Gender inequalities in transnational academic mobility and the ideal type of academic entrepreneur

Based on a study on academic career paths of PhD graduates in Switzerland, this paper is concerned with the individual and institutional factors that affect transnational academic mobility in the postdoctoral period. It will be argued that the institutionalisation of geographic mobility in academic career paths through research funding institutions and universities have gendering and stratifying effects. Complex formations related to gender, partnership, children, and dual-career constellations, as well as to social class and academic integration, are resulting in inequalities in the accumulation of international cultural and social capital.     

Globalisation,transnational academic mobility and the Chinese knowledge diaspora: an Australian case study

The master discourses of economic globalisation and the knowledge economy each cite knowledge diasporas as vital ‘trans-national human capital’. Based on a case study of a major Australian university, this article examines the potential to deploy China's large and highly-skilled diaspora in the service of Chinese and Australian scientific and technological development. It finds that at a time when much of the world is deeply mired in a global financial crisis, this treasured resource of highly-skilled intellectuals assumes even greater significance. Meanwhile, there are key challenges to be confronted to fully utilise China's overseas talent. It argues that the Chinese knowledge diaspora are a modern kind of cosmopolitan literati, and could contribute actively to higher education internationalisation in both Australia and China.     

Academic mobility,transnational identity capital,and stratification under conditions of academic capitalism

Academic mobility has existed since ancient times. Recently, however, academic mobility—the crossing of international borders by academics who then work ‘overseas’—has increased. Academics and the careers of academics have been affected by governments and institutions that have an interest in coordinating and accelerating knowledge production. This article reflects on the relations between academic mobility and knowledge and identity capital and their mutual entanglement as academics move, internationally. It argues that the contemporary movement of academics takes place within old hierarchies among nation states, but such old hierarchies intersect with new academic stratifications which will be described and analysed. These analytical themes in the article are supplemented by excerpts from interviews of mobile academics in the UK, USA, New Zealand, Korea and Hong Kong as selected examples of different locales of academic capitalism.     

The organisation of academic knowledge: A comparative perspective

How is academic knowledge organized? Does thisvary from country to country, and, if so, how?This paper explores these questions through anexamination of some of the data included in theCommonwealth Universities Yearbook 2001.In particular, an analysis is presented of thedifferent names given to basic academic units(departments, schools and/or faculties) inAustralia, Nigeria and the United Kingdom.Evidence is provided regarding forms ofinstitutional organization, and of the varyingstrength of different disciplines or fields ofstudy.     

论教育学识的习得与教育学派的创生

对教育学科学习者来说,学习是解构的过程,因此教育学派成为学科成熟的标志;对教育研究者来说,研究是建构的过程,因此教育学识的科学性与实效性才是学科成熟的标志。但教育理论科学性与实效性评价标准的缺位,既为社会大众利用个案对教育理论体系进行证伪提供了机会,也为教育研究个体利用个案对自己的研究成果予以证实提供了机会。走向教育实践,既是确定教育理论研究科学性与实效性评价标准的过程,也是教育研究者在实践问题的解决中,逐渐达成研究共识并进而形成学派的过程,也是通过教育学派间的理论竞争并最终形成教育研究范式的必然选择。     

Examining the aesthetic dimensions of teaching: Relationships between teacher knowledge,identity and passion

Having an appreciation for the subject, their students and what the subject can offer their students has both cognitive and emotional dimensions for teachers. This paper uses empirical data to explore the efficacy of a Deweyan inspired framework called “Aesthetic Understanding” to scrutinise relationships between teacher knowledge, identity and passion. The paper uses case study data of three teachers of maths and/or science generated from a video study to illustrate the relationships between the three elements of Aesthetic Understanding. The need to value the aesthetic dimensions of teaching when examining the subject-specific nature of secondary teaching is discussed.     

知识经济时代人力资本的积累和投资

知识经济时代的人力资本将成为经济发展的“瓶颈”。人力资本的积累和投资是人力资源开发的两个重要方面。加速人力资本的积累、扩大人力资本的投资是知识经济时代提出的新要求。     

Cultural capital: strengths,weaknesses and two advancements

In this paper I discuss two weaknesses in Bourdieu’s work on cultural capital, both of which are related to his integration of the multidimensional nature of social space in different domains of life: social mobility, lifestyle differentiation, and political orientation. First, there is an anomaly between the work on social mobility and on lifestyles. Multiple dimensions of social origin (cultural and economic capital) are related to uni‐dimensional outcomes (e.g. schooling levels), whereas it would be more appropriate to study multidimensional schooling outcomes too. Secondly, although Bourdieu sees a close resemblance in the type of resources affecting lifestyle preferences and political orientations, I argue that these outcomes are affected by two different types of resources: cultural and communicative resources. Proposals for progress, including a review of the empirical results supporting these, are given.     

基于知识产权的跨国公司与国际知名品牌培育研究

基于自主知识产权的跨国公司与国际知名品牌培育的内涵和内在机理,结合我国跨国公司的培育进程及目前发展模式尚存的问题可以看出,经济全球化的发展非但没有消除区域和地方特色发展的意义,反而加强了其发展的重要性,是当代跨国公司培育的重要区位优势源泉。在中国实行自主创新经济发展战略的大背景下,中国跨国公司的培育要以企业为主体,实行基于自主知识产权与知名品牌培育的中国跨国公司发展战略。     

Exploring the Field: Empowering voice and identity

This article reports on the findings of a research project (Exploring the Field) carried out with two Year 6 classes during the period of the FIFA World Cup in 2006. Drawing on Elaine Millard’s concept of ‘fusion literacy’ the pupils’ contributions to individual journals and a class blog are analysed. Key findings relate to ways in which the content of the project, which accorded with many of the pupils’ interests, combined powerfully with the communicative channels offered by the journals and blog. This combination gave some pupils new opportunities to find a writing voice and, given the global status of the tournament, raised particular issues about identity.     

论物质资本与经济增长

现代经济增长的多元性决定了物质资本地位的下降,人力资本、环境资本和社会资本地位的上升。然而,各种非物质资本对物质资本的替代性始终是有限的。对正处于工业化过程中的广大发展中国家来说,物质资本比后工业化国家重要。包括中国在内的发展中国家既要重视物质资本的形成,同时又要加速各种非物质资本的积累。     

Mobilising funds of identity in and out of school

Learning happens through participation in formal community events and informal community activities. However, learning activities that take place in and out of school are often not mutually recognised. Funds of knowledge projects foster new ways of exchanging learning experiences in and out of school. Funds of identity can be uncovered by teachers through the collection of artefacts, interests and practices that are valuable to children. Specifically, videos, photographs, self-portraits, bilingual texts, diaries or ‘shoeboxes of significant items’ are some of the resources that can be used to make a learner’s funds of identity more visible and tangible in the classroom. The main aim of this paper is to illustrate a number of resources and strategies that help to identify and mobilise funds of identity. These funds of identity are integral for educators in order to develop meaningful and contextualised lessons.     

民办高校校园文化建设认同感和归属感的研究

校园文化建设是高等院校的无形资产,是学校发展凝聚力的核心和内驱力。但民办高等院校在校园文化建设中,普遍存在着师生对于校园文化建设的认同感和归属感不强的状况,本文试图从民办高校校园文化建设的现状和原因的角度,探讨解决该问题的对策和措施。     

Universities,cultural identity,and democracy: Some Canada-China comparisons

This paper begins with some broad comparative reflections on the role of universities in Canada and China. While the two societies could hardly be more different, their modern universities came into being around the same historical period. Patterned on foreign models, they have nevertheless been expected to contribute to national cultural identity.The second part of the paper considers the link between universities, cultural identity, and democracy in an increasingly globalized world community, and illustrates ways in which academic co-operation between China and Canada have the potential to enhance democratization, if principles of autonomy and intellectual freedom can be instituted in an international context.The third part returns to the question of universities and national cultural identity, comparing the different ways in which scholars in the two countries have conceptualized this link, and suggesting areas where comparative research on universities in the two societies could be carried out.     

中国中小型跨国公司的优势、问题及对策

随着经济全球化与一体化的发展，我国一批中小型跨国公司开始进入许多新兴领域，成为外国直接投资的重要生力军。我国中小型跨国公司具有产权优势、速度优势、比较优势、出口带动优势，但同时也存在着法律法规不健全、融资困难、信息匮乏、战略创新和制度创新不足等问题。而要推动我国中小型跨国公司的健康成长，一是完善企业海外投资的法律法规；二是扩张中小型跨国公司的生存环境；三是加入国际产业分工和协作网络；四是构建中小型跨国公司的集群组织形式；五是营造良好的中小型跨国公司发展的经济社会运行机制。     

必须直面的学术盲点--对《中国现当代文学史》学科根基的质疑

全国高校中文系现用中国现当代文学史教材 ,存在违背学术逻辑、无视文学存在、遗留文史空白等危及学科根基的学术盲点。只有客观对待各时间段中的所有文学事实 ,才能编撰出真正经得起时间检验的现当代中国文学信史。     

Work stressors,health and sense of coherence in UK academic employees

This cross‐sectional study examined relationships between job‐specific stressors and psychological and physical health symptoms in academic employees working in UK universities. The study also tests the main and moderating role played by sense of coherence (SOC: Antonovsky, 1987 Antonovsky, A. 1987. Unravelling the mystery of health: How people manage stress and stay well, San Francisco, CA: Jossey Bass.  [Google Scholar] in work stress process). SOC is described as a generalised resistance resource for coping with environmental stressors and remaining healthy. Four hundred and sixty‐five academic employees (60% male) completed measures of work stressors, physical and psychological ill health and SOC. Significant inter‐relationships were found between job stressors, health outcomes and SOC. Stressors relating to time constraints, support and influence and work–home interface demands had the strongest associations with health outcomes. Employees with a weaker SOC tended to be in poorer physical and psychological health, thus supporting a main effect for SOC. Some evidence for a moderating role for SOC was found, with the strongest effect observed for stressors experienced at the work–home interface.     

Introduction: knowledge,ignorance, and relations of dominance

What we have come to understand as education has a temporal dimension: the school year, progression based on time, timetables, and so on. Similarly, our understanding of teaching is framed by temporality, primarily through salary structures and an implicit coupling of performance with time in the field. We argue that this underlying generative temporality is under revision. This revision is taking place through policy moves such as the professional standards agenda, which unlike salary structures (at least current ones) privilege demonstrable performance over tenure. Such a revision places time not as an external measure in which events and practices take place, but as the very core of such practices and events. Taking stimulus from the role of work-integrated learning within initial teacher education, we engage with this revision of temporality in education. With increasing attention being paid to temporality in scholarship across a number of disciplines, there has arguably never been a more appropriate opportunity to engage with the temporality of teaching.     

哈佛大学资金来源、筹资模式及其启示

哈佛大学资金来源呈现高度市场化、私人性、经营性特点,其捐赠基金收入的绝对优势地位,集中体现了当今美国高等教育机构经费的变化趋势。其卓越的资金筹措模式:多元化的筹资渠道、高效的组织运行体制、职业化与志愿者相结合的筹资队伍和现代化的筹资艺术与技巧,在外部环境培育和内部筹资能力建设方面给我国大学提供了建设性的启示。     

汉、彝、白、傣族初中生非智力因素与学习成绩的相关研究

本研究通过对保山地区汉、彝、白、傣族初中生的非智力因素的发展水平进行的问卷调查, 探讨了不同民族非智力因素与学习成绩的关系。结果表明: (1) 汉族初中生成绩显著高于彝族、白族、傣族学生; 汉族女生成绩显著高于男生, 而彝族、白族、傣族无显著性别差异; (2) 汉族初中生学习成绩与非智力因素的相关更为密切, 而彝族、白族、傣族除个别项目外其相关未达到显著水平; (3) 对初中三个年级学生学习均有显著影响的因素是注意稳定性。