White Paper, it has lost its original emphasis on deep personalisation. The focus in this article is particularly upon gifted and talented students whose education provides the best case example of how the theory of personalisation might work in practice. Two examples of the lessons in a sixth form college are used to illustrate the character of personalised pedagogy in practice. The implications for theory and practice are discussed.     

电子信息工程专业模块化人才培养方案改革与实践

目前中国本科教育逐步由传统的学术型教育转变为应用型人才培;养,为适应新的教育目标的要求,必须对人才培养方案进行改革。分析应用型人才培养特点以及人才培养方案存在的主要问题,借鉴德国应用科学大学成功经验,结合学院模块化人才培养方案教学改革的实践,以电子信息工程专业改革为实例,论述了模块化教学改革取得的成果,加强了基础,切实提高学生的实践能力,形成了专业特色。     

网络对传统会计理论与实务的影响

人类迎来新世纪的同时,也迎来了网络技术在各个领域的空前运用,对传统的会计理论如会计目标、会计假设、会计基本原则产生了重要影响,对网络对会计实务包括对会计数据处理程序、原始数据的审核、会计结算业务、会计管理职能等也产生深刻的影响,本文对此进行了探讨。