开启学生写作的“动力系统”

写作是学生运用语言文字进行表达和交流的重要方式,但是,它却一直是学生的一大难题。传统的作文教学总是在低效的困境中徘徊不前,教师怕教作文,面对学生东拼西凑的作文常常束手无策;学生怕写作文,     

浅谈想象在写作中的作用

要想使文章形象、生动地表达出自己的感受 ,使读者如身临其境 ,在兴奋和愉悦中接受文章中凝聚的内涵 ,这就要求作者在写作中具有一个极其重要的能力———想象。对于想象这个名词 ,我们不会感到陌生 ,《三国演义》、《西游记》、《红楼梦》、《水浒》等古典名著被拍成电影、电视剧 ,就是通过艺术家的想象再现出来的历史画卷。有限的人生注定了有限的阅历 ,任何人都不可能走遍世界所有的名山大川 ,但是 ,当我们读到优美的游记 ,就能感受到那里的气息 ,浮现出优美的景致。这是想象给我们带来的无穷魅力。当我们面对浩瀚的宇宙 ,我们会畅想若干…     

写作是真情的流露

为什么说要用“真情”来写作？ 当下学生写作文普遍缺乏真情实感,抒写真实感情的作文日渐稀少。文章当以抒情述志为本。刘勰说：“情者,文之经。”《文心雕龙》十分强调情感在文学创作全过程中的作用。要求文学创作要“志思蓄愤,而吟咏情性”,主张“为情而造文”,反对“为文而造情”（《情采》）。     

走向边缘的女性“个人化”写作

在社会的不断发展中，“人”作为个体逐渐受到了重视，个体的人在觉醒中被确立。由于女作家远比于男作家的敏感性，九十年代的女性文学创作率先走向了“个人化”的创作倾向，在作品中逐渐转向对女性自身的发现，对女性的生命形态的描述。在一些创作中，由于过分突出女性的女性意识、个人化意识，而陷入了狭隘的境地，完全脱离“宏大叙事”的“束缚”，走向了一种超性别意识的边缘化写作中。他们的这些个人化写作无外乎只是对男性中以话语的一种消解与对抗，并非女性文学创作的价值日标。我们应该营造一种多元化的、关注社会与人类的、突出女性意识与生命体验的创作格局。     

论写作行为与创作行为之区别

写作行为和创作行为是不同的两种行为：一、功利实用性的写作心态和明确的目的性是写作行为非常突出的特征;创作的非目的性、审美性、自由的创作心态是创作行为的重要特质。二、写作行为讲究章合体,操作上有一定的工艺程序性、规范性;创作则要求时时创新,体式不是最重要的．关键在乎情,创作从根本上来说不可教不可学。三、写作行为偏重于实用思维、理性思维和功利意祝,本上形式服从内容的需要和支配;创作行为主要依仗审美思维,本上内容和结构同构,形成一种有意味的暗示。     

过程与目的:关于写作的话题

写作的本来意义与功名利禄不太相干，它是人们社会生活的应有内容，也是人们心理生活的应有内容，它属于生活本身。对于好的作来说，写作就是过程：写作使我们充实，使我们充满允愉，对于利用写作达到外在于写作目的人，写作就是目的。因此，真正写作的人不必理会外界的喧嚣。     

论写作行为与创作行为之区别

写作行为和创作行为是不同的两种行为：一、功利实用性的写作心态和明确的目的性是写作行为非常突出的特征;创作的非目的性、审美性、自由的创作心态是创作行为的重要特质。二、写作行为讲究文章合体,操作上有一定的工艺程序性、规范性;创作则要求时时创新,体式不是最重要的,关键在乎情,创作从根本上来说不可教不可学。三、写作行为偏重于实用思维、理性思维和功利意识,文本上形式服从内容的需要和支配;创作行为主要依仗审美思维,文本上内容和结构同构,形成一种有意味的暗示。     

中学生写作行为的探讨

人本性、生活性和人文性,是中学生写作行为的主要支撑点。认真探讨中学生的写作行为,无论对于实践新课程标准,还是对于培养学生的创新思维能力,都具有重要的现实意义。     

应用写作与文学创作之差异分析

写作是一门具有悠久历史的古老科学。应用写作与文学创作是写作学的两个分支,它们相辅相成,共同编织着写作天地的灿烂世界。     

论艺术起源的动力系统

本文以“生命的生产”为核心概念，把艺术起源的各种理论，综合为一个结构有序的动力系统。其中生命生产的两大基因——食欲和性欲是一级动力，通讯、游戏、摹仿等本能活动是二级动力，生命生产意识是三级动力。根据艺术起源的过程论思想，还把原始艺术区分为艺术Ⅰ(工具艺术)、艺术Ⅱ(图腾艺术)，艺术Ⅲ(彩陶艺术)三阶段，并认为由前艺术(使用天然工具)向艺术Ⅰ(打制石质工具)的飞跃，是在二级动力的推动下实现的。     

Enacting anti-racist writing workshop pedagogies in an online,drop-in writing club for youth

This article documents the authors' modification and implementation of anti-racist writing workshop (ARWW) practices in the context of an online, drop-in writing club, Pens Out. We sought to understand how teens perceive writing practices that are not white-normed — specifically, centring relationships instead of prizing individuality, embedding choice instead of replicating one authorial view and observing writerly craft instead of errors. As white-identifying educators and researchers, we engaged in practitioner inquiry to understand how programme participants who live in a predominately white region experience these practices. We asked: How do attendees understand and describe experiences with writing workshop pedagogies that seek to de-centre whiteness? This question has become increasingly important as politicians in the United States restrict anti-racist educational practices and content. We used conventional content analysis to observe themes across five participants' semi-structured interviews. Findings indicated that participants' relationships with each other produced inspiration and reciprocity, writing expectations from inside and outside the club affected choice and risk taking, and observing craft multimodally encouraged sharing and reciprocity. What we discovered can help teachers and leaders of K12 writing workshops implement ARWW practices and increase allyship while discussing and questioning hegemonic ideals in K12 schooling.     

论文化差异对大学生英语写作的影响

本文对影响大学生英语写作能力的因素进行了分析。在此基础上提出中西方文化差异是影响大学生英语写作能力的根本因素的观点,并具体分析了中西方在"语言表达"写作思维"习惯用语"写作方式"等方面的文化差异对英语写作能力的影响。阐述了在加强西方文化的教学过程中,增加西方文化知识教学内容、加强阅读、背诵句子、学习和锻炼西方人写作的方法等提高大学生英语写作能力的方法。     

基于互动合作原则的大学英语写作研究

本文在分析当前大学英语写作教学现状的基础上,探讨了在建构主义、过程教学法理论指导下的小组互动合作写作教学模式。这种模式强调教师应在大学英语写作过程的不同阶段利用小组间的互动合作通过多重角色体验,多向互动交流协作,使学生获得更多的练习机会,改善学生写作策略意识,增强学生的读者意识,培养学生的语言交际能力,提高学生的写作技能。     

English for Specific Purposes and Academic Literacies: eclecticism in academic writing pedagogy

Academic Literacies and English for Specific Purposes perspectives on the teaching of academic writing tend to be positioned as dichotomous and ideologically incompatible. Nonetheless, recent studies have called for the integration of these two perspectives in the design of writing programmes in order to meet the needs of students in the increasingly diverse and shifting landscape of academia. The aim of the present paper is to reflect on how this theoretical integration could be put into practice. Drawing on the design of a research-based writing workshop for postgraduate anthropology students, we argue that rather than a ‘hybrid’ model of writing pedagogy, a theoretically grounded but eclectic approach is needed in order to respond to students’ personal, local, and disciplinary contexts.     

Peer facilitated writing groups: a programmatic approach to doctoral student writing

Very few empirical studies have investigated programmes in which doctoral students act as peer facilitators in faculty writing groups. We report on the development of a centrally delivered doctoral student writing programme in which twenty student participants were mentored and provided with the resources to initiate their own faculty-based doctoral writing groups. ‘Legitimate peripheral participation’ was used as a conceptual lens to interpret the data collected during the establishment and evaluation of the programme. All student participants in the preparatory training course, which was developed in consultation with postgraduate students and research supervisors, went on to become doctoral writing peer facilitators of peer writing groups. Insights from seven of these showed how a well-structured and supportive programme harnessed the benefits of peer learning by bringing personal rewards to participants and building institutional capacity around doctoral research writing literacies.     

专门针对SQA-NHD国际本科生的学术用途英语写作课程设计

与普通的大学生不同,来自SQA-NHD国际本科项目的学生是一个特殊的学习群体。由于国内高校英语教学的目的、方法、课程设置和考试制度与英语国家大学有所不同,决定了在为这一类特殊学生开设英语写作课程时需要有专门的设计。基于此,结合教学实践,提出了一项针对国际本科生的学术用途英语写作课程设计,以期培养和锻炼国际本科生的英语学术论文写作能力。     

Assessment for Learning in the writing classroom: an incomplete realisation

An Observation Guide, designed to help New Zealand teachers identify areas of teaching strength and aspects for development, was developed as part of a wider project. In the second phase of this project, 18 middle school teachers used the Guide to gather and record evidence as they participated in seven rounds of reciprocal peer observation and feedback during writing lessons with Grades 6–8 students. We report here on data from round 6 observations about the assessment for learning (AfL) strategies reported as evident in teachers’ practices, how these strategies were implemented and potential gaps in practice. AfL has at its heart a core of interdependent strategies that collectively contribute to the development of autonomous, self-regulating learners and quality learning. While the middle school teachers shared goals for learning and communicated what counted as successful achievement to students, they appeared to struggle when articulating goals in terms of literacy learning and conveying the substantive aspects and quality expected in students’ writing. In addition, despite AfL's promotion of learner autonomy, few teachers openly afforded students focused opportunities to take a meaningful role in their learning through the appraisal of their own and peers’ writing and the joint construction of feedback. As such, teachers’ AfL practice in the writing classroom failed to realise its full potential. It is argued that the promise of AfL can only be reached when strategies are enacted in ways that reflect its unitary nature, promote quality outcomes and give students a central role in their learning.     

Developing grass roots writing resources: a novel approach to writing within the social work discipline

In this case study, we report on the development of a writing-specialist position, the ‘Writing Resource Coordinator (WRC)’, in a school of social work at a large state university in the southern USA. Such programs are facing increasing budgetary pressures at the same time as their growing enrollments strain available resources. Students who arrive under-prepared or un-acculturated to the discipline often suffer high writing-related anxiety, putting them at risk for low performance, or dropping out altogether. The WRC provides discipline-specific ‘grass roots’ writing assistance to the most at-risk students through a program aimed at both students and faculty, providing a two-pronged service strategy including: (a) individual consultations and (b) group-oriented seminars and workshops. We describe the implementation of this resource and offer recommendations for improving upon and adopting this approach in social science programs at comparable institutions.     

合作写作--元认知支持应用于作文教学的尝试

英国学者Fiona Yarrow和Keith J.Topping创立的配对写作模式,是一种非常灵活的结构性合作写作体系,它以整合元认知和社会互动的方法支持学生的写作发展。其中,带有元认知支持的配对写作流程图,不仅能有效地提高学生的写作成绩,而且能激发写作兴趣,增强自信心及自我效能感,培养协作精神。因此,该研究具有较高的理论意义和实践价值,是一项极具创新的作文教改实验,值得我们研究与借鉴。     

从《善女人行品》看施蛰存小说的内心独白

施蛰存是通过显尼志勒才了解弗洛伊德及其理论的,并用弗洛伊德的理论和显尼志勒所擅长的内心独白,将人物的性心理描写到极至。在《善女人行品》里,施蛰存以内心独白写女性性心理,是“完全研究女性心理及行为的小说”,施蛰存写的女性都是欲望的畅想者,而不是欲望的实践者。