Project PATRON—Audio and video on demand at the University of Surrey

In the March 1997 issue, Derek Law described the “Follet Program” which has provided finding and guided the development of digital library initiatives in the United Kingdom for several years now. In this column Elizabeth Lyon and Jon Maslin describe work at the University of Surrey which is a practical illustration of the success of the program in fostering leading edge experimentation resulting in production systems using a mix of off-the-shelf technology and local development. Project PATRON is an excellent example of the ways that libraries may support the teaching-learning process using technology enabled multi-media—CBL, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland.     

从管理角度探求数字图书馆信息安全的解决之道——《数字图书馆信息安全管理》书评

随着数字图书馆的发展,数字图书馆的信息安全问题日益凸显,如何“在不提升技术条件的前提下通过管理手段解决数字图书馆信息安全的现实问题”,《数字图书馆信息安全管理》一书对此给出了解决方案,提出了数字图书馆信息安全管理的依从标准,构建了数字图书馆信息安全风险评估和风险控制的数学模型,提炼出了数字图书馆信息安全风险评估和风险控制的模板。该书是近年来数字图书馆领域中一部理论和实践相结合的优秀专著。     

Collaborative Stewardship: Building a Shared,Central Collection of Print Legal Materials

Libraries are in an unprecedented period of change. The predominant publishing model is moving from print to digital. Libraries seek to strike the right balance between providing information that today's researcher needs just in time and preserving materials in print for tomorrow's researcher just in case. Legal resources present even greater challenges. This article will reflect how two organizations, the Legal Information Preservation Alliance (LIPA) and NELLCO, an international consortium of law libraries, are currently working together toward a collaborative solution.     

Seamless aggregation and integration of diverse datastreams: Essential strategies for building practical digital libraries and electronic information systems

In the current information environment, libraries need to leverage on the latest digital technologies as well as the traditional paper technologies towards building practical digital libraries and electronic information systems. Digital libraries built exclusively out of nascent electronic publications such as e-journals, e-books, e-reference works (Web-based training programs, computer-based training programs, etc.), digital scholarly works (monographs, etc. in the public domain) and digitized documents conforming to standard digital formats are proving to be an uphill and unfinished task. Perhaps this could be the major reason why the start-success-finish ratio of most of the digital library initiatives, particularly initiated by isolated/individual libraries, is still left at alarmingly low numbers. We find the motivational and emotional bonding among the stakeholders melting down eventually as the digital library development process gets fired up. There are a host of problems the enthusiastic library fraternity face in their digital library development endeavours starting from copyright issues, technology complexities, infrastructure threats, diverse publication types, multiplicity of digital object formats and above all the publishers’ stringent policies and monopolies. It is therefore essential that the libraries adopt necessary strategies towards developing digital libraries from the lessons learnt. The monolithic and all-in-one-container approach is no longer feasible and no more advocated. It is imperative on the part of the information professional to have a componentized and a multi-system approach to knowledge technologies and information management. Seamless aggregation and meticulous integration of diverse datastreams, embracing the print as well as the electronic information, is the most appropriate strategy to be adopted and applied. This paper shares Indian Institute of Management Kozhikode's experience in creating a state-of-art digital library information system by seamlessly integrating and aggregating the print as well as the diverse and distributed digital content penetrating into its knowledge domain. The paper highlights significant features of IIMK's digital information system—the content aggregation and the content integration strategies we adopted for designing a scholarship Web portal and developing a digital library using the ‘Greenstone’ open source digital library software. The paper also highlights the role of libraries in promoting open access by setting up scholarly institutional repositories (IR). In summary, today's digital library information system is to be seen from a much wider and more holistic perspective, and provided with a much broadened meaning to hold and put together all the print, digital and electronic information available and accessible to the library.     

云计算时代的数字图书馆信息安全思考

云计算时代数字图书馆的信息安全问题,一方面来自云服务提供商提供的安全保障,另一方面来自图书馆的信息安全需求。针对数字图书馆可能面临的安全存储、访问控制、权限管理、数据保密及知识产权等信息安全问题,云计算时代的数字图书馆应采用最新的技术手段、统一身份认证、严格控制访问权限、加快信息安全基础设施建设、制定相关标准及政策法规,以保障图书馆的合法权利和数据安全。     

数字图书馆:定义、影响和相关问题

ＬＡＳＳＮＵＭＢＥＲＧ３５６１引言９０年代以来,数字图书馆理论与技术已成为图书情报学界的一个国际性热点论题,已成为美国、英国和日本等发达国家图书馆高技术应用的一个新领域。西方国家陆续启动了一些试验性或示范性数字图书馆项目,如美国６所著名大学的“数字图...     

图书馆数字化建设的著作权管理方案

论述我国图书馆数字化建设过程中存在的著作权问题和解决这一问题的重要意义。指出可通过以下途径解决著作权问题,包括:利用合理使用和有效利用法定许可制度与著作权集体管理组织签订著作权许可使用合同;与编辑出版者签订著作权许可使用合同;直接由著作权人授权;通过各类学会、协会等行业团体出面组织、代理有关著作权事宜等。     

数字图书馆知识产权问题探析

建设数字图书馆,开展数字化信息服务已成为当今图书馆的发展方向。数字图书馆建设和服务过程中涉及许多知识产权问题,正确处理好知识产权问题,对于数字图书馆的发展具有重大的现实意义。在分析数字图书馆涉及知识产权问题的基础上,探讨了数字图书馆知识产权保护办法。     

由信息过滤引发的基于知识的过滤机制构想

在分析信息过滤理论背景的基础上,指出目前信息过滤系统存在的主要瓶颈问题是:相关度过滤算法过于依赖文本统计分析方法;信息质量过滤算法严重缺乏;如何创建精确的用户模板以表达用户的信息需求。在此基础上,探讨借助信息过滤技术建立基于知识的过滤机制的必要性与前景,同时提出建立基于知识的过滤机制的关键技术与模式的设想。     

数字图书馆异构数据库的现状及解决方法

由于数字图书馆数据库的发展过程中存在异构数据的现象,给读者查询带来极大的不便,因而需要对异构数据进行整合与集成,使其具有集成性、完整性、一致性和访问安全性等,以便于读者查询访问,实现图书馆信息资源的真正共享。目前,利用VC++的ODBC技术,已经能够很好地解决数据库管理系统本身异构的多源异构数据库的共享问题。     

图书馆数字资源门户的构建

介绍数字资源门户的功能,认为图书馆数字资源门户的服务模式应按照用户搜索信息的思考习惯、行为模式设计,用户搜索数字资源的行为决定了图书馆的工作目标;构建数字资源门户需要数字资源标准化和接口通用化等技术方面的支持; 提出图书馆数字资源门户构建过程中面临的若干问题。     

高校图书馆读者流失问题分析

随着网络的发展,越来越多的读者使用网络搜索引擎作为获取信息服务的入口,许多高校图书馆都面临不同程度的到馆读者减少的问题。通过对高校读者使用信息资源情况的分析,笔者认为目前使用高校图书馆的读者人数并没有明显的减少,图书馆应该更多关注改进信息服务的方式,以适应新环境下读者对信息服务方式的要求。     

Digital Libraries in the Central African Sub-region: A Case Study of Cameroon

Valuable research is being carried out in the developing countries but researchers are hampered by not being able to access, use, and share essential scientific information. Nurturing a capability for creating local information collections is an effective strategy for sustained long-term human development as knowledge fostering cultural and scientific exchange can be assembled, thus increasing international understanding. Digitization offers the promise of increasing access to resources while preserving the original information. Digital libraries provide access to an integrated collection of print, electronic, and multimedia resources delivered seamlessly and transparently to users regardless of their physical location or the location and ownership of the information.This paper looks at the current state and future perspective of digital libraries in Cameroon, which is a reflection of the situation in the Central African sub-region where she is the leading nation. It outlines the advantages and disadvantages of digitization and proposes an urgent overhauling of the information infrastructure to lay down the basis of knowledge acquisition, storage, transfer, and management; else the notion of digital libraries will continue to be a myth. We need to start now to begin our journey on this revolutionary and evolutionary path toward this future learning environment.     

数字图书馆建设与发展中的缺憾及思考

探讨数字图书馆建设和发展进程中在科学定义、信息组织、服务创新、成本核算、法律保障等方面存在的问题。阐明数字图书馆的建设必须明确发展的目标与方向,加快形成数字图书馆建设的合力;制定科学的评估体系,注重数字信息资源的整合,关注技术发展趋势,不断开展服务创新。同时,要积极转变观念,加强成本核算,努力提高数字图书馆的使用效益。     

基于网格技术的数字图书馆互操作框架

网格技术是近年来国际上兴起的一种重要信息技术,它的目标是实现网络虚拟环境上的高性能资源共享和协同工作,消除信息孤岛和资源孤岛。随着数字图书馆的迅速发展,互操作成为亟待解决的重要问题。目前互操作的一些技术方法在实现大规模的数字图书馆互操作方面都存在一定的局限性。笔者提出一种建立在网格技术基础上的数字图书馆互操作框架,为解决大规模数字图书馆的互操作提供了一种新的途径。     

Advances and Trends in Geospatial Information Accessibility-Part I

Abstract

Geospatial information access continues to be central to the mission of geography and map libraries. Providing or facilitating access has been, and continues to be, a dynamic process in light of both technological change and policy challenges. While technological changes in providing access have gathered much attention in the literature, substantive discussions regarding policies and practices preventing or assisting information access have been lacking. Even more troubling is the fact that archiving digital geospatial information receives even less attention. This first paper reviews developments and trends with regard to digital geospatial libraries, as this concept has become the primary metaphor by which access is measured. The second paper will focus on international trends related to the effect of policy and practice in terms of promoting the sharing and use of geospatial information needed to bridge gaps in access. These comparative policy and practice perspectives are also needed in order to point to the true promise held by new technologies for sharing, exemplified by digital libraries designed for geospatial information.     

Digital Libraries in the Central African Sub-region: A Case Study of Cameroon

Valuable research is being carried out in the developing countries but researchers are hampered by not being able to access, use, and share essential scientific information. Nurturing a capability for creating local information collections is an effective strategy for sustained long-term human development as knowledge fostering cultural and scientific exchange can be assembled, thus increasing international understanding. Digitization offers the promise of increasing access to resources while preserving the original information. Digital libraries provide access to an integrated collection of print, electronic, and multimedia resources delivered seamlessly and transparently to users regardless of their physical location or the location and ownership of the information.

This paper looks at the current state and future perspective of digital libraries in Cameroon, which is a reflection of the situation in the Central African sub-region where she is the leading nation. It outlines the advantages and disadvantages of digitization and proposes an urgent overhauling of the information infrastructure to lay down the basis of knowledge acquisition, storage, transfer, and management; else the notion of digital libraries will continue to be a myth. We need to start now to begin our journey on this revolutionary and evolutionary path toward this future learning environment.     

基于Web2.0的数字图书馆个性化信息服务研究

从W eb2.0的含义和典型技术入手,围绕当前W eb2.0在数字图书馆个性化信息服务的应用进行了论述。讨论了传统的个性化信息服务工作中存在的问题,应用基于W eb2.0技术方法来解决这些不足,并对其未来的发展趋势和前景进行了展望。     

Digital library development: identifying sources of content for developing countries with special reference to India

Digital libraries aim at unhindered access to content over computer and communication networks, and digitization may be taken as a visible proposition to enhance the shelf life of non-digital content by preservation apart from the virtue of increased and easy access, thereby furthering usage. As a fresh, lively and dynamic area with a lot of enthusiasm and activity by researchers from different disciplines, institutions and countries, digital libraries are viewed in different perspectives and the single most development that has brought about sweeping changes in the library and information discipline currently in the developed world is that of digital libraries. Advancements in computer and information technology with breakthroughs in memory technology has not only reduced the cost of infrastructure required for hosting digital libraries, but the demonstrated success of a wide variety of projects in USA and Europe also endorsed the chances of their survival even in a developing country. Though the professionals and libraries in developing countries are also experiencing the virtues of Internet, and electronic information highways, many of these libraries have not gone much farther than the computerization of in-house operations, availing databases in electronic media such as CD-ROMs, and web access of subscribed journals and various free resources. Digital library development should be taken up as an additional task to populate the web sites with valuable in-house content like the research reports, publications of in-house researchers, and so on. Digital library projects and developments in the country are so many, though a large number of them are only at an aggressively enthusiastic preliminary stage. In a country such as India so rich in content of indigenous research and development in disciplines varied from science and technology to social science, humanities and spirituality, there is tremendous need for hosting full fledged digital libraries by appropriately tagging the content with affordable information technology. However, what is lacking, especially in developing countries, is a coordinated collaborative approach to bring in institutions and identifying content valuable for digitization with sufficient monetary and infrastructure support. The digital library development in the country needs a two-pronged strategy (i) to digitize local content, and (ii) to devise options for accessing external resources. Channels for internal content include journals and serials for research, conference proceedings, theses and dissertations and preprints, research and status reports, textbooks and learning materials, government publications, spiritual/heritage sources, tourism information, traditional knowledge, etc. As far as external resources are concerned, there are electronic options from publishers and information provides such as, online access through Web of subscribed journals, CDs and floppies containing supplementary material of printed books, bibliographic/full-text databases, which can be hosted on library servers or intranet along with local content. The problems for digital library development are manifold in India such as lack of interest, non-availability of computer and IT infrastructure for library activities, copyright problems, ensuring secure access, properly selecting content from the mass available, internet bandwidth, absence of sufficient financial support, over concentration of professional time on administrative routines, acute shortage over concentration of professional time on administrative routines, acute shortage of competent manpower, etc. The software boom engulfing the country, as a result of the big leap in computer penetration, sudden rise in proficient manpower, and sizable improvement in communication infrastructure should also be treated as an asset and taken advantage of by authorities and information professionals to create and maintain digital information facilities to usher in the new information age.     

Borrowing demand at local public libraries in Sweden

This research explored the determinants of borrowing demand for print books and media at local public libraries in Sweden for the period of 1995–2007. The role of the Swedish local public libraries seemed to have fundamentally changed during the period analyzed. They have had an increasingly important role to play in equalizing income opportunities. This was only the case for the working part of the population, however. Those outside the labor force, as well as the unemployed—had substantially lower borrowing demand for both print books and media. This fact appears to be one of the more demanding challenges facing Swedish public libraries today, together with the fact that while children are the most frequent borrowers, they become the least frequent borrowers of all age groups when they turn into teens.