“世界一流”大学成功的实践和需要关注的问题

本文从科学研究与成果转化、区域经济的联系,大学科技园的建设等方面反思了建设"世界一流"大学的发展战略、成就和经验,并由此提出需要关注的问题:大学的科研应当把注意力放在基础研究而不是技术改造上;不能过分强调自然科学的重要性而忽视社会科学和人文学科在知识创新中的作用,不能过分强调科学研究和知识生产而忽视教学工作;对世界一流大学的投入不是简单的解决几所"世界一流"大学建设的经费问题,而是国家发展的战略问题.     

地下水科学与工程专业本科实践教学环节改革与实践

根据我国高等院校本科教育对人才培养的要求,结合近十年来吉林大学地下水科学与工程本科专业教学实践环节的特点和改革实践,不断探索和完善地下水科学与工程本科专业教学实践环节。构建并完善了实践教学平台,探索并提出了本科实践教学环节改革的新模式并应用于实践教学,取得了良好的教学效果。     

香港高校的学生事务管理及其对内地高校的启示

与内地相比,香港高校的学生管理有着自己的特色。我们考察的香港理工大学、香港大学、香港科技大学等高校,其学生事务工作经历了“管理学生”、“服务学生”、“学生发展”等基本阶段。在“学生发展”阶段,始终围绕“全人教育”目标,以学生为本,为学生提供全面服务,这些经验和作法对内地高校学生管理和德育工作改革有着深刻的启示。     

中国高校创业教育研究22年回顾与启示

中国高校创业教育研究22年的发展历程,是对高校创业教育科学定位、体系构建、践行模式以及发展趋势等问题的深入探索。这给我们带来两点重要的启示：一是高校创业教育要立足促进人的全面发展,融入人才培养全过程;二是坚持＂立足教育、依赖科技和面向经济＂三结合,通过研究科技创新视野下的创业教育,为高校创业教育整体发展寻找路径。     

未被期待的德国应用科学大学何以成功 ——基于历史的考察

加强应用型本科高校建设，是我国高等教育普及化阶段的重要任务。放眼国际，德国应用科学大学在创建之初就迅猛发展，并逐渐成为德国高等教育的重要支柱。本文从新制度主义视角回看德国应用科学大学的产生与发展，发现举办应用科学大学并不是德国高等教育改革的首要举措，也并非当时最被看好的举措。其成功兼具偶然性和必然性，并经历了改革酝酿期、博弈运行期、规范发展期以及战略调整期。未被期待的德国应用科学大学能在制度博弈中脱颖而出，得益于以制度改革积极回应社会诉求、以错位发展将特色转化为优势、以规模速增自成体系、拥有开放包容的发展环境。     

理工科高校美育的价值意蕴和实践路径

美育是培养审美能力、陶冶审美情操和提升美的创造力的教育,是促进人的全面发展的重要组成部分。新时代对培养时代新人提出了新要求,美育在高校人才培养中占据重要地位,长期以来,美育在理工科高校中处于边缘化地位。通过研究美育在理工科高校中的价值意蕴,分析当前理工科高校美育工作存在的问题,从思想、课程、环境、实践、网络等五个维度探索理工科高校美育发展的实践路径。     

关于高校国家助学贷款问题的探讨

高校国家助学贷款,是实施科教兴国战略、加速人才培养的重大政策,是国家帮助高校贫困学生顺利完成学业的重大举措。然而,高校国家助学贷款计划在实施过程中并非一帆风顺,遇到了诸多困难与难题。在实践中,我们高校不断吸取教训,不断总结经验,不断改善革新助学贷款制度,力求这项资助家庭经济困难学生的制度尽快完善和进一步落实。     

小学教师专业化与小学教育专业建设

高校设置本科小学教育专业是教师专业化运动的趋势所然。高等教育对小学教师的专业化负有重要的历史使命。小学生特有的生理心理特点决定了小学教育工作的特殊性和复杂性。专科培养模式已不能适应小学教育的发展需要。小学教育专业特有的专业性质,决定了小学教育专业建设的复杂性、实践性、均衡性和创造性。     

理工高校人文教育与科学教育融合的路径探究

人文教育与科学教育的融合,是当今高等教育发展和人才培养模式改革的趋势。在我国众多高校尤其是理工高校,两种教育的融合仍然存在着诸多困境。实现两种教育的融合,是提高高等教育质量和人才培养质量的迫切需要。理工高校可以通过四条路径实现人文教育与科学教育的融合,即通过树立现代大学教育的新理念提升人文教育的地位;在科学教育中挖掘弘扬人文价值,在人文教育中崇尚追求科学价值;通过实施素质教育达到两种教育的融合;营造两种教育融合的大学校园文化场。     

University Policy and Coordination Systems between Governments and Universities: The Experience of the Catalan University System

The co-ordination, control and financing mechanisms for higher education institutions have been the subject of ongoing political analysis and technical debate within university systems over recent years. The interrelationships between governments (as the ones in charge of university policy), universities and society have in recent years undergone a restatement process, due principally to the widespread changes that have occurred in the higher education environment. In this context, the university system of Catalonia (Spain's most advanced and dynamic autonomous region) has, since 1997, been undergoing a new co-ordination experience between the government and universities centred around the programme-based contract formula, which has opened the way to a new system of financing and control of academic outputs for universities. The object of this paper is to critically analyse this experience (completely new to the Spanish university scene) in order to draw conclusions from the debate in progress on higher education co-ordination, financing and university autonomy. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

The Labour Party and Higher Education: 1945–51

Assessments of Labour's achievements in education in the immediate post‐war period have been largely critical, but almost exclusively focused on schools’ reform. This article in contrast considers Labour's policies for higher education, particularly universities. Three themes dominated the post‐war agenda: science and technology, expansion (and access), and appropriate models of higher education. The demands of science and technology and the conse‐quent need for expansion were the main drivers in Labour's programme. But the failure to offer a clear view of post‐war development in higher education, together with a deep‐seated ambivalence as to the role of technology and vocational education in universities, meant that plans for science, technology and expansion were only partially realised. The issue of appropriate models of higher education has bedevilled subsequent Labour governments, including the present administration, in their search for a policy for higher education.     

Pedagogical content knowledge circa 1907 and 1987: a study in the history of an idea

Since the 1980s in the US, teacher education has undergone consistent scrutiny and faces frequent attack by politicians and policy makers concerned with the quality of education. Responses to these attacks have varied, but most often they have centered on the need to professionalize teaching. Doubts about the value of teacher education have resulted in efforts to make a case for teaching as a unique intellectual enterprise involving special forms of knowledge and skill. The concept of pedagogical content knowledge (PCK) has been central to this argument. The author explores PCK against the backdrop of efforts in the early part of the 20th century to professionalize teaching and considers problems with the concept that have limited its influence.     

新课改视野下的高师继续教育改革

基础教育新课程改革对肩负着中小学教师在职培训责任的高师继续教育提出了更新的要求和严峻的挑战。为满足新课改的师资要求,高师继续教育应依托高等师范教育资源,构建教师培养、培训一体化;调整课程设置,实现教学内容职业化;重塑教学模式,实现教师培训专业化;拥有相对固定的师资队伍,建设自己的品牌学科专业。     

Kritik der evidenzbasierten Pädagogik

Evidence-based education aims at improving the effectiveness of educational interventions and programs through knowledge on the basis of rigorous scientific research. However, evidence-based education should not be equated with empirical educational research; nor should it be understood as an independent paradigm of educational science, because of its focus on educational practice. The specific notion of how science and practice relate to each other, which is fundamental to evidence-based education, is exposed to a threefold critique, namely concerning the technological conception of educational practice, the supposed abstinence from theory as frame for educational research, and the disregard of communication as medium of educational effectiveness. The last paragraph of the paper presents a reminiscent sketch of an alternative conception of the relation between science and practice as it can be found with some representatives of educational psychology.     

理工科大学生人文素养调查与分析——以武汉工程大学为例

与文科大学生相比,理工科大学生的人文素养相对比较欠缺,表现为人文知识欠缺、知行差异较大等症候。文章尝试从传统教育模式、多元文化背景等多维角度作分析,认为高校需要从校园文化、课程体系、师资队伍以及社会实践等方面引导理工科大学生提升人文修养。     

Higher Education Reform in Taiwan and Its Implications on Equality

As a result of massification of higher education and the quest for competitiveness, the Taiwanese government has adopted a series of higher education reforms since the late 1990s. While the low birthrate has become a potential threat, recent developments in higher education policies such as the Program for Developing First-Class Universities and Top Research Centers, the Incentives for Teaching Excellences, and the new Multiple Examination Program have had considerable effects on students of different gender and socioeconomic classes. Even though the expansion in higher education has enabled many students to enter universities, inequality remains, as students from different socioeconomic backgrounds are distributed to different types/ranks of universities. Students from the lower socioeconomic class are mostly concentrated in private or vocational (science and technology) universities, while students from well-off families have better chances to enter elite universities. Moreover, the gender segregation in different fields of study has not been improved as a result of the aforementioned massification. Female students are still concentrated in the humanities and social sciences and encounter more difficulties in finding jobs upon graduation. Consequently, these graduates' salaries tend to be much lower compared with their counterparts in science and technology fields. The study further argues that class and gender are actually intertwined and should not be examined separately. In addition, issues such as race and disability need to be closely examined, as the number of students with mothers from Southeast Asia and Mainland China has been significantly increasing in Taiwan these days.     

三全育人视域下高校学生社区育人模式研究

“三全育人”指出要实现全员、全方位、全过程育人,是新时代高校立德树人的重要途径。学生社区作为大学生学习生活聚集平台的教育功能受到更多的关注。移动互联技术的发展冲破了高校的传统樊篱,推动高等教育改革重新整合教育资源,给高校思想政治教育带来了新趋势,高校后勤社会化改革也为学生社区更好发挥教育功能奠定了基础。在此背景下,不少高校积极开展学生社区育人模式改革,社区书院、社区党建、智慧社区、学生自治和邻里规划等社区新型学生社区教育管理服务模式得到了实践,并取得显著成效。     

理工科大学人文素质教育的内涵与实现途径新探

人文素质教育在中国高等学校已经推进了近十年,它是我国高等教育的必然选择。理工科院校的人文素质教育要推进,必须进一步明确其内涵,充分重视学生人文精神的培养,要在专业教育中更好地渗透人文素质教育,同时完善“人文素质教育”课程的设置。     

理工科院校声乐实践教学及其发展的探索

高校音乐教育课程一直以来是我国高校教育的一个组成部分,然而在理工科院校开展声乐实践教学实属少数。鉴于理工科院校学生的相关特点与特殊性,在理工科院校进行声乐实践教学,有利于培养学生的人文艺术素养与综合素质,同时还能够提高学生的审美能力和创造性思维。对理工科院校开展声乐实践教学的目标和意义进行探讨,并通过实际开展教学的相关经验,提炼出区别于普通声乐教学、理工科院校声乐教育实践的新方法,这对于促进理工科院校声乐教学的发展具有重要意义。     

高校混合式教学质量影响因素分析及对策

随着互联网+教育的不断发展,混合式线上线下教育方式不断深入高校课堂,为高校教学提供了一种新的教学模式。通过教学实践,发现应用这样的教学模式,能有效进行课堂组织和丰富教学手段,但教学效果方面并没有多大提升。为此,通过前期教学实践,进一步对高校混合式教学质量影响因素进行分析,然后分别从教师意识、学生参与度、教学措施、教学内容分配及综合评价指标等方面提出解决对策,以此达到提高高校混合式教学质量的目的。