头孢匹胺钠致严重白细胞降低1例

目的通过对头孢匹胺钠致严重白细胞降低1例病案报道,为临床合理用药提供参考。方法病例回顾。30岁女性患者,胃镜检查为非萎缩性胃炎伴胆汁返流及十二指肠球部炎症,给予0．9％氯化钠注射液250mL＋注射用头孢匹胺钠2g,泮托拉唑80mg及维生素B60．1g,均为每日1次,静脉滴注治疗。结果用药2d后患者反馈头痛难忍,血常规WBC由8．95×10^9·L^-1降为2．5×10^9·L^-1,立即停用头孢匹胺钠,另两药继续3d,头痛缓解,5d后WBC恢复至正常水平。结论注射用头孢匹胺钠可致WBC严重降低,临床应密切注意,停止用药后可逐步恢复。     

应用加替沙星治疗呼吸道感染的疗效评价

目的：评价加替沙星治疗呼吸道细菌感染的临床疗效。方法：117例呼吸道感染患者随机分为2组，其中治疗组61例，对照组56例，治疗组用加替沙星治疗，对照组用头孢派酮钠进行治疗。结果：治疗组临床治愈率为60．66％．有效率为90．16％．细菌清除率为83．33％；对照组分别为53．57％．75％．79．49％．治疗组有效率高于对照组，两组差异具有显著性（X^2=4．74，P〈0．05）。结论：加替沙星治疗呼吸道感染疗效确切．可作为呼吸道感染的一线用药。     

藿胆滴丸联合头孢米诺治疗急性化脓性鼻窦炎58例疗效观察

目的探讨藿胆滴丸联合头孢米诺治疗急性化脓性鼻窦炎的临床疗效。方法将116例急性化脓性鼻窦炎患者随机分为治疗组和对照组各58例,治疗组予藿胆滴丸联合头孢米诺治疗,对照组予复方氨酚烷胺联合头孢米诺治疗,疗程一周。结果治疗组和对照组的总有效率分别为93.10%和82.75%,两组比较,差异有显著性意义(P<0.05)。结论藿胆滴丸联合头孢米诺治疗急性化脓性鼻窦炎疗效显著。     

利多卡因静脉滴注联合西替利嗪片治疗慢性泛发性湿疹的临床疗效观察

目的:观察利多卡因静脉滴注治疗慢性泛发性湿疹的临床疗效.方法:采用2%利多卡因5ml加入5%葡萄糖注射液500ml缓慢静脉滴注,每日1次,同时每日口服西替利嗪片10mg,连续用药2周后,比较用药前后病情缓解情况.结果:治疗2周后,治疗组53例病人痊愈26例,显效22例,临床有效率达90.6%.对照组47例病人痊愈14例,显效17例,有效率为70.2%.两组比较差异有统计学意义(χ2=9.092,P<0.01).结论:利多卡因静脉滴注治疗慢性泛发性湿疹有较好疗效,安全性好,且药价低廉,有一定的临床应用价值.     

降纤酶治疗椎基底动脉供血不足临床疗效和TCD改变

目的:研究东菱迪芙治疗椎基底动脉供血不足(VBI)的临床疗效和经颅多普勒(TCD)改变.方法:80例VBI患者确诊后随机分成治疗组和对照组,两组综合治疗方法同,均给予西比灵、维生素E口服和维生素C 4g、维生素B6 200mg、脉安定40ml、胞二磷胆碱500mg加于5%葡萄糖生理盐水500ml中静脉滴注,每日一次,治疗组除上述用药外,每日加用降纤酶5BU于生理盐水150ml中静脉滴注一次,疗程为5d.观察项目包括起效时间、临床疗效、治疗前后TCD变化和3个月内复发率.结果:治疗组在起效时间、临床疗效、治疗前后TCD变化及防止复发等方面均优于对照组.结论:在VBI的综合治疗中,加用降纤酶可显著提高临床疗效.     

硫普罗宁治疗急性戊型肝炎的疗效观察

目的：观察硫普罗宁治疗急性戊型肝炎的临床疗效和安全性.方法：急性戊型肝炎患者65例,随机分为治疗组33例,应用硫普罗宁0.2g加入5%葡萄糖注射液200ml中静脉滴注,每日1次;对照组32例,常规应用护肝药物如肌苷注射液等静脉滴注,疗程均为2周.观察治疗前后两组的症状、体征及肝功能情况.结果：硫普罗宁治疗后患者临床症状和肝功能均有显著改善.两组比较发现,ALT 好转情况、显效率和总有效率差异均有显著性（P＜0.05）.结论：硫普罗宁治疗急性戊型肝炎有较好疗效,且未见不良反应,用药安全.     

复方苦参注射液对治疗中晚期肝癌的临床疗效观察

目的：探讨复方苦参注射液持续静脉滴注与常规静脉滴注对治疗中晚期肝癌的临床疗效.方法：回顾性分析我院2010年7月~2013年3月外科收治中晚期肝癌患者40例,随机分为2组.观察组20例,采用复方苦参注射液20mg每日1次常规静脉滴注;对照组20例,采用经外周静脉置入中心静脉导管（PICC）接输液泵,经肘正中静脉滴注20mg/24小时.两组疗程均为14天.比较两组之间治疗效果.结果：两组之间近期治疗效果无明显差异（P〉0.05）.但对照组在改善患者临床症状（肝区胀痛、腹水、黄疸）优于观察组（P〈0.05）.结论：通过改变复方苦参注射液的用药模式,可减轻中晚期肝癌患者临床症状.     

通心络胶囊治疗胸痹心痛40例临床观察

目的 :采用对照法观察通心络胶囊治疗冠心病心绞痛的临床疗效。方法 :分为治疗组和对照组 ,治疗组 4 0例 ,口服通心络胶囊 ,每次 4粒 ,每日三次。对照组 30例 ,口服复方丹参片 ,每次 3片 ,每日 3次 ,两组疗程均为 4周。结果 :心绞痛疗效 :治疗组和对照组显效率分别为 6 5 %和 4 0 % (P <0 .0 5 ) ,总有效率分别为 95 %和 73.3% (P <0 .0 1)。心电图疗效 :治疗组和对照组显效率分别为 6 5 %和 36 .7% (P <0 .0 5 ) ,总有效率分别为 90 %和 6 6 .7% (P <0 .0 1)。另外 ,两组对胸闷胸痛、气短、乏力、心悸、自汗等主要症状的改善方面 ,治疗组明显优于对照组。结论 :通心络胶囊治疗冠心病心绞痛具有较好疗效。     

脉络宁治疗急性脑梗塞97例疗效观察

目的 :探讨脉络宁治疗急性脑梗塞的临床疗效。方法 :将 97例急性脑梗塞病人随机分成脉络宁组 (4 8例 ) ,川芎嗪组 (4 9例 ) ,脉络宁的用法为 2 0ml加入到 5 %葡萄糖溶液或 0 .9%氯化钠溶液 2 0 0ml静脉滴注 ,每日 1次 ,川芎嗪 12 0mg加入到 5 %葡萄糖溶液或 0 .9%氯化钠溶液 2 0 0ml静脉滴注 ,每日 1次 ,2组均治疗 15d ,治疗前后分别进行神经功能缺损评分。结果 :脉络宁组总有效率 92 % ,川芎嗪组总有效率 71% (P <0 .0 5 ) ,且未发现不良反应。结论 :脉络宁治疗急性脑梗塞安全有效 ,疗效优于川芎嗪。     

硫糖铝佐治急性放射性肠炎38例临床观察

目的:临床研究硫糖铝佐治急性放射性肠炎的疗效和不良反应。方法:治疗组38例用硫糖铝1.0g及思密达3.0g,每日3次;对照组51例用思密达3.0g,每日3次,1周为1疗程。采用卡方检验进行疗效比较。结果:治疗组有效率为92.1%;对照组有效率为84.3%。两组间疗效比较差异有显著性(χ2=6.2,P<0.05)。结论:硫糖铝可加速受损肠粘膜的修复功能,并具有良好的止痛、止血效果,无明显毒副作用,使用方便,故应用其佐治急性放射性肠炎具有进一步研究和应用价值。     

Protective effects of Salvia miltiorrhizae on the hearts of rats with severe acute pancreatits or obstructive jaundice

Objective: To investigate the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of Salvia miltiorrhizae (Danshen) in the treatment of severe acute panereatitis (SAP)- or obstructive jaundice (OJ)-induced heart injury. Methods: A total of 288 rats were used for SAP-(n=108) and O J-associated (n=180) experiments. The rats were randomly divided into sham-operated, model control, and Salvia miltiorrhizae-treated groups. According to the difference of time points after operation, SAP rats in each group were subdivided into 3, 6 and 12 h subgroups (n=12), whereas OJ rats were subdivided into 7, 14, 21, and 28 d subgroups (n=15). At the corre-sponding time points after operation, the mortality rates of the rats, the contents of endotoxin and phospholipase A2 (PLA2) in blood, and pathological changes of the hearts were investigated. Results: The numbers of dead SAP and OJ rats in the treated groups declined as compared with those in the model control group, but not significantly (P>0.05). The contents ofendotoxin (at 6 and 12 h in SAP rats and on 7, 14, 21, and 28 d in OJ rats, respectively) and PLA2 (at 6 and 12 h in SAP rats and on 28 d in OJ rats, respectively) in the treated group were significantly lower than those in the model control group (P<0.01 and P<0.001, respec-tively). Besides, myocardial pathological injuries were mitigated in SAP and OJ rats. Conclusion: In this study, we found that Salvia miltiorrhizae improved myocardial pathological changes, reduced the content of PLA2 in blood, and decreased the mortality rates of SAP and OJ rats, exerting protective effects on the hearts of the rats.     

硝普钠与拉贝洛尔对高血压急症患者血液流变学影响的对比观察

目的：观察硝普钠与拉贝洛尔对高血压急症患者血液流变学的影响。方法：高血压急症56例,随机分为硝普钠组与拉贝洛尔组。28例采用硝普钠治疗,其它28例给予拉贝洛尔。两组均静脉持续用药6小时。每例于治疗开始和结束时分别进行血液流变学检测。结果：降压总有效率硝普组为100％（28／28）,拉贝洛尔组92．9％（26／28）,两组差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）,但硝普钠组起效快于拉贝洛尔组。患者经硝普钠治疗后,血液流变学显示低切变率下全血粘度、高切变率下全血粘度、血浆比粘度、红细胞取集指数及血小板聚集率均显著下降（P〈0．01或P〈0．05）,与拉贝洛尔组比较,差异有显著性（P〈0．05）。拉贝洛尔组血液流变学各指标值虽有下降,但未达到统计学显著性程度（P〉0．05）。与药物有关的不良反应,硝普钠组明显低于拉贝洛尔组（3．6％,vs 21．4％,P〈0．05％）。结论：硝普钠治疗高血压急症疗效确切、起效快、不良反应少,且该药有改善血液流变性作用,优于拉贝洛尔。     

Study on the neurotoxic effects of low-level lead exposure in rats

Objective: To investigate effects of developmental lead exposure on nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity in different brain regions and on N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor mRNA expression in the hippocampus of rats. On the basis of these observations, we explored possible mechanisms by which lead exposure leads to impaired learning and memorizing abilities in children. Methods: A series of rat animal models exposed to low levels of lead during the developing period was established (drinking water containing 0.025%, 0.05% and 0.075% lead acetate). NOS activities in the hippocampus, the cerebral cortex, the cerebellum and the brain stem were determined with fluorescence measurement and levels of mRNA expression of the NMDA receptor 2A (NR2A) subunit and NMDA receptor 2B (NR2B) subunit in the rat hippocampus were measured with Retro-translation (RT-PCR). Results: There were no differences in the body weight of rat pups between any of the groups at any given time (P>0.05). The blood lead level of Pb-exposed rat pups showed a systematic pattern of change: at 14 d of age, it was lower than that at 7 d of age, then rising to the peak level at 21 d and finally falling to lower levels at 28 d. The hippocampal NOS activities of lead-exposed groups were all lower than that of the control group on the 21st and 28th day (P<0.01). NOS activities in the cerebellum of lead-exposed groups were all lower than that of the control group on the 21st and 28th day (P<0.001) and the NOS activity of the 0.025% group was significantly lower than that of the 0.05% and 0.075% groups on the 28th day (P<0.05). NOS activity in the cerebral cortex of the 0.075% group was significantly lower than that of the control, 0.025% and 0.05% groups on the four day spans (P<0.001). There was no significant difference of NOS activity in the brain stem between any lead-exposed group and the control group on the four day spans. In the 0.05% and the 0.075% groups, the level of NR2A mRNA expression was higher than that in the control group at 7 d and 14 d of age (P<0.05). In the 0.025% group, the level of NR2A was found to be higher than that in the control group at 7 d of age only (P<0.05). No significant differences were found for the levels of NR2B mRNA expression between any of the groups at any given time. Conclusions: NOS activity in the hippocampus, the cerebral cortex and the cerebellum are inhibited by lead exposure. The degree of the inhibitory effect depends on the time span of exposure and the lead concentration. Developmental low-level lead exposure was found to raise the level of NR2A mRNA expression in the hippocampus of rats. Developmental low-level lead exposure does not affect the level of NR2B mRNA expression in the hippocampus.     

A randomized controlled trial of a home-visiting intervention aimed at preventing relationship problems in depressed mothers and their infants

This study examined the effect of a mother–baby intervention on the quality of mother–child interaction, infant–mother attachment security, and infant socioemotional functioning in a group of depressed mothers with infants aged 1–12 months. A randomized controlled trial compared an experimental group ( n = 35) receiving the intervention (8–10 home visits) with a control group ( n = 36) receiving parenting support by telephone. There were assessments pre, post, and follow-up after 6 months. The intervention had positive effects on the quality of mother–infant interaction. Infants in the experimental group had higher scores for attachment security and for one aspect of socioemotional functioning, namely, competence. The intervention proved successful in preventing deterioration of the quality of mother–child interaction.     

The treatment of relapsing primary nephrotic syndrome in children

Objective: To explore better therapy and reduce the rate of re-relapse of primary nephritic syndrome in children who had been treated with corticosteroids but relapsed. Methods: Eighty relapsers were enrolled from Jan. 1994 to Apr. 2000, who were randomly divided into two groups. The treatment group (n=39) had been treated with tripterysium glucosides for three months, with the control group (n=41) members were treated with cyclophosphmide (CTX) by intermission intravenous pulse, with total dose of CTX not being more than 150 mg/kg. Prednisone, meanwhile, was given to both groups. The total treatment period of prednisone was prolonged by 12-18 months. Results: After following up for 3-7 years, the re-relapse rates of both groups were observed. The re-relapse rate of the treatment group was 28.2% to 29.3% in the CTX-controlled group. The re-relapse rates between two groups were almost similar, and with no observed significant difference (P>0.05). The side effect of tripterysium glucosides was less than that of CTX. Conclusion: For the treatment of relapsing nephritic syndrome in children, the combination of tripterysium glucosides and prolonged corticosteroid therapy is as effective as the regimen of CTX plus prolonged use of prednisone.     

Initial teacher education: a study of the efficacy of computer mediated courseware delivery in a partnership context

The null hypotheses tested were (1) that the efficacy of computer-mediated delivery of courseware was not significantly different from that of traditional university delivery methods, and (2) that the efficacy of learning in partnership with schools was not significantly different from university-based learning.
Forty three student teachers of science were assigned to four treatment groups, in a true experimental research design. The same courseware, designed to develop lesson planning skills, was delivered to the four groups. The first group (n = 11) were taught at university, receiving a traditional lecture, supplemented with a seminar. The second group (n = 12) were taught in a partnership context, receiving the traditional lecture at university, supplemented with a courseware package completed with the student's supervising teacher in school. For groups three (n = 10) and four (n = 10), the contexts were the same as for groups one and two respectively, but courseware delivery was via the Internet with e-mail tutorial support provided by the university lecturer.
Students' achievement was pre-tested and post-tested. Post-test scores were subjected to a two-way analysis of co-variance, with the delivery strategy (traditional or computer-mediated) and the context (university-based or partnership) as factors and the pre-test scores as co-variate.
Achievement gains were 12% higher when student teachers worked in a partnership context rather than entirely at university. Achievement gains were 15% higher for computer-mediated delivery when compared with traditional delivery methods. When these two factors were combined achievement gains were 36% higher.     

悦容丹治疗黄褐斑疗效观察及对SOD、MDA水平的影响

目的:观察悦容丹内服治疗黄褐斑的临床疗效,重点探讨其对患者血清超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)水平的影响。方法:80例黄褐斑患者随机分成治疗组(40例)、对照组(40例),正常组(38例)。治疗组采用悦容丹口服加外用广谱防晒霜,对照组维生素C片和维生素E胶丸口服加外用广谱防晒霜,治疗12周,正常组不治疗。观察分析临床疗效及不良反应。结果:治疗组有效率95.00%,对照组有效率72.5%,两组相比较有统计学意义(P<0.05);较正常组,治疗组与对照组SOD显著升高、MDA显著降低,差异有显著性(P<0.05);治疗组血清SOD水平治疗后明显高于治疗前,MDA水平治疗后明显低于治疗前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);治疗后,治疗组血清SOD、MDA水平改善程度明显优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:悦容丹对黄褐斑疗效显著,无不良反应。其机制与调控机体SOD、MDA水平有一定相关性,值得临床深入探讨。     

Influence of fasting on muscle composition and antioxidant defenses of market-size Sparus macrocephalus

The study was conducted to investigate fasting effects on flesh composition and antioxidant defenses of market-size Sparus macrocephalus. Two hundred fish （main initial weight 580 g） were divided into two groups （control and fasted） and reared in 6 cages. After two weeks of adaptation, group I fasted for 28 d; group II was fed normally as a control. In 3, 7, 14, 21 and 28 d, 6 fish per group were sampled for proximate flesh composition, liver antioxidant enzyme activities and malondialdehyde flesh content analyses. In fasted fish, the reduction of lipid content in muscle occurred after day 3, and, compared to controls, the content of protein decreased from day 14, the activities of liver antioxidative enzymes superoxide dismutase （SOD） and glutathione peroxidase （GPX） increased from day 3, and flesh malondialdehyde levels increased from day 21. Flesh fat reduction shows that fasting may be used as a technique to reduce flesh lipid content in Sparus macrocephalus. However, considering flesh protein loss and the subsequent oxidative stress, the fasting technique should be used with precautions.     

组织工程的一个初步研究混合多尿烷血管移植(英文)

本文的目的是研究半多孔内皮细胞的包膜(SPEUs)的效应 以PTMEG1000为基础的SPEU的多孔性为51.58%(±5.86%) 与天然脉管相比较,例如与一头6个月小牛胸部的上部下来的主动脉大血管相比较,SPEU的拉伸强度是足够强的 脉管的典型脉动压力服从静脉管压力(1.5～2%Δd/d),此压力小于动脉管压力(9～15%Δd/d) 在种植EC之前,观察了在SPEUs上培育的人皮的成纤维细胞(HDF) SPEU的DNA数量与HDF在一天之内种植;有71.9%(±11.01%)细胞被种植在SPEUs上 LDH试验表明:在有控制的和实验群数据之间没有显著的差别,说明没有细胞毒素 因此,EC在SPRUs上具有良好的粘附性,这是所期望的,而应用胶原实现了将EC种植在半微孔的SPEUs上的表面改善     

团体心理辅导在五年制高职恋爱学生中的运用初探

考察团体心理辅导应用于五年制高职恋爱学生的可行性与有效性。筛选出正在恋爱的36名学生作为实验组,36名同质学生作为对照组。对实验组进行八次团体心理辅导。相关测试与调查显示,实验组和对照组有显著差异和变化。运用团体心理辅导模式对五年制高职生进行恋爱指导产生明显效果。