浅议SC理论中的空谓语“Ф”

赵欣认为,汉语补语小句中的空谓语不是Sybesma和Mulder所提的“there”,而是在语义和句法上与“there”相近的动词“有”;并用SC理论分析了处所义双宾结构,但其解释并不理想,不具有说服力。其实Sybesma和Mulder提出的空谓语“Ф”,并不就是“thele”,它只是一个零形式——空谓语,跟“有”和“there”作用相仿,表示存在或出现的意义,要求其主语必须是不定指的名词。而在用SC理论分析“放在桌子上一本书”等处所义补语结构时,空谓语“Ф”位于最下层小句中,为主句动词提供一个终结点。通过论证,这种分析更合理。     

浅议SC理论中的空谓语"Φ"

赵欣认为,汉语补语小句中的空谓语不是Sybesma和Mulder所提的"there",而是在语义和句法上与"there"相近的动词"有";并用SC理论分析了处所义双宾结构,但其解释并不理想,不具有说服力.其实Sybesma和Mulder提出的空谓语"Φ",并不就是"there",它只是一个零形式--空谓语,跟"有"和"there"作用相仿,表示存在或出现的意义,要求其主语必须是不定指的名词.而在用SC理论分析"放在桌子上一本书"等处所义补语结构时,空谓语"Φ"位于最下层小句中,为主句动词提供一个终结点.通过论证,这种分析更合理.     

结果补语小句分析和小句的内部结构

补语小句分析中有两个值得注意的问题,即结果补语结构中NP的句法语义性质和VP的构造形式。在结果补语小句的内部结构中,“了”是小句中“体投射”的中心词,即补语小句的谓语动词要先通过向小句内AspP的中心词“了”位置的移位来建立整个句子的“T链条”,才能保证句子得到完整的时态解释。“小句理论”对分析汉语结果补语结构和相关结构都具有较强的解释力,是汉语研究中一种值得重视的句法和语义分析理论。     

"V成"述补结构的句法形式

“V成”述补结构可以分为表示事物完成的“V成1”式、表示事件完成的“V成2”式和表示“成为”的“V成3”式。“V成1”式是典型的结果补语小句结构,“V成3”式是含有致使者的结果补语小句结构,这两类也就是以往研究中所区分的“成功”类和“成为”类“V成”述补结构。这两种结构在补语小句理论的基础上可以得到统一解释。     

介词短语“在＋处所”结构的分布类型及其语义研究

本文分析了介词短语"在+处所"结构出现在句首、句中作状语及在谓语后作补语的不同分布类型及其语义的辨析.句首状语与句中状语的不同主要是说话人心理视点的不同.而状语位置与补语位置的意义差别在于状语位置表达的意义为:从某一方面对动作行为加以限定、描写:补语位置则表示动作行为或动作行为致使事物最后到达的处所、方向、对象、结果、目的等.本文还试图从认知模式的角度对这一结构组成的相关句式作出意义上的解释.     

结果补语是否有“得”的标记分析

补语中常出现的“得”被看作是补语的特殊标记。关于结果补语是否有“得”作为标记的问题,有三种不同答案。结果补语、程度补语和可能补语的划分容易混淆,但从认知语言学的角度能把它们分清楚。通过观察结果补语的历时发展情况,得出肯定句中“能 VC”式和“可以 VC”式的使用频率多于“V＋得＋ C”式。结果补语中也有补语标记“得”的出现,标记论和语用原则能解释这一原因。     

南通话中的“捉”

“捉”在南通话中主要用作动词,词义丰富,常带表受事、结果、原因、方式的宾语;同时,在“捉＋O1＋V＋02”或“提＋O＋V”结构中,当“捉”的动词性特征减弱、语义虚化时,可以介引后面动词的借助工具、支配对象、施事主体、方位处所等,用作表工具义、处置义、致使义、处所义的介词。     

徐州方言中的泛义动词“玩”

本文从词汇意义、结构及意义、历史来源、语境制约意义四个方面来研究徐州方言中的泛义动词“玩”。“玩”作为泛义动词可以代替许多具体动词 ,其词义和用法都相当丰富 ,但它并不是万能动词 ;它可以连带宾语、补语 ,“玩”和它的连带成分可以构成短语或动词在句中作谓语成分 ,“玩”可以带“着”“了”“过” ;徐州方言“玩”的泛义性质也可以在历代作品中找到它引申的痕迹 ;词汇成分、语句、结构对“玩”的具体意义都会起到制约作用。     

介词“朝、向、往”的句法语义比较研究

介词“朝、向、往”在句法功能、语义特征方面既有共性又有差异,都能同名词性词语组合做状语,表示方向处所义;“向”和“往”可以同名词性词语组合做补语,而“朝”则不能;“~J＋Np”和“朝＋Np”可以表示对象义,而“往＋Np”则不能。上述差异与“朝、向、往”在语法化进程中的发展密切相关,词义的不断虚化符合人类认知世界由具体到抽象、由实到虚的顺序。     

山西阳城方言里的“的”

阳城方言里“的”的用法很复杂,可以充当结构助词、动态助词、语气词及补语成分。“的”作为结构助词可以充当定语标记、构成“的”字短语、充当状态形容词词尾、在主谓宾语句中取消谓语动词的谓语性;作为动态助词可表示进行体、持续体、完成体和将行体;作为语气词,可以用于表达陈述语气和祈使语气;作补语成分可分为两类,一类是结果补语,一类是趋向补语。     

卡思卡特城堡

It is worthy of noting that, whilst Crookston Castle witnessed the earlier and happier portion of Mary's variegated life,     

不同的吃喝玩乐

一、吃和喝吃苹果 eat an apple, 吃药 take medicine,吃糖 have some sweets,吃饭 have one's meals,吃馆子 dine out,吃惊 be surprised/     

漏洞百出的教育

Many college freshmen arrive woefully unprepared to do college work, and as disadvantaged populations continue to grow, the share of the American work force that has made it through college is expected to plummet. Many experts blame that educational failure not just on high schools but also on colleges. School & College, a special report by The Chronicle, looks at efforts to fix the system. What reforms would better prepare students for college? What should schools and colleges be doing differently? How should state and federal officials help?     

只要努力,不要后悔

There are numbers of crossroads on our long and unpredictable life journey where we totally have no idea about which direction to choose. No matter what our decision is, we should not turn back, but face the music and go ahead instead. I am this kind of girl who always does try without regretting, one example is how I dealt with my love.     

浅谈移民问题

Migration occurs behind a variety of reasons and has a great effect on the whole world. People may migrate in order to improve their economic situation, or in order to escape civil strife, persecution, and environmental disasters. The impact of migration is complex, bringing both benefits anddisadvantages. This paper briefly talks about the causes of migration, the allocation of benefits, and the ways in which individual countries and the international community deal with this important subject.     

Sister Carrie, an Adherent of Desires

Sister Carrie is one of the most controversial characters in American literature.Thought as a "fallen woman" firstly,she was defined as a "new woman" by some critics later. However, by digging into the motivaton behind the whole process of Carrie's "success", the relationship between Carrie and her creator (the author), the social conditions of then American, it can be found that Carrie has never been free-standing on her thought and she has never found her real-sdf even after becoming a famous actress. In a society dominated by mass consumerism Carrie is only an adherent of her own desires. She also is a representative of all those country girls flooded into cities, a symbol and a sacrifice of the urbanization of America in a time countryside was overcome by cities.     

Improvement of one-cycle controller by use of proportional integral differential controller

1.IntroductionOne-cyclecontrolmethod,whichwasproposedaboutonedecadeago[1],hasbecomeanattractivemethodinspecialfieldssuchaspowerfactorcorrection[2-6],switchingamplifiers[7,8],etc.Themainideaofthiscontrollerisbasedonintegrationofdiodevoltageinone-cycleandforcesittobeexactlyequaltothereferencevalue.Themainadvantageofthiscontrollerisitsrealtimeabilitytorejectthevariationofinputvoltage[1].Despitethisgreatability,ithasnogoodperformancesinrejectingofloaddisturbanceandfollowingreferencecommands.Espec…     

库克斯顿城堡

城堡, 是欧洲典型的建筑之一, 每个城堡都有一个美丽的传说或是一段历史。从本期开始, 我们将推出“城堡之旅”, 带各位读者去浏览、观赏欧洲各地的城堡, 开始一段文化与历史的旅途!     

The Reader Response Approach to Teaching of English Literature

During interview with English majors, it was found that a majority of students expressed disappointment with their experience of English literature classes. Students' dislike of learning English literature appears to be the major problem of teaching English literature in China. Reader response approach is a good way to solve this problem. In this paper, I explain the rationale behind the reader response approach, such as its origin, definition, features, assumptions, and strategies. Then I illustrate how reader response approach works as a teaching strategy by presenting several teaching models. At last I evaluate its usefuiness for teachers and present the advantages of reader response approach in Chinese context.