论大学课堂教学中师生交互关系

构建大学课堂师生交互关系要做到:树立正确的观念是前提,相互理解是基础,相互对话是突破口,相互沟通是关键,交互吸引是最终目的。     

作为方法的教育学

教育学作为一门学科蕴含三层旨趣,即作为课程的教育学、作为理论的教育学与作为方法的教育学。目前作为课程的教育学已基本成熟,作为理论的教育学也处在发展中,但作为方法的教育学才刚刚萌芽。教育学只有在“课程”与“理论”之外,在学科方法以及方法论的基础上发展出独特的学科视界与理解方式,才能称之为完备的学术性学科。文章认为,成熟的教育学不仅意味着一门课程、一种理论,而且代表着一种方法、一种思维方式。     

‘When I am being rushed it slows down my brain’: constructing self-understandings as a mathematics learner

Understanding learning disabilities (LDs) as constructed through multiple cultural practices including discourse, this paper focuses on a Latino middle school student with a LD named Elijah. This study documents both the discourses and practices used to position Elijah as a mathematics learner, as well as his use of similar discourses as he constructs a complex set of self-understandings as a mathematics learner. Elijah is positioned by discourses that prioritise speed as an indicator of mathematical ability, as well as discourses that construct students with LD as having both intelligence and differences such as processing speed. An analysis of interview and observational data suggests that Elijah constructed a unique set of self-understandings as a mathematics learner. Like his sixth-grade special education teacher, Elijah seems to differentiate between knowledge and the performance of knowledge in school. He created a unique identity as both ‘fast’ and ‘slow’ in mathematics, rejecting the binary found in many mathematics classrooms. These findings suggest that multiple discourses circulate in schools about ability and disability in mathematics.     

Growing and developing as a university researcher

While there is a substantial body of literature on academics’ development as teachers, investigation of their development as researchers post-PhD is rare. This study undertook an investigation of academics’ ways of understanding their own growth and development as a university researcher. Four qualitatively different ways of understanding research development emerged: (1) Becoming confident as a researcher; (2) Becoming recognised as a researcher; (3) Becoming more productive as a researcher; and (4) Becoming more sophisticated as a researcher. The first category of development was seen as most relevant to the early stages of an academic career, when doing a PhD or during one’s first academic appointment, but may also re-occur at later stages of a career during changes in research direction, etc. The last three categories are seen as relevant to all career stages, including more advanced stages as well as the early stages of a research career. Comparisons between academics’ ways of understanding their growth and development as a university researcher and as a university teacher are also presented.     

Understanding Periodicity as a Process with a Gestalt Structure

This paper presents a two phase investigation of how Israeli students (grades 3 to 12) understand the concept of periodicity. Qualitative study, including classroom observations, as well as interviews with students and with teachers, was performed as a first phase. Quantitative study, including a survey of 895 eleventh grade students, was performed as a second phase. Students' errors in relating to non-periodic phenomena and to non-periodic function as periodic, as well as their period preferment, were revealed in both phases and were classified. The evidence supports the claim that students understand periodicity as a process. The students' errors and preferences are discussed with reference to two frameworks: (1) the understanding of periodicity as a process, (2) the Gestalt theory.     

经典的生成与文学的合法性——文化生产场域视野中的传统诗经学考察

传统诗经学经历了先秦、汉唐、宋元、明清等各具特色的不同阶段。这是一个漫长的由文化《诗经》到文学《诗经》的过程,即由经学语境生成文学语境的过程。本文用布迪厄的场域理论,把《诗三百》由“经”而“诗”的现象放到文化生产场即文学场中去作整体考察和审视,以探寻经学和文学生成的过程及合法性。     

Developing a Professional Identity as an Elementary Teacher of Nature of Science: A self-study of becoming an elementary teacher

This study explores the development of professional identity as a teacher of nature of science (NOS). Our research question was ‘How can a teacher develop a professional identity as an elementary teacher of NOS?' Through a researcher log, videotaped lessons, and collection of student work, we were able to track efforts in teaching NOS as part of regular classroom practice. A team of four researchers interpreted the data through the Beijaard et al. professional identity framework and found that it was not as simple and straightforward to teach NOS as we predicted. Development of professional identity as a teacher of NOS was influenced by contextual factors such as students, administration, and time, as well as personal struggles that were fraught with emotion. Development took place through an interpretation and reinterpretation of self through external factors and others' perceptions, as well as the influence of sub-identities.     

Self Examination, Philosophical Education and Spirituality

As a contribution to thinking about the possibility of spiritual education, I examine Pierre Hadot's important distinction between 'philosophy as theory', a detached investigation into 'the natures of things', and 'philosophy as a way of life', practical exercises which Socrates introduced as a means of 'learning to die'. While most philosophy today amounts to 'philosophy as theory', 'philosophy as a way of life' remains a respectable and viable tradition and a most exacting education of the spirit. I illustrate it here through an examination of some of its practitioners such as St Bernard of Clairvaux, Ludwig Wittgenstein and Etty Hillesum.     

酒言醉语

“在欧洲,人们认为酒跟食物一样健康常见．同时也是带来幸福、安康与欢乐的好东西。喝酒并不代表这个人精于世故．也不代表他城府颇深或者是一名狂热分子：喝酒如同吃饭,是件很自然的事情．并且对我来说是必须的。”——厄纳斯特·海明威,《流动的盛宴》。     

A Caring Teacher: Explorations into primary school teachers' professional identity and ethic of care

This article explores primary school teachers' conceptions of caring within teaching and discusses the relevance of an ethic of care for teaching. Thirty-two Swiss and English primary school teachers participated in this exploratory study. The methodology included semi-structured interviews as well as image-based approaches employing photographs and drawings. Caring within teaching can be understood in a range of ways: caring as commitment, caring as relatedness, caring as physical care, caring as expressing affection, such as giving a cuddle, caring as parenting and caring as mothering. The author suggests that these definitions of caring within teaching can be placed along a continuum. Caring understood as mothering at one end of this continuum is distinctly associated with traditional Western notions of femininities whereas caring as commitment is non-gender-specific. Caring as relatedness can be linked with the concept of ethic of care, which has been conceptualised as a moral perspective more often held by women. The findings of this study challenge this view, as an ethic of care understood as responsibility for and relatedness to their pupils emerged amongst men as well as women.     

高等教育学学科合法化的一种理性诠释

高等教育学的学科合法化，一直处于学科研究人员和高等教育研究人员的“视野之外”和“盲点之中”，结果造成高等教育学学科建设的研究表面繁荣，而其学科合法化地位一直未得到确认的不良状况和倒置局面。高等教育学要想在人文、社会和自然科学圈中确立自己的学科合法化地位，必须科学解析合法化、学科合法化与高等教育学学科合法化的内涵和外延，从而确立高等教育学学科合法化基础，推进高等教育学作为一门学科的学科合法化和科学化进程。     

Teachers’ conceptions of representation in middle school mathematics

Current reform efforts call for an emphasis on the use of representation in the mathematics classroom across levels and topics. The aim of the study was to examine teachers’ conceptions of representation as a process in doing mathematics, and their perspectives on the role of representations in the teaching and learning of mathematics at the middle-school level. Interviews with middle school mathematics teachers suggest that teachers use representations in varied ways in their own mathematical work and have developed working definitions of the term primarily as a product in problem solving. However, teachers’ conception of representation as a process and a mathematical practice appears to be less developed, and, as a result, representations may have a peripheral role in their instruction as well. Further, the data suggested that representation is viewed as a topic of study rather than as a general process, and as a goal for the learning of only a minority of the students—the high-performing ones. Implications for mathematics teacher education, prospective and practicing, are discussed.     

影响高等职教可持续发展的几个问题

进入新世纪的高等职教要切实走内涵式发展道路,以观念转轨为前提,以评估验收为手段,以正常 投入为途径,以专业建设和质量建设为龙头,以师资建设为根本,实现可持续的稳步发展。     

大学生开展课题研究的问题与引导对策

研究性学习是大学生学习的主要形式,课题研究是研究性学习的重要内容。目前大学生开展课题研究的意识普遍淡薄,缺乏科学、严谨的研究态度,而且开展科学研究的基础知识和基本能力还需要进一步提高。因此,应以转变观念为出发点,以教师榜样示范为突破口,以课堂教学为核心,以课外活动为重点,以研究性评价为手段,提高大学生开展课题研究的能力。     

20世纪90年代中国大众文艺的后现代特征

大众文艺在中国20世纪90年代以来已经成为当代文化的一个鲜明的特征,它比较充分地体现出了后现代主义的某些特征。主要表现在:向现代性的严肃文学艺术和主流叙事挑战;反省/检讨、质疑/追问"现代性";厌倦那种大胆的历险与尝试、创造新潮的姿态,而回归一种对世俗日常生活的兴趣和温馨、柔美的文化絮语情调;坚持直觉原则,对理性进行质疑和挑战,藐视权威和权力角逐,追求个性张扬或物质利益最大化。     

Beginning to Understand Teaching as a Discipline

We explore the possibility of understanding teaching as a discipline in its own right, rather than as a domain that is ancillary to the many academic disciplines. While teaching looks easy and is widely regarded as easy, the image of teaching as transmission and the perspective of technical rationality mask the many ways in which challenging and engaging teaching represents a highly disciplined view. When extended to teacher education, the perspective of teaching as a discipline sheds powerful light on longstanding frustrations reported by those learning to teach. We argue for the conclusion that teaching is a discipline and that teacher education is the home of that discipline, with self-study as one of the central methodologies for making explicit the knowledge inherent in teaching seen as a discipline.     

Constructing “world-class” as “global”: a case study of the National University of Singapore

This article investigates the ways in which newly-established higher education institutions (HEIs) position themselves as “world-class” through constructing themselves as “global”. With the escalating “free market” and competitive forces arising from the marketization of education, most universities see a construction of themselves as global universities as a necessity, where the global mark is valued as a signal of quality across markets and thus positions the universities as world-class. This study specifically examines how one very successful emerging university, the National University of Singapore, constructs and promotes itself as a global institution through three strategies.     

知识生产力:历史演变与特征

知识生产力是人类社会生产力演化的新阶段,是一种新形态的生产力。知识生产力的形成经历了一个很长的历史过程,是人类物质生产力充分发展、需要结构变化、环境的约束、知识商品化以及信息技术发展等因素综合作用的结果。知识生产力是以知识为基础的生产力,它意味着知识不仅成为生产力的主导因素、增长的主要源泉,而且成为生产力发展的先导因素。知识生产力是知识的生产、传播和使用的过程,是以信息化的充分发展为基础,具有全球性的、以人为本的、可持续发展特性的生产力。     

用"学、教、研"原则构建计算机辅助教学模式

计算机辅助教学目前尚未形成一个规范化的态势,更未有一个科学的评价体系来引导.合理的计算机辅助教学应该是一种以学生为学习主体,以教师为主导,以课件为主动学习,促进思维的手段,以培养学生的能力、发展学生的智力为目的的课堂教学结构.在师范教育中探讨一种用"教师是主导,学生是主体"原则构建的、以培养学生主体人格素质带动"学、教、研"综合素质培养为目的的计算机辅助教学模式将引发一场深刻的变革.