学校分布式领导概念新思维与领导力实践体系的集成

分布式领导是教育管理中一个新兴的领导学研究领域。面对复杂多变的学校环境,分布式领导是优化组织决策、促进教师员工参与管理的重要领导模式。因此,当学校处于变革发展的条件下,面临加倍动荡的环境时,必须用新的思维整合分布式领导概念,将领导者、追随者和情境放在一起理解。以形成更有效的学校组织结构和流程。     

高校教学管理制度创新——领导问责制在高校教学管理中的运用

领导问责制就是通过一定的程序,追究关于高校领导机构或高校管理权力的行使者因没有履行好高校内部管理事务,而使其承担相应的政治责任、道德责任或者法律责任,并接受处罚等后果的所有办法、条例等制度的总称。本文在对高校教学管理制度的概念、原则、必要性进行分析的基础上,提出如何在高校教学管理中实施领导问责制。     

School leadership and social justice: Evidence from Ghana and Tanzania

Headteachers working under conditions of severe hardship in Africa face tremendous challenges, often exacerbated by a sense of hopelessness and lack of agency to effect improvements within their school. This paper focuses on notions of leadership agency and ‘social justice’ within an African educational context, with a specific focus on the school level, and reports on a small-scale research project involving primary headteachers in Ghana and Tanzania engaging with action research in order to bring about changes which they feel will benefit the quality of pupil learning. The study presents some positive impacts generated by the headteachers’ actions and indicates ways in which these actions illustrate developments in areas of ‘social justice’ related to fairness, equity, recognition, and redistribution. The findings suggest that empowering headteachers through the use of action research can enable them to act creatively and positively to benefit the quality of education offered to the pupils within their schools.     

基于Agent的分布式图书馆管理系统的设计与实现

结合当前分布式人工智能领域的研究热点——Agent理论技术,设计开发了一个智能化分布式的图书馆管理系统.将Agent的自主性、智能性等特点引入到图书管理系统中,使系统初步具有了自治性、自动反应性、交互性及适应环境性等特点,也为分布式管理系统的开发提供了新的模式.     

中国近代高等教育的社会信任习惯及其形成

我国近代高等教育的社会信任由科举信任、官本位型信任和职业获得型信任混合构成,并成为过去乃至现在人们信任和认同高等教育的习惯。这一习惯影响着人们对高等教育的认知图式和交往方式。     

学校领导的新进展：从教学领导到转型领导

学校领导的研究已有100余年的历史,20世纪80年代后出现了两种占主导地位的领导范式:教学领导和转型领导。前者强调自上而下的控制;后者强调自下至上的参与式改革,是一种分享式的领导范式。教学领导凭借管理与控制组织成员导向既定的目标;转型领导则通过提升组织成员的期望值来憧憬、创造未来。鉴于两者的优点与不足,未来的领导范式将是两者的有机整合。     

Reframing the university as an emergent organisation: implications for strategic management and leadership in higher education

For the most part, the organisational forms that are currently being adopted by higher education institutions are grounded in the traditional corporate models of organisation that take a rational approach to organisational change management. Underlying this account is an assumption of organisational autonomy and the capacity of designated leaders to direct such change processes. However, a case is now being made for the consideration of alternative organisational theories or models that offer a different perception on the sources and patterns of organisational change in higher education. These theories perceive organisations more as emergent entities in which change is continuous, often unpredictable and arising mainly from local interactions. The paper surveys the implications that acceptance of the alternative paradigm might have for strategising and change leadership in higher education institutions. It suggests that the accommodation of these alterative paradigms of institutional development in higher education may itself be an emergent process.     

论社区矫正制度设计新范式——基于现代公共管理理论的视角

现代公共管理理论强调政府职能的调整和优化,主张公共管理主体的多元化,让非政府公共组织和民众共同参与社会公共事务的管理活动。社区矫正制度设计和安排应以公共管理为指导,使社区矫正管理真正成为政府和公众共同参与的公共管理行为。在社区矫正公共管理中,是将社区矫正管理作为国家或政府的职责和义务。社会力量将以独立力量参与到社区矫正中,通过这种特殊的社会治理结构实现对社区矫正对象的矫正和教育。社区矫正制度由国家主导的一元体系转向"国家一刑罚、社会一矫正"的二元体系。     

Engaging fans and the community in social media: interaction with institutions of higher education on Facebook

Although many universities use social media to interact with stakeholders, little is known about the underlying mechanisms. Drawing on theories of self-presentation and community engagement, we develop a theoretical model to explain these crucial outcome factors. We then test the model based on secondary data from 159 universities. Our findings reveal the double-edged nature of community size: universities with a strong reputation tend to have more Facebook fans, but having many Facebook fans has detrimental effects on individual fan engagement. Furthermore, the frequency of updates is a crucial factor, as too frequent and too infrequent updates lead to lower levels of fan engagement. We discuss theoretical implications for online communities and derive implications for social media managers.     

浅论华北抗日根据地的干部教育和群众教育

抗日战争时期,日本帝国主义大肆进行文化思想的侵略,贯彻奴化教育.为了 粉碎日本的阴谋,华北抗日根据地展开了教育战线的对敌斗争和建设.教育在开辟、扩大、巩固和发展根据地中发挥了重要作用,取得了显著成绩和宝贵经验.     

Voluntary organizations and the contribution to social justice in schools: learning from a case study

Partnerships are seen as vital to the functioning of many social institutions and the contribution that the private and voluntary not‐for‐profit sector organizations can make to the provision of statutory services is particularly valued. The Church of England Children’s Society Genesis project worked for nearly 5 years in one urban, secondary school with a remit to promote inclusion. Despite much recorded good work, Genesis was not continued after its contract ended. The school had a series of head teachers and was in special measures for part of the period, but key problems centred around the extent of the project’s contribution to the school’s core business and the absence of a positive management of the multi‐professional project by the school. The evaluation examines ways of proceeding which are of relevance to more complex projects. The paper also reviews the place of voluntary and non‐profit making organizations in meeting current challenges to collaborative, multi‐agency working and proposes a more robust, directive, and managerialist approach to make the most efficient and effective use of the resources and expertise of voluntary and statutory agencies (Inter‐agency Czar and Stalinist environment!). Genesis has gone on to work more successfully in six further schools having absorbed the messages of the evaluation of this first enterprise.     

高等教育大众化背景下社区教育发展探析

随着我国高等教育大众化进程的加快以及政府构建终身学习型社会倡议的提出,势必迎来社区教育大发展的时代。作者通过对我国社区教育发展的必要性、现实困难的详尽分析,指出我国社区教育未来发展方向是促进学习型社区的建立,在学习型社区广泛建立的基础上,构建我国终身教育体系和学习型社会。     

建立以需求为导向的社区教育办学机制——实现教育社会化的回归

1999年1月,国务院批转了教育部制定的《面向21世纪教育振兴行动计划》,明确提出"开展社区教育的实践工作,逐步建立和完善终身教育体系"。然而,诸多年来,社区教育并没有得到足够的重视,传统的重理论、轻实践的教育模式仍占统治地位。尽管如此,高考后的毕业生其就业情况不但没有改观而且就业形势日趋紧张,严重妨碍了社会和谐发展。究其根本原因,笔者认为,教条、本本主义是最终祸根,因为脱离实际的教育体系已不能满足社会向前发展的需要。为此,笔者对教育回归社会、向社区教育纵深挺进颇有感触,在此略作探究。     

Managing managerialism in church school leadership: a practitioner inquiry in the theology of education

This paper is written from the perspective of an Anglican head teacher in the context of UK public educational policy in which managerialism is construed as the prevalent orthodoxy of reform. It seeks to bring the discipline of theology and the field of school leadership studies into closer dialogue around the theme of managerialism in a way that will benefit academic scholarship and practitioner researchers. Firstly, it explores The Way Ahead report as an impetus to critical theological reflection about Christian vocation and the distinctive role of church school head teachers. Secondly, it indicates how the site of managed reality is important for theology and how the theology of education might be pursued in defence of education. Against claims that doing theology tends to domesticate education, it is argued that theology can help provide an important countercultural perspective intended for the good of education. Thirdly, it outlines the background of public educational policy which makes countercultural theology an appropriate response in the service of a faith‐inspired professionalism. Fourthly, it suggests how a countercultural model of contextual theology can collaborate with important forms of research in the field of educational leadership, management and administration.     

Keynote trust management及其在主动网络中的应用

随着Internet应用的迅速发展,分布式计算机逐渐成为发展主流。传统的基于ACL的资源访问控制机制已经不能很好的适应分布式系统需要。本文在介绍了基于信任管理的访问控制机制后,深入分析Keynote trust management system,并在此基础上给出了Keynote trust management system在安全主动组播中的应用构架。该构架能较好解决传统IP组播中未能解决的组播组成员的访问控制与分布式授权问题。     

论县级电大参与社区教育的意义及其途径

社区教育是全民教育、终身教育,在党和国家的高度重视下,将在建设学习型社会和构建终身教育体系中发挥重要作用,具有广阔的发展前景。电大教育与社区教育关联度较大,电大参与社区教育具有十分重要的意义和明显独特的优势,积极争取政府和社会各界支持,大力推进社区学院与电大合并、电大与社区教育联姻是电大参与社区教育的有效途径。     

简论社区教育的基本特征

社区教育除了具有成人教育的一般特征外,还具尚有区域性、全员性、广泛性、综合性、多样性、社会性的特征。认真分析研究这些特征,对构建终身教育体系和学习化社会具有重要意义。     

社工在社区矫正中的角色定位和功能分析

社会的发展、人本观念的深入推动了刑罚制度的发展,社区矫正成为发展趋势。社会工作者,由于其具有较高的理论价值和职业素养,开始成为社区矫正的主体之一,具有了强大的社会需要。本文对社工进入社区矫正事业所应扮演的角色和功能发挥方面进行分析,从而探寻社区矫正事业中的社工之路。     

社区思想政治教育对构建和谐社区的意义

社区是构成社会的基本单元,构建和谐社区是建设社会主义和谐社会的重要组成部分。社会转型期,社区居民结构产生巨大变化,社区管理内容也随之发生变化,社区思想政治教育面临新的巨大的挑战。必须加强社区思想政治教育作用,充分发挥社区思想政治教育的政治功能、育人功能、协调功能和激励功能,促进和谐社区建设