欧洲性教育标准述评

随着欧洲各国对性教育重要性认识的提高,加之欧洲各国性教育发展水平不一致,性教育标准多样,无统一的标准,不利于各国相互借鉴以改善性教育。鉴于此,世界卫生组织欧洲区域办事处和联邦健康教育中心于2010年联合制定了欧洲性教育标准。该标准从信息、技能、态度三个方面对6个年龄段的性教育制定具体的内容。该标准首次引入全面性教育(holistic sexuality education),重新定义了性教育年龄段,丰富了性教育的内容,并强调各个年龄段前后衔接。欧洲性教育标准值得借鉴,中国今后在性教育方面应摒弃传统性教育观念、倡导"全面性教育",注重学校性教育内容的广泛性与实用性,以一种积极、整体的方式讲授关于性健康和预防性侵犯的知识,并注重培养高尚的性道德,树立正确的性价值观。     

Can MOOCs enhance sexuality education?

There is a revolution taking place in teacher/learner/technology relations. At primary, secondary and tertiary education levels, teachers and students are being confronted by new technologies, new pedagogies, new relationships in teacher-student roles, as well as reconsiderations about how information is to be learned. The growth of information technology and its permeation into schools and universities and in the wider world for adults and older people, is quickly becoming ubiquitous. At the same time, and again at all levels, education for relationships, gender, sexuality and reproductive health has never been more urgently needed. Universities provide pre-service teacher education, but very few include courses on learning and teaching in sexuality education. This paper aims to provide an analysis of whether sexuality education pedagogies, using MOOCs (Massive Open Online Courses), might enhance or detract from competent, in-person delivery of professional quality sexuality education, to people of all ages. Possible advantages and/or disadvantages that characterise MOOCs are identified for the teaching and learning of sexuality education.     

Effects of a sexual health education programme on school psychological counsellor candidates’ sexism tendencies in Turkey

This study examined the effects of a sexual health curriculum developed for school psychological counsellors in Turkey on the sexual health knowledge of the participating candidates, their beliefs in sexual myths and their tendencies towards ambivalent sexism and sexism in romantic relationships. The study adopted a semi-experimental design. Study participants included an experimental group of 59 students from a programme of guidance and psychological counselling in Ege University’s Faculty of Education and a comparison group of 33 students from the Department of Psychology in the Faculty of Letters. Findings suggested that the sexual health education curriculum increased knowledge of sexuality, decreased beliefs in sexual myths, and decreased ambivalent sexism and sexism in romantic relationships among the candidates.     

Transgender young people’s narratives of intimacy and sexual health: implications for sexuality education

Abstract

Sexuality education as pedagogy is often fraught by the perceived requirement to balance the informational needs of young people with an investment in notions of childhood ‘innocence’. Nowhere is this perhaps more evident than in sexuality education that seeks to be inclusive of transgender young people, often resulting in the failure of such education to address the needs of such students. In an attempt at addressing the relative dearth of information about what transgender young people would like to see covered in sexuality education, in this paper we explore transgender young people’s accounts of intimacy and sexual health and consider what this means for school-based sexuality education. To do this, we analyse discussions of intimacy from the perspectives of transgender young people as narrated in a sample of YouTube videos. We conclude by advocating for an approach to sexuality education that largely eschews the gendering of body parts and gametes, and which instead focuses on function, so as to not only address the needs of transgender young people (who may find normative discussions of genitals distressing), but to also provide cisgender young people with a more inclusive understanding of their own and other people’s bodies and desires.     

Responsibilities,tensions and ways forward: parents’ perspectives on children’s sexuality education

Abstract

Children’s sexuality education continues to be plagued with tensions and controversies. In consequence, children’s access to sexuality education is severely compromised, especially in terms of the time dedicated to this topic, the content addressed, how it is taught and by whom. Based on a study of 342 Australian parents of primary school aged children we explore: (i) parents’ perceptions of the relevance and importance of sexuality education to their primary school aged children and the discourses that inform their perspectives; (ii) parents’ views on who should be responsible for the sexuality education of young children; (iii) whether there are certain aspects of sexuality education considered more appropriate for the family to address with children; and (iv) what the implications of these findings are for sexuality education policy and practice in Australian primary schooling. Despite the controversial nature of the topic, the majority of parents in this study believed sexuality education was relevant and important to primary school children and that it should be a collaborative approach between families and schools. However, some parents/carers acknowledged that while that they believed that some topics should only be addressed at home they also indicated that this often does not happen.     

媒介教育:超越社会和自我最有效的途径之一——访香港传媒教育协会主席、香港大学张志俭博士

媒介教育能够帮助学生明智地、批判性地解读大众媒介的本质、媒介常用的手法及这些手法所产生的效果。媒介教育的目的是理解媒介产业、对媒介信息进行解码和编码、媒介制作、欣赏与自我超越。媒介教育不仅需要良好的信息传播技术环境,而且需要良好的政策环境,以及一大批献身于媒介教育事业的有识之士。媒介教育要想健康发展必须定位准确,对有关教育力量要科学整合和组织,以及对预期的行动过程进行科学规划。     

外语教育中全人教育观的缺失与建构

“人”的教育的严重缺失是外语教育中存在的根本问题,背离了其作为一门学科对人文素质培养的功能。为了回归外语教育的本质,必须树立全人教育的外语教学理念,加强外语的通识教育,转换教师角色,注重个体的全面发展。     

Young people’s views of the constraints on sex education in Bangkok,Thailand

This article explores how Thai culture, gender and age influence sex education in Thailand, and how online sources and social media have emerged as an alternative source of sex education among young people. Qualitative data was gathered by means of in-depth interviews and focus group discussions from 99 young people aged 15–24 years of various genders and sexualities living in Bangkok. Age and gender/sexuality have a powerful influence on how students perceive sex education in Thailand. Younger people of all genders/sexualities were interested in the changes occurring in puberty and defining their gender/sexual identity, while older informants were more interested in sexual health issues including prevention and self-assessment. With respect to sexual relationships, different genders/sexualities showed varying interests, some were interested in the emotional aspects, while others were more interested in the physical dimensions of sex. Overall, Thai culture constrains the success of sex education by limiting learning opportunities and discussion, and by the provision of inauthentic knowledge to students. Online sources and the social media offer possible solutions to these inadequacies in sex education.     

Past to Future: Creating a Lifelong Career in Sexuality Education—a Panel from the 2017 National Sexuality Education Conference

How do professionals in the field of sexuality education build a lasting career? Ever-changing policies from one administration to the next can add or eliminate funding for programs, shift the focus between science and ideology, and swing public support for or against effective curricula. At the 2017 National Sex Ed Conference, four experienced educators offered insights for creating meaningful work and sustaining it. Rev. Dr. Debra Haffner, Michael McGee, PhD, Mary Jo Podgurski, EdD, and Pam Wilson, MSW discussed their histories in the field, and offered advice to participants on how to keep engaged in the work as times change.     

西方当代全人教育思想探析

针对西方世界近代以来学校教育以培养工具人为目的,缺少人文关怀的状况,各国掀起了新一轮的全人教育思潮。这股思潮实质上是一场有关教育目的的革命,以纠正近现代教育目的的机械化与功利化。文章在简要介绍西方当代全人教育思想产生背景的基础上,重点分析西方全人教育者们的主要观点,以期为我国落实“以人为本”的教育理念提供借鉴。