Classroom-based elementary school affective education programs: A critical review

Twenty-three studies on the effectiveness of classroom-based, elementary school affective education programs were selected by predetermined criteria from published and unpublished research dating from 1970. The resulting research evidence was evaluated by methodological rigor, program type, grade level, program length, and leader's profession. The lack of positive significant findings in the more carefully designed studies provides little support for the effectiveness of affective education programs in promoting positive changes on either behavioral or affective measures, especially for programs with an internal focus. Studies of social-cognitive problem-solving programs produced promising results, but require further evidence of effectiveness. The results provide important implications for future research and professional practice.     

Two elementary school affective education programs — a research review

In recent years, a number of developmental counselling programs have become increasingly popular among counselors and teachers both in Canada and the United States. Programs such as Developing Understanding of Self and Others (D.U.S.O.), the Human Development Program (H.D.P.) and Toward Affective Development (T.A.D.) are designed to promote greater self-awareness, greater self-confidence and better interpersonal skills among students. In the present paper, the two most widely used elementary school programs, D.U.S.O. and the H.D.P., are examined and compared in terms of their objectives and format. Next, the research on each program is reviewed and finally suggestions for further research are made.Paper presented at the 9th International Round Table for the Advancement of Counselling, Thessaloniki (Greece), April 1980. Inquiries or requests for offprints should be directed to Dr. S. Robertson, Department of Educational Psychology, the University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, T2N 1N4 Canada.     

Effects of affective education interventions in the elementary school

Affective education programs have had an uneven impact upon children, teachers, and school systems, as have also affective interventions. By integrating environmental press research with Aptitude × Treatment Interaction (ATI) inquiry, affective education appears to be able to merge individual differences with assessment, intervention, and evaluation. This paper describes an experimental intervention and two active control programs and uses an ATI analysis for reporting their impact in the affective domain.     

古代蒙学教育与当代学前教育之我见

近年来,随着国学的兴起,仿照古代各种蒙学教育机构和蒙学读物如《三字经》、《百家姓》、《千字文》、《弟子规》、《幼学琼林》等如雨后春笋般涌现出来。在教材上、教学模式上当代学前教育与古代蒙学教育相比有其不同处;在教育理念上却也有其相通之处。如何借鉴古代蒙学教育的教育模式、教育理念,如何使古代蒙学教材为我们当代学前教育所用,同时传承中国传统文化,成为许多教育者共同研讨的话题。     

试论小学学校教育与家庭教育的结合

教育是一项包括家庭教育、学校教育、社会教育及教育者的自我教育的系统工程。教育学生，学校固然负有重要的责任，而家庭教育也是不可缺少的。客观地讲，学校教育和家庭教育各有优势，也各有局限性，特别是小学生，跟父母在一起的时间较多，如果家庭教育与学校教育配合不好，就会影响学校教育的质量和效果，从而影响孩子的健康成长。要使教育达到预期目的，教育工作者必须高度重视和认真研究学校教育与家庭教育的结合问题。     

小学英语情感教育模式初探

本文从多方面、多角度分析了小学英语情感教育的内涵、定义及存在的认识误区,并针对分析产生误区的原因,提出有效的解决策略。     

An evaluation of health and sexuality education in Turkish elementary school curricula

Research was undertaken to evaluate whether and to what extent the health‐related domains, including sexuality education, specified by the Development of Health Awareness in Adolescent Project Science Committee overlapped with the goals and objectives of the 2002/03 elementary school curricula (grades one to eight; ages 7–14 years) in Turkey. For this aim, the goals and objectives of the courses in the curricula that include health‐related and sexuality‐related subjects were compared by the seven domains with a total of 230 subcategories. The analysis demonstrated that 147 of the 230 subcategories matched the goals and objectives of the curricula with the highest frequencies in the domains of physical development, protection from detrimental‐external factors and healthy living habits. However, the domain of healthy beginning to life was found to have the lowest frequency. Moreover, subcategories such as pregnancy–birth, unintended pregnancy, sexual identity, changes in adolescence, sexual violence and abuse, birth control and sexual discrimination were not covered at all. These results are discussed in relation to the missing points that might have implications for policy and practice in health and sexuality education in Turkey.     

Motivational and affective determinants of self-regulatory strategy use in elementary school mathematics

The aim of the study was to investigate the relationships between elementary students’ reported use of self-regulatory strategies in mathematics and their motivational and affective determinants. Participants of the study were 344 fifth- and sixth-grade Greek students. Students were asked to complete self-reported measures regarding the strategies they use to self-regulate mathematics learning, their achievement goals in relation to mathematics, their self-efficacy concerning mathematics learning and achievement, the value they attribute to mathematics as a subject domain and their enjoyment of mathematics learning. Structural equation modelling confirmed a mediation model, that is, students’ mathematics self-efficacy, value beliefs about mathematics and enjoyment mediated the effects of achievement goals on reported strategy use. Results are discussed in terms of implications for elementary students’ self-regulated learning skills.     

将运动成就感融入小学体育教育的建议

目前对于运动成就感的理论和研究不多,在体育课中的作用也没有充分的得到重视,本文对运动成就感提出了一些看法,以期能够提高运动成就感在体育教学中的被重视程度,以及对体育课上提高运动成就感的方法和手段做出一些建议。     

小学低碳生活教育策略研究

低碳生活方式的养成涉及到两个问题:态度与行动,倡导低碳生活,必须从少年儿童抓起。小学阶段作为基础教育阶段,需要吸收国外先进的环保理念和运作方式,创建可持续发展部门,将环保教育融入到课堂内外,让每个孩子都具有节能、减耗、节支的意识,并形成观念,付诸行动。     

Joint trajectories of behavioral,affective, and cognitive engagement in elementary school

The aim of the present study was to model student trajectories of behavioral, affective, and cognitive engagement from Grade 3 to Grade 6. The authors also examined whether teachers perceptions could predict student trajectory membership. The authors collected data from a sample of 831 students and 152 teachers. Using multiple-process growth mixture modeling, they identified 5 distinct trajectories of student engagement. Although a large majority of children presented a stable and high level of engagement on the three dimensions over time, more than one third of them showed a lower or changing level of engagement as the years progressed. These students were more likely to be boys and to be perceived by teachers as being less engaged. They also present more learning or behavioral problems and share less positive relationships with teachers. The results support the need to consider group-based differences when designing and adapting prevention and intervention strategies to favor student engagement.     

Teacher education and elementary school science—1980

A challenging projection of science education replete with heuristic content. Dare one be imaginative?     

Aging education in elementary school textbooks in mainland China

It is well known that agism is present in both Eastern and Western literature, including in school textbooks. Older people are often portrayed as insignificant, sick, dependent, boring or lonely. Younger generations may develop “gerontophobia” from such textbooks, which is not beneficial for ensuring that individuals can live happily in their old age and may impede society’s ability to provide support for senior citizens. Mainland China currently has the largest elderly population in the world. This study aimed to assess elementary school textbooks in mainland China in terms of aging-related content using the instrument developed by Chin-shan Huang and to compare the results with those of previous related studies conducted in Taiwan and Western countries. This comparison illustrates the current status of aging education in school textbooks in mainland China.     

Preservice teachers' attitudes toward inclusion: Early childhood education and elementary education programs

Abstract

Teachers’ attitudes toward inclusion of children with disabilities play a central role in the successful inclusion of these children into general education classrooms. This study examined possible predictors of preservice teachers’ attitudes toward (1) persons with disabilities, and (2) inclusion of children with disabilities into general education classrooms. Participants were students majoring in early childhood education and elementary education. Preservice teachers’ attitudes toward persons with disabilities and inclusion were explained significantly by their personal relationships with persons who have disabilities and the number of courses related to special education/teaching strategies taken. However, preservice teachers’ experiences working with persons who have disabilities was not a significant predictor. Further, the relations between preservice teachers’ attitudes toward inclusion and personal experience variables were mediated by their attitudes toward persons with disabilities. This study provides evidence that more effective, practical experiences and course content related to children with disabilities, inclusion, and teaching strategies need to be provided in teacher education programs to support successful efforts with inclusion. This study also suggests that teacher education programs should strive to improve students’ attitudes toward inclusion, as well as toward persons with disabilities.     

"改制学校"与基础教育均衡发展

基础教育领域的“改制学校”是与社会主义教育本质要求相冲突的，它加剧了基础教育的非均衡发展，与我国教育法所规定的“公民不分民族、种族、性别、职业、财产状况、宗教信仰等，依法享有平等的受教育机会”不相符。最终解决办法只能是社会经济发展来推动教育的均衡发展。     

Trends in teachers' recommendations for changing elementary and junior-high school science programs

Since 1978 many studies have called for changes in the practices of science teaching. These changes in instruction will occur only when the teachers decide to change their practices. This study uses surveys to consider the question of what were the trends in the teachers' recommendations for changes in elementary and junior-high school science programs between the years of 1978 and 1982. Large samples of teachers in British Columbia, Canada, responded anonymously to questionnaires in these years: 3040 teachers in 1978 and 1631 in 1982, with return rates ranging from 77.5% to 85%. These teachers described themselves as shifting their classroom practices toward ones that emphasize passive learning and memorization. The British Columbia Science Assessments recommend more inservice programs to stop this trend. There were very few differences in the teachers' recommendations for changes in the schools. The elementary-school teachers had major changes in their rankings of only two activities: they increased their ranking of “activity-centered learning” and reduced their ranking of “outdoor education.”     

Recess, physical education, and elementary school student outcomes

Today's children experience a decreased amount of time at recess and fewer physical education (PE) classes throughout the school day. Breaks for physical activity limit class time for academics, potentially reducing learning. However, breaks may improve alertness and achievement. Using the Early Childhood Longitudinal Survey Kindergarten Class of 1998-1999, we evaluate how recess and PE in elementary school influence children's learning. We find no statistically significant or economically significant impacts of weekly recess or PE time on student learning for kindergarteners through fifth graders. For example, in kindergarten, adding an hour a week of recess reduces the average test score gain in reading by a statistically insignificant 0.01 standard deviations. An additional 49 min per week of PE in kindergarten improves reading test score gains by a statistically insignificant 0.05 standard deviations. We find no statistical difference in the male and female students’ response to recess and PE. Evidence suggests that recess and PE do not harm student outcomes.