Training teachers

Career counseling must be provided for the student with a strong singular artistic talent as well as for the student who demonstrates a multiplicity of artistic talents.     

Verbal and nonverbal behavior of ability-grouped dyads

In this study we describe the social interactions of ability-grouped dyads as they constructed knowledge of balance concepts to elucidate the relationship between interactions and conceptual growth. The verbal and nonverbal behaviors of 30 fifth-grade students were recorded as they completed three activities related to balance. These student interactions were examined within a framework of social cognition. For each dyad, characteristics of ability-grouped dyads were identified. Results revealed that high-achieving students effectively used prior experiences, maintained focus on the learning task, and were able to manipulate the equipment effectively to construct knowledge. Low-achieving students exhibited off-task behavior, lacked a metacognitive framework for organizing the learning tasks, centered on irrelevant features of the equipment, and were unable to use language effectively to mediate learning. Within low-high student dyads, high-achieving students typically modeled thinking processes and strategies for manipulating equipment. In addition, they focused the low-achieving students on the components of the tasks while verbally monitoring their progress, thus enabling low students to identify the critical features necessary for concept construction. These results highlighted the differences that students have in the use of language and tools. Low students' inefficient use of tools has implications for the ways science teachers structure lessons and group students for laboratory work.     

Training skilful teachers

The Teacher Education Project was a research and development project, funded by the Department of Education and Science, which analyzed over 1000 lessons given by novice and experienced teachers in secondary schools. There were 23 research studies which focused principally on class management and control, questioning and explaining, and the teaching of mixed-ability groups. In the case studies of student teachers, effective class managers were seen to have good personal relationships with their students, be well prepared and organized and be able to ask questions skilfully and explain clearly. Most disorder in students' lessons consisted of excessive noise and there were few serious disruptions. Teachers were asked to keep a log of questions they asked and a number of strategies were elicited from their self-reports. Experimental work on explaining showed that the most successful explainers made more varied cognitive demands on pupils, used more framing and focusing statements, and more visual aids. The project produced sets of workbooks which were rated “helpful” or “very helpful” by 90% of users, as well as sets of slides on class management and group work.     

Training physics teachers

This research note is a brief summary of a survey carried out into the training of teachers in one area of science where recruitment to courses in Britain is extremely difficult: physics (see Fig. 1). The summary is based on information received from physics tutors in university departments of education (UDE) of England, Wales and Ireland. All figures refer to replies received (just over 80 per cent of the sample), and to the 1979‐80 year only. The courses referred to are one year professional preparation courses for university graduates leading to the Post Graduate Certificate of Education (PGCE).     

Training individuals to label nonverbal facial cues

In recent years, a considerable amount of research on nonverbal behavior has focused on identifying facial cues of various emotions. This study attempted to examine the effects of training individuals to accurately label facial affects of happiness, sadness, fear, anger, surprise, disgust, and neutral. The treatment period extended over three, one-hour group presentations based on Ekman and Friesen's (1975) model of training individuals to accurately label emotions from facial expressions. The posttest demonstrated that the experimental group significantly improved its ability to accurately label facial affect following the training program.     

非语言行为在外语教学中的作用

本文讨论了非语言交际在以学生为中心的交际英语教学中的积极作用。基于第二语言习得与第二语言教学间的关系，作者希望外语教师有学生更加关注外语教学中的非语言信息，实践跨文化交际。     

Training teachers for mainstreaming: An inservice model for developing behavior management skills

Abstract

One purpose in this study was to determine the percentage of subjects from a nationally representative sample of high school seniors who reported intentions to major in education and were actually majoring in education during a 2‐year follow‐up analysis. Results showed less than half the subjects were majoring in education. Moreover, subjects with the poorest high school academic proficiency scores were much less likely to be attending college or majoring in education. A second purpose of this study was to describe high school academic proficiency levels in mathematics, reading, and science among students majoring in education as compared to all other college majors. Results showed high school academic proficiency scores of secondary education majors faired better, overall, than the general 4‐year college population. Conversely, 4‐year college students in elementary and early childhood education were more apt to have left high school with some academic deficiencies, especially in the area of science among early childhood majors.     

Training in counselling of school teachers

The present study is an attempt at training a group of school teachers in counselling. The aims were to monitor and evaluate the training process so that effective ways of training can be evolved. The implications of the study and applicability of the methodology for similar other programmes elsewhere are discussed.     

创新型教师队伍的培养

江泽民同志在庆祝北京师范大学建校一百周年大会上指出 :“教师在教育创新中承担着重要的使命。教师富有创新精神 ,才能培养出创新人才 ,教师应具备求真务实、勇于创新、严谨自律的治学态度和学术精神 ,努力发扬优良的学术风气和学术道德。”因此 ,基础教育应加强教师队伍建设 ,加大创新型教师的培养力度 ,为教师的可持续发展搭建平台 ,使之成为贯彻基础教育课程改革、实施新课程、全面推动素质教育进程的骨干力量。一、教师队伍现状基础教育是一场涉及转变教育思想、破除传统教学模式、探索一系列未知领域的深刻变革 ,在这场变革中 ,没有哪…     

Race and performance of student as determinants of teacher nonverbal behavior

This study tested the hypotheses that the nonverbal behavior of teachers is affected by the race and performance of their students. Fifty-six white college-age subjects, acting as teachers, were led to praise successful or unsuccessful students. The students were either white or black. Stimulus teachers' nonverbal behavior was recorded, and silent samples of their behavior were shown to naive judges who rated how pleased they appeared to be with their student. Results showed that stimulus teachers were more pleased with successful than unsuccessful students, and more pleased with white than black students.