中国现代西化派伦理思潮研究

西化派的伦理思潮主要表现在新文化运动和20世纪30年代前后的中西文化讨论中,主要的代表人物有胡适、吴稚晖、陈序经等人。他们以整体性反传统和整体性西化为思想基础,对中国传统习俗、文化以及道德价值理念进行了猛烈的批判,宣扬西方的个人主义思想,并提出了注重感性的伦理观,构成了与早期现代新儒学、中国的马克思主义截然不同的具有自身特色的价值理念,为中国走向现代化提供了多方面的启示。     

孟子与亚里士多德德性理论之比较

作为伦理思想的源头 ,孟子和亚里士多德的伦理理论都表现为典型的德性伦理形态 ,二者既存在着共通的思想内容 ,也有差异。在德性与存在、德性与规范、德性与德行、德与福的统一方面 ,都做出了相近的阐述 ,表现了共通的理论旨趣。但是在具体的理论解释构架以及致思的方向上又存在差异。对二者异同的比较 ,可以为现代伦理理论的建设提供借鉴。     

管窥老庄思想与现代生态伦理学的契合

老庄哲学具有丰富的生态伦理底蕴,其“自然”、“无为”、“知和”、“知常”、“知止”、“知足”的思想,与现代生态伦理学有许多契合之处。老庄生态伦理思想为当代人类战胜日益加剧的生态危机提供了独特的思想视角,对西方环境运动产生了广泛影响,成为不少西方学者建构生态哲学和环境伦理学的重要思想资源。当然,老庄生态伦理观也有其自身的历史局限,应该在今天的科学背景下加以完善,以对人类拯救环境危机做出更大贡献。     

语言伦理与社会伦理关系的探讨

语言作为一种文化现象,在中国改革开放以来,社会主义现代化转型不断加快、经济市场化进程不断加速的时期,语言文化发生了蜕变。语言作为一种社会人际交往的手段,它既服务于社会需要,又反作用于社会,影响人们的社会生活。语言正逐渐成为一把双刃剑,充斥着社会生活的方方面面。不论在哪一个民族,哪一个时代,哪一个阶段,语言都应该是社会真、善、美的表达,而不应该沦为攻击、谩骂、诋毁的工具。本文就社会话语伦理和社会伦理的关系进行探讨,为进一步构建和谐的社会做出积极贡献。     

社会存在方式的科学合理化——对科学实践观念的建构与社会道德建设相互关系的现实性探讨

人的社会实践是由人的观念支配的,这一观念就是人在认知的基础上建构的实践观念.实践观念不仅承载着人的价值观念,也承载着人的道德观念,是在人认识和改造自然的活动中所形成的人与人和人与社会相互关系的产物.而道德观念本身也是一种价值观念,它与人的实践观念一道通过人的感性实践活动及其结果呈现出来.因此,在正确认识的基础上,建构科学而合理的实践观念就成为社会道德建设的核心内容.有了科学而合理的实践观念,才可能有科学而合理的道德观念.马克思主义的道德观念正是现代科学道德观念的直接体现.     

敦煌与九华山文化交流的历史考证

在敦煌莫高窟的藏经洞被发现110周年之际,笔者着眼于长江之南的九华山与丝绸之路的敦煌文化交融的历史进程,考证了[天仙子]留住九华云一片、[捣练子]原是傩戏《孟姜女》的片断、傩舞《舞回回》竟然是《西凉伎》的孑遗、敦煌也有《目连救母幽冥宝传》、敦煌壁画中的地藏菩萨、流落海外的地藏绘画品等文化现象,研究了敦煌与九华山的文明互动,初探了敦煌与九华山之间的文化因缘。     

A mediational model of the association between socioeconomic status and three-year-old language abilities: the role of parenting factors

The mechanisms through which socioeconomic status (SES) influences three-year-old expressive and receptive language abilities were examined in a sample of 1016 families from the NICHD Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development. Hierarchical regression analyses indicated that maternal sensitivity and cognitive stimulation were significant partial mediators of the relation between SES and verbal comprehension, expressive language, and receptive verbal conceptual abilities. Path analyses revealed that a unified model including both parenting factors and distal SES factors demonstrated solid fit indices. Implications for research and intervention are discussed.     

浅谈中国传统医德及当代医德规范

中国传统医德具有丰富的内涵,其医乃仁术、重义轻利等内容在古代医家之间传承。经过千年时间的洗礼,中国传统医德仍然熠熠生辉,仍然对当代医者具有指导作用,对当代医生道德规范产生了深远的影响。     

科学呼唤人文,人文导引科学

本文从发展科学角度阐述人文对科学的重要性。主要是从科学研究的动机、目标、态度、方法和科学应用等几个方面说明科学必须以人文为主导。文章从界定科学与人文的概念出发,以理论分析和实例印证两个方面提出并讨论了四个问题。即：人文是科学创造的动力源,人文是科学态度的试金石,人文是科学途程的指路灯,人文是科学应用的方向盘。     

以天山为坐标:草原文化和绿洲文化的多样性互动

天山是新疆特有的文化符号和文化标志。以天山为分水岭,天山以南是典型的以农耕为主辅之以游牧的绿洲文化;天山以北则是典型的以游牧为主辅之以农耕的草原文化。特点鲜明,相得益彰。两种文化构成了新疆文化的多样性,决定了新疆文化“一体多元”的气质和禀赋。     

环境伦理学--一门新兴交叉性学科

环境伦理学是伴随着世界性环境生态危机的深化而发展起来的一门交叉性、综合性的学科,是伦理学、环境科学、生态学等学科相互交融、相互结合的产物,并在相当多的领域都产生了一定的影响。     

Child maltreatment and adult socioeconomic well-being

ObjectiveLittle empirical research has examined the impact that child maltreatment may have on victims’ long-term socioeconomic well-being. The current study sought to address this gap by exploring the relationship between childhood experiences of abuse and neglect and several indicators of socioeconomic well-being in adulthood.MethodData from the nationally representative National Comorbidity Survey (NCS) (n = 5004) were analyzed using logistic regression models to examine whether maltreatment in childhood (any maltreatment, physical abuse, sexual abuse, severe neglect, and multiple types of maltreatment) affected employment status, income, and health care coverage in adulthood. Several potential confounds of this relationship were included as covariates in the models, including race, sex, age, and several indicators of childhood socioeconomic status (SES).ResultsThe results show that adults who had experienced maltreatment differed significantly from non-maltreated adults across each of the socioeconomic domains examined. Effects were additionally found to differ depending on the number of types of maltreatment experienced.ConclusionsIncreased rates of unemployment, poverty, and Medicaid usage indicate the significant long-term personal impact of early victimization. They also suggest a substantial societal cost from this problem through lost economic productivity and tax revenue, and increased social spending. Low socioeconomic status among parents has also been identified as a salient risk factor for the perpetration of maltreatment, and, as such, these results indicate a potential mechanism in the intergenerational transmission of violence.Practice implicationsThe findings from this study suggest that victims of child maltreatment are at increased risk for financial and employment-related difficulties in adulthood. Approximately one million children are identified each year by state agencies as victims of maltreatment in the United States. Many maltreated children, furthermore, go undetected by protective service agencies, indicating the high prevalence of this problem, and underscoring its large economic costs to society. By highlighting the long-term socioeconomic costs of maltreatment, this research should encourage policy makers to focus on improving prevention, intervention, and treatment efforts for victims of abuse and neglect.     

Developments and trends in synthesizing diverse forms of evidence: beyond comparisons between distance education and classroom instruction

This paper describes a range of models and methods for synthesizing diverse forms of research evidence. Although this topic is applicable to many contexts (e.g. education, health care), the focus here is on the research traditions of distance education and online learning. Thirteen models and methods are described, and seven examples from distance education and online learning are used to illustrate them. The models are classified as systematic, purposeful, and mixed and are described and compared in terms of purpose, methodological aspects, and expected outcomes.     

历史文化名城意识——导游服务技能应有之义

“历史文化名城”含义丰富而深刻,导游服务人员必须对其有深刻的理解和把握.同时,导游在名城历史文化基础建设方面责无旁贷.但必须要明确名城建设与开发不能“只为旅游”.导游之于名城意识需注意：努力导游,坚持诚信,明确导游的“口头文学”是个系统工程.     

伏牛山文化与汝颍文化比较论

伏牛山地区与汝颍地区山水相连,声气相通,虽一以山为根抵,一以水为源流,却各自在漫长的历史进程中形成了独具特点的地域文化。受自然、历史等因素的影响,伏牛山文化与汝颍文化既有密切的关联,又有鲜明的差异。作为中原文化的重要组成部分,伏牛山文化与汝颍文化在历史上都经历过盛衰起伏。发掘伏牛山文化和汝颍文化的内涵必将对豫南地区的发展起到至关重要的作用。