研究性道德学习中大学生自我效能感的作用与培养

研究性道德学习以主体人格培养为目的,注重学习的主体性、过程性和全员性.大学生的自我效能感水平影响学习课题的选择、思维和情感反应模式及新学习的进程与质量.培养和提高自我效能感应让学生在道德学习中感受幸福和进行积极的归因,理性对待失败和建立健康的师生关系.     

论学生道德学习的自我监控

学生道德学习的自我监控是指个体为实现自我发展和完善,不断对学习过程进行规划和调节。它包括自我监控认识、自我监控评价、自我监控体验和实际的自我监控四个成分。道德学习的自我监控重要性表现在能动性、反馈性、调节性和自制性上。培养学生道德学习的自我监控能力策略有:提高自我意识水平和认知能力、保证道德学习中思维和行动的自主、尽量完善道德“图式”、加强自我效能感。     

自我效能感在汉语教学中的作用及其培养途径

学生的学习行为受主体自我效能感的影响。自我效能感对学生的学习和课堂教学都起促进作用，所以培养学生较高的自我效能感，以改进汉语教学方法，提高汉语教学质量。     

学习效能感的功能及培养策略

自我效能理论是社会学习理论的重要组成部分。作为主体因素的一个方面,自我效能感影响着人们对活动的选择和坚持性,影响着人们的思维模式和情绪反应。自我效能感具有明确的指向性特点。学习效能感,是学生在学习活动中表现出来的对自己能够胜任学习任务和达到特定学习目标的学习能力的主观判断。学习效能感与学生的学习活动和学习成绩有着双向制约作用。在教学中培养学生的学习效能感主要是通过让学生获得成功的体验,对学生进行积极的归因训练,对学生做出恰当的期望和鼓励性评价,以及实施角色扮演技术等方法来实现。     

浅谈中学生自我效能的培养

自我效能理论强调主体因素对人类学习的必要性及其对人性潜能发挥的决定性．研究表明,一方面学生的学习自我效能会影响学生的学业选择,另一方面学生的学习自我效能会影响学生学习的坚持性、努力程度和学习策略的使用,从而影响学生学业任务的完成．     

论硕士生培养模式改革:非正式学习的视角

非正式学习是非结构化的、目的模糊的、情境性的、自主的学习方式,研究生的主要学习形态是非正式学习。从该角度来思考,硕士研究生的培养既要注重增强学生学习的自我效能感,传授给他们非正式学习的方法,培养他们自主学习的能力与习惯,还要促进他们情感与道德的发展,并注意构建学习共同体。     

克服高中学生英语学习自我效能感主观问题分析

英语学习自我效能感对于学生英语知识的学习成效影响较大,因此实际教学中在突出学生主体地位的同时,需要提升学生的英语学习自我效能感,促使学生自我控制能力和自主学习能力得到提升,进而获得更加可观的成绩。新时期应该加强英语学习自我效能感的培养,规范英语学习行为,可将所学知识融会贯通、灵活运用,对于提升英语学习成绩意义深远。但是,纵观当前高中学生英语学习自我效能感培养现状来看,其中仍然存在一系列问题,英语知识学习兴趣不高,存在厌学情绪和教学理念陈旧等。故此,本文就如何有效改善学生英语学习自我效能感主观问题,提出合理对策予以实践。     

论硕士研究生培养模式的改革：非正式学习的视角

非正式学习是非结构化的、目的模糊的、情境性的、自主的学习方式,研究生的主要学习形态是非正式学习。从该角度来思考,硕士研究生的培养应注重增强学生学习的自我效能感,传授给他们非正式学习的方法,培养他们自主学习的能力与习惯,还要促进他们情感与道德的发展,并注意构建学习共同体。     

学习效能感的功能及培养策略

自我效能理论是社会学习理论的重要组成部分。作为主体因素的一个方面，自我效能感影响着人们对活动的选择和坚持性，影响着人们的思维模式和情绪反应。自我效能感具有明确的指向性特点。学习效能感，是学生在学习活动中表现出来的对自己能够胜任学习任务和达到特定学习目标的学习能力的主观：判断。学习效能感与学生的学习活动和学习成绩有着双向制约作用。在教学中培养学生的学习效能感主要是通过让学生获得成功的体验。对学生进行积极的归因训练，对学生做出恰当的期望和鼓励性评价，以及实施角色扮演技术等方法来实现。     

小学生英语学习自我效能感培养之探

学生的学习主体地位和作用是优化课堂教学的重要物质基础,创设多样化的教学思维模式来优化课程教学,激发学生语言学习主观能动性是教学的目标。本文就从培养学生的英语学习自我效能感方法运用,来阐述激活学生语言学习动力对提高课程教学有效性所起到的促进作用。学生英语学习自我效能感培养是为了更好凸显学生学习主体地位,体现了生本主义教学理念。     

Student perceptions of assessment and student self-efficacy in competence-based education

The purpose of this study was to provide insight into the interplay between student perceptions of competence-based assessment and student self-efficacy, and how this influences student learning outcomes. Results reveal that student perceptions of the form authenticity aspect and the quality feedback aspect of assessment do predict student self-efficacy, confirming the role of mastery experiences and social persuasions in enhancing student self-efficacy as stated by social cognitive theory. Findings do not confirm mastery experiences as being a stronger source of self-efficacy information than social persuasions. Study results confirm the predictive role of students’ self-efficacy on their competence outcomes. Mediation analysis results indicate that student’s perceptions of assessment have an indirect effect on student’s competence evaluation outcomes through student’s self-efficacy. Study findings highlight which assessment characteristics, positively influencing students’ learning, contribute to the effectiveness of competence-based education. Limitations of the study and directions for future research are indicated.     

The association between teacher-student relationship and academic achievement in Chinese EFL context: a serial multiple mediation model

The present study examined the link between teacher–student relationship at the class level and academic achievement via the serial multiple mediation effect of self-efficacy and learning strategy in Chinese EFL context with 11,036 eighth graders. Student-reported measures of teacher–student relationship, English self-efficacy, learning strategy and curriculum-based measures of English achievement were collected in fall 2015. Multilevel mediation model revealed that the positive relationship between teacher–student relationship at the class level and English achievement was partially mediated by self-efficacy, cognitive and metacognitive strategy, and serially mediated by self-efficacy and then learning strategy in Chinese EFL context, controlling for SES and gender. The findings suggest that positive teacher–student relationship can help students to develop English proficiency by fostering their English self-efficacy and use of learning strategy. The results of the present study extend our understanding of influential factors in foreign language learning processes and hold substantive theoretical and practical implications for educational researchers as well as teachers.     

Self-efficacy Theory and Learning Environment Research

The purpose of this article is to bring to the attention of educators interested in student perceptions of the learning environment the concept of self-efficacy. Social learning theorists define perceived self-efficacy as a sense of confidence regarding the performance of specific tasks. Our premise is that student self-efficacy beliefs regarding academic performance can have important implications for improving learning environments and, consequently, student outcomes. We believe that focusing on students' academic self-efficacy could alter student perceptions of the learning environment. Unlike most beliefs systems, which can be highly personal, academic self-efficacy is generally a belief that is addressable in a classroom context. Therefore, understanding more about the reciprocal relationship between the learning environment and students' academic self-efficacy beliefs should be a fruitful focus for learning environment research. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Face Threat Mitigation in Feedback: An Examination of Student Feedback Anxiety,Self-Efficacy,and Perceived Emotional Support

This experimental study examined the effects of an instructor’s face threat mitigation tactics on student self-efficacy for learning and perceived emotional support from the instructor in a written feedback setting. Participants (N = 401) were randomly assigned to one of two feedback scenarios in which level of face threat was manipulated. Student feedback anxiety was measured prior to being exposed to the feedback scenario. Results indicate that high face threat mitigation is positively associated with student self-efficacy for learning and perceived emotional support from the instructor. Results also revealed that feedback anxiety predicts lower self-efficacy for learning and less perceived emotional support from the instructor. Implications regarding theory, the measurement of feedback apprehension, and student–instructor communication are discussed.     

Taiwanese students’ science learning self-efficacy and teacher and student science hardiness: a multilevel model approach

This study aimed to investigate the factors accounting for science learning self-efficacy (the specific beliefs that people have in their ability to complete tasks in science learning) from both the teacher and the student levels. We thus propose a multilevel model to delineate its relationships with teacher and student science hardiness (i.e., the courage that is needed to turn stressful changes from burdens into advantageous growth in science education settings). The current research was conducted through collecting survey responses from both teachers (i.e., using the self-report teacher science hardiness questionnaire) and students (i.e., using the self-report student science hardiness and the self-report science learning self-efficacy questionnaires). A total of 45 Taiwanese science teachers were solicited from junior high schools. Also, we recruited students who were taught by these 45 teachers. In total, 1145 junior high school students whose ages ranged from 12 to 16, with a mean of 13.68 (SD?=?0.90), were invited to take part in the study. Of these students, 268 were in the seventh grade, 430 were in the eighth grade, and 447 were in the ninth grade. The results of hierarchical linear modeling (HLM) confirmed our hypothesis that teacher science hardiness fostered student science hardiness, which in turn contributed to the students’ science learning self-efficacy. The findings revealed that both teacher and student science hardiness play important roles in explaining the structure of science learning self-efficacy. To enhance science learning self-efficacy, educators should develop programs for teachers and students to increase their science hardiness.     

Accelerated Online Learning: Perceptions of Interaction and Learning Outcomes Among African American Students

This study investigated student interaction, satisfaction, and performance in accelerated online learning environments with the use of an online learning course-management system. The interactions assessed in this study included learner–learner interaction, learner–instructor interaction, and learner–content interaction. The participants were African American students from a university in the southeastern United States. Quantitative approaches including correlation and regression analyses were performed to examine the contribution of interaction predictors to student satisfaction as well as the relationship between student satisfaction and student performance. In addition, Internet self-efficacy and its impact on interaction was investigated. The results showed that learner–content interaction was the only significant predictor of student satisfaction whereas interaction among students or with the instructor did not significantly predict student satisfaction. Internet self-efficacy was positively correlated with three types of interaction. Student satisfaction was found to be related to student performance.     

Explaining self-efficacy development in an authentic higher education learning context of role-play simulations

Role-play simulations have become commonly used active learning methods to teach about complex, dynamic political processes. However, an understanding of why there is variation in student learning during such simulations is lacking. This study focuses on the development of student self-efficacy in negotiating over the period of one simulation. We investigate to what extent self-efficacy development can be explained by the individual characteristics of students. This study further contributes to the field by including perceived student cohesiveness as a social aspect of the simulation. Data from 84 participants were collected during a four-day Model United Nations (MUN) simulation. Self-efficacy in negotiating was measured using 12 measurement times, and the data analysed using multilevel growth modelling. Results show a statistically significant linear increase in self-efficacy in negotiating over the period of the simulation. Compared to the time factor, individual characteristics explain variation in self-efficacy development to a larger extent, of which perceived student cohesiveness contributes the most.     

Relationships between student cognitions and their effects on study strategies

Using Vermunt's model [Vermunt, J. D. (1998). The regulation of constructive learning processes. British Journal of Educational psychology, 68, 149–171] of self-regulated learning as a conceptual framework, this study aims to contribute to the development of finer grained models of higher education students' learning by (1) investigating causal relationships between three student cognitions which feature prominently in the research literature: self-efficacy, conceptions of learning and attributions for academic success and by (2) researching both the direct and indirect effects of these student cognitions on first year university students' study strategies. To that end a model was developed, respecified, tested, and cross validated using path analyses. Results show that within an educational context learning conceptions are fundamental student cognitions since they directly and/or indirectly influence students' self-efficacy, attributions for academic success, and study strategy.     

Teachers’ beliefs about feedback practice as related to student self-regulation,self-efficacy,and language skills in teaching English as a foreign language

This study examines lower-secondary teachers’ beliefs about feedback practice as related to beliefs about student self-regulation, self-efficacy, and language skills while teaching English as a foreign language. Data analysis of ten individual interviews was carried out using the constant comparative method. Most of the teachers connected own feedback practice to an awareness of assessment for learning through the teaching of language skills. However, a hidden accountability system seemed to overshadow the full potential of assessment for learning for the teachers with its emphasis on testing. Aspects of marking, student involvement, and dialogic feedback were considered challenging to the feedback practice of half of the teachers. The teachers were further divided as to the relevance of feedback for self-regulation and strategy training. Although most teachers discussed feedback as important for students’ self-efficacy, unrealistic expectations and marks were considered impediments to student learning. Implications for teaching and professional learning are discussed.     

Changes in student teachers’ motives and the meaning of teacher education programme quality

This study provides insights into possible changes in 83 student teachers’ motives for becoming teachers, their professional commitment and their self-efficacy after a year of teacher education. Furthermore, it addresses the extent to which these changes relate to student teachers’ perceptions of their learning environment – specifically, their perceptions of the quality of teaching, generic skills and assessment. Student teachers completed a survey at the beginning and at the end of a single year of teacher education, which revealed significant changes in their motives and self-efficacy regarding tasks within the classroom and throughout the broader school context. No relationship between this change and teachers’ perceptions of their learning environment was observed. Instead, student teachers’ perception of the quality of teaching predicted their assessments of their ability and self-efficacy in a school context at the end of their education.