Parental involvement and adolescent school achievement: the mediational role of self-regulated learning

Both parental involvement and self-regulated learning are important predictors of students’ study success. However, previous research on self-regulated learning has focused instead on the school environment and has not focused on the home situation. In particular, investigations into the role of parents in self-regulated learning when children enter middle school have been limited. The present study examined the relationship among students’ perceptions of parental involvement, their self-regulated learning and school achievement in the first year of middle school. Survey data from 5939 Flemish students were processed using mediation analyses and revealed that students’ perceptions of parental involvement in school work was associated with students’ self-regulated learning and their school achievement. Moreover, how students perceived parental involvement was associated with students’ achievement through the self-regulated learning factors. These results underpin the importance of parents in education at the middle-school age. Schools should be aware of this and enhance parents’ educational involvement and the stimulation of self-regulated learning in the home environment.

     

小学生自主学习能力与父母教养方式调查研究

为了解小学生自主学习能力和父母教养方式的基本状况以及二者之间的关系,并为家庭教育提供依据,该研究采用问卷调查了湖北省省委和政府所在社区某重点小学三年级和五年级学生。结果表明:三年级学生的自主学习能力显著高于五年级;父母对女孩积极的教养方式多于男孩,父亲对高年级的孩子采用更多积极的教养方式,而母亲对不同年级儿童教养方式无显著差别;父母教养方式对自主学习能力有一定的预测作用。因此得出结论,自主学习能力和父母教养方式存在相关。所以家长应该积极调整教养方式,以促进孩子自主学习能力的发展。     

适应化学新课程改革促进学生的自主学习

针对中学化学教学中培养学生自主学习能力的措施,在理论、实践上作了初步的探讨.论文从4个方面进行了论述贯彻强动机原则,激发学生的自主学习意识;布置预习,培养学生的自主学习习惯;加强学法指导,优化学生的自主学习品质;强化学习的独立性,发展学生的自主学习能力.     

Does using e-portfolios for reflective writing enhance high school students’ self-regulated learning?

The study aims to examine whether reflective writing using e-portfolios enhances high school students’ self-regulated learning. Participants included two classes of eighth-graders majoring in Information Processing and taking a course called ‘Website Design’ at a vocational high school in Taiwan. There were 41 students, with 18 males and 23 females. The experiment lasted 10 weeks, and students used e-portfolios to reflect on their learning. The results showed that students after using e-portfolios to reflect on their learning had significantly better self-regulated learning than before. This indicates that using e-portfolios for reflection enhanced self-regulated learning. It also shows that high-reflection students had significantly better self-regulated learning than moderate-reflection and low-reflection students, which implies that reflective performance had a significantly positive effect on self-regulated learning.     

自我调控学习影响因素的研究述评

自我调控学习是近几十年来国内外心理与教育学者热切关注的一个领域。个体的成就目标、兴趣、人格等个体因素以及家庭、课堂等环境因素都会影响学生的自我调控学习能力,分析并探讨自我调控学习的各个影响因素,对于提出合理干预措施,使儿童有效学习并且减少学业失败有重要意义。     

高中生自主学习能力调查研究

调查结果表明：高中生的自主学习能力总体水平不高;高中男生和女生的自主学习能力水平相当;高中理科学生的自主学习能力比文科学生强;高二学生的自主学习能力比高一学生强;重点高中学生的自主学习能力比非重点高中学生强;高中生的自主学习能力和学业成绩之间存在显著的正相关。     

The development in self-regulated learning behaviour of first-year students in the lowest level of secondary school in the Netherlands

This study focuses on development in self-regulated learning behaviour of students in the first year of the lowest level of secondary school in the Netherlands. Students from low socio-economic backgrounds, including ethnic minorities, are overrepresented at this level and their motivation has often been reported to be quite low. Furthermore, the percentage of dropouts is highest at this level: three times higher than in more academically oriented levels. 735 students filled in a questionnaire at the start, the middle and at the end of the school year. Development in self-regulated learning behaviour was best explained by the degree to which students intrinsically valued school work.     

Nature/nurture and intelligence in current introductory educational psychology textbooks

Self-regulated learners understand, value, and engage academic learning in ways that are fundamentally different than their peers who have difficulty in school. We discuss how students become aware of themselves as learners and the kinds of theories that students construct about schooling. Children's ideas about success and failure, their awareness and attribution, and their metacognition and motivation, develop concurrently as they progress through formal education. We focus on developmental changes in students' theories about learning and how they are influenced by variables in school such as task difficulty, helping behavior, and standards of success. Instructional conditions that promote children's self-regulated learning are also discussed. We believe that self-regulated learning is a desirable educational outcome that can be fostered by teachers who minimize academic competition, explain appropriate strategies, provide assistance during problem solving, and promote an atmosphere of collaboration in classrooms.     

我国高校与高中英语教师自主学习观比较探析简

随着素质教育以及终身学习教育理念的提出,自主学习越来越成为人们关注的焦点。在教育国际化的今天,加强对英语的自主学习具有重要意义。在通过对高校和高中英语自主学习了解的基础上,从教学观念、非智力因素、学习目标、学习策略、教学环境以及教学评价等维度对大学和高中英语教师自主学习观进行比较并分析其异同,从而为大学和高中英语教师进行教学提供一些启示,利于促进两个阶段教师的交流,也利于学生从高中到大学英语学习的过渡。     

The effects of computer-supported self-regulation in science inquiry on learning outcomes,learning processes,and self-efficacy

Recently, researchers have demonstrated the benefits of technology-enhanced science inquiry activities. To improve students’ self-regulation and assist them in controlling their own learning pace through inquiry activities, in this study, a self-regulated science inquiry approach was developed to assist them in organizing information from their real-world exploration. A quasi-experimental design was conducted in an elementary school natural science course to evaluate the students’ performance using the proposed learning approach. One class assigned as the treatment group learned with the self-regulated science inquiry approach, while the other class assigned as the control group learned with the conventional science inquiry approach. The students’ learning achievement, tendency of information help seeking, tendency of self-regulation, and self-efficacy were evaluated. The results of the study revealed that the self-regulated science inquiry approach improved the students’ learning achievement, especially for those students with higher self-regulation. In addition, the students who conducted inquiry with the self-regulated learning strategy increased their tendency of information help seeking, self-efficacy, and several aspects of self-regulation, including time management, help seeking, and self-evaluation. Accordingly, this study demonstrated the effectiveness of the self-regulated learning strategy, an approach with high learner control, in terms of improving students’ learning achievement and their self-regulation.     

The Synergistic Effects of Self-Regulation Tools and the Flipped Classroom

ABSTRACT

Students at open-enrollment institutions enter college with a wide range of academic preparedness and are often required to take developmental classes to increase their academic skills to be successful in higher education. Further, few students possess self-regulated learning skills to aid in their learning. Researchers posited that academically at-risk students benefit from gains in self-regulated learning skills when a modeling and scaffolding approach is used to implement self-regulated learning tools. Self-regulated skills coupled with an active learning environment like the flipped classroom provide positive synergistic effects for academically at-risk students. This study compared several iterations of the flipped classroom in a general chemistry class at an open-enrollment college where high school class rank and mathematics placement level varied significantly. The results of the multiple regression analysis indicated that mathematics level and class rank were significant when predicting overall course grade regardless of the learning environment. The results of a paired-samples t test did not reveal a significant difference upon addition of note-taking and exam wrappers in a flipped classroom learning environment. However, students graduating high school in the top third, middle third, and bottom third of their graduating class increased their overall course grades in a flipped classroom using self-regulated tools by 7%, 3%, and 6%, respectively. To enhance the quantitative results, the author provides student comments on note-taking and the use of exam wrappers.     

高中生自主学习状况的调查研究

该研究对526名高中生的自主学习状况进行了调查。结果表明,高中生自主学习的总体状况处于中等水平,自主学习各个方面的发展相对平衡,但对学习结果进行自我评价的自主性较差。高中学生的自主学习能力存在明显的学校差异和性别差异。高中生自主学习的能力呈年级下降趋势,而且在学习过程和学习环境的自主性方面存在显著的年级差异。     

The development of self-regulated learning

The purpose of this study is to examine the tendency for the development of self-regulated learning according to grade level. As a means to this end, competing causal models for each grade were set up, and through validity tests for the causal models the most fitting self-regulated learning model for South Korea students could be arrived at. Based on the conceptual model of self-regulated learning proposed by Pintrich (1989), Pintrich and De Groot (1990), and Zimmerman (1989, 1990), which focus on the relationship between motivation and cognition, three causal models were set up. According to the results of a structural analysis for 1,865 elementary, middle and high school students, model П which structures intrinsic value as an exogenous variable, was determined the best-fitting model. In addition, the 30% variance in the 5th grade elementary school students and 32% and 18% variance in middle school and high school students respectively are explained by the test model.     

中学生学业自我效能感的中介效应

为考察中学生学习观、学业自我效能感与自主学习能力之间的关系,本研究以聊城市440名中学生为被试,运用问卷调查法进行研究。结果发现:学习观、学业自我效能感与自主学习能力存在着显著的正相关;学习观、学业自我效能感是自主学习能力有效预测因素;学业自我效能感是学习观与自主学习能力关系间的部分中介变量。     

How can primary school students learn self-regulated learning strategies most effectively?: A meta-analysis on self-regulation training programmes

Recently, research has increasingly focused on fostering self-regulated learning amongst young children. To consider this trend, this article presents the results of a differentiated meta-analysis of 48 treatment comparisons resulting from 30 articles on enhancing self-regulated learning amongst primary school students. Based on recent models of self-regulated learning, which consider motivational, as well as cognitive, and metacognitive aspects [Boekaerts, M. (1999). Self-regulated learning: Where we are today. International Journal of Educational research, 31(6), 445-457], the effects of self-regulated learning on academic achievement, on cognitive and metacognitive strategy application, as well as on motivation were analyzed. As the results show, self-regulated learning training programmes proved to be effective, even at primary school level. Subsequent analysis tested for the effects of several moderator variables, which consisted of study features and training characteristics. Regarding factors that concern the content of the treatment, the impact of the theoretical background that underlies the intervention was tested, as well as the type of cognitive, metacognitive, or motivational strategy which were instructed, and if group work was used as instruction method. Training context related factors, which were included in the analyses consisted of students’ grade level, the length of the training, if teachers or researchers directed the intervention, as well as the school subject in which context the training took place. Following the results of these analyses, a list with the most effective training characteristics was provided.     

自我调节策略在中学英语学习中的应用

随着经济全球化和中国加入世贸组织,英语作为一门国际通用语获得了越来越多的关注,同时有效的英语学习策略也成为英语学习者们的热点话题。中学阶段是英语学习者夯实基础和把握方向的关键时期。基于此,为中学英语学习者提供一种自我调节学习的有效学习模式,其中以社会认知观为理论基础,根据问卷调查结果,结合英语学习特征具体阐述自我调节学习策略的三个主要过程,以期进一步提高中学英语学习效果。     

学生自主学习的概念及其培养

教育目标不仅要使学生获取知识,更要使他们学会学习。近年,各地较多强调通过不同科目或学习领域的学习与教学,可以培养学生的共通能力。这些能力都是培养学生自主学习的重要条件。本文对自主学习的定义和概念作出一些分析,对有关研究和教与学作出一些简介。文中提及学生自主学习定义包含三个特点:他们采用自主的学习策略、他们面对自我学习成效回馈的积极响应、以及他们互动地推动学习过程。自主的学生选择和采用自主学习策略,在反思学习成效与技巧的基础上,争取理想的学术成果。笔者最后提出建议:(1)如何应用学习动机、课室管理、教师教学和教师期待以探讨自主学习在课堂教学过程中的实践;(2)如何以自主学习这个概念贯彻于各科或各学习领域的课程设计的各个课程要素中。笔者期望,研究自主学习能有助学生学习。     

Friends, classmates, and self-regulated learning: discussions with peers inside and outside the classroom

The current study sought to understand the relationship between peer discussions and self-regulated learning. Eighty-eight first year high school students answered questions from the Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire and reported the perceived frequency of discussions with peers both inside and outside of the classroom regarding self-regulated learning. Results suggest that differences exist between the frequency of self-regulation discussions with peers from inside and outside of the classroom, especially for discussions concerning motivation. Discussions with peers outside of class were related more closely to students’ reported self-regulated learning than discussion with peers inside of class. In addition, peer groups with higher average levels of self-regulated learning discussions had individual members with high reported self-regulated learning. The study’s results also highlight the need for further research on the mechanisms by which peer discussions may relate to students’ self-regulated learning.     

Engagement in self-regulated deep learning of successful immigrant and non-immigrant students in inner city schools

In order to examine and explain differences in self-regulated (SR) deep learning of successful immigrant and non-immigrant students we investigated a population of 650 high track 10th grade students in Amsterdam, of which 39% had an immigrant background. By means of a questionnaire based on the MSLQ of Pintrich and De Groot (1990) the students reported their use of learning and resource management strategies, and their motivational values and attitudes. Two tests measured vocabulary and mathematical reasoning. Background characteristics, grades, track position and school composition (i.e., proportions of immigrant students) were registered as well. A factor analysis yielded two learning patterns: self-regulated deep learning and self-regulated surface learning. Subsequent analyses of variance showed that, compared to boys, girls prefer SR surface learning. However, immigrant girls fit best in the SR deep learning pattem. The contrast between immigrant and non-immigrant girls is substantial. Explanations for this particular group difference, and for variance in SR deep learning in general, were explored. Of the achievement measures, only average grade explains variance in SR deep learning. Motivational values and resource management strategies do so as well. Track position does not, but school composition does affect the way immigrant students learn. Schools with more than 60% immigrant students enhance more SR deep learning than schools with less than 20% immigrant students. As the difference in SR deep learning between immigrant and non-immigrant girls is not explained by any of the covariates, we suggest alternative explanations in the discussion section.     

试论小学英语教学自律课堂教学模式

本文通过调查中国英语课堂教学和小学教学现状 ,分析了存在的问题和原因 ,认为传统的教学模式在基础教育阶段业已造成学生自律治学能力的缺陷。提出学校的外语教学应该以提供适宜的学习情景 ,培育自律学习能力为教学目的 ,而不应该扼杀学生自律学习的潜能。笔者认为要想使学生成为自主的、积极的外语学习者 ,应该从基础教育做起 ,并提出了一个从小学阶段开始实施的自律课堂教学模式。