Defining Fair Use in Visual Art Research Sources and Strategies

Abstract

This guide offers extensive resources on the intersection of intellectual property law and contemporary visual art and on the application of the doctrine of fair use within this context. It is designed to assist attorneys, museum administrators, art collectors, art dealers and artists in handling litigation involving copyright litigation. It is particularly focused on copyright claims arising out of the art movement known as “appropriation,” which has emerged as a litigation target due to its use of familiar images and image genres drawn from public and consumer media. The guide strives to aid artworlders and attorneys new to art litigation in developing an understanding of the limitations and extent of fair use protections for visual artwork.     

数字图书馆多重法律地位及版权法律重构

数字图书馆具有多重法律地位,可以作为最终用户、普通ICP、数字传播媒体、作品传播者,也由此对版权法提出了挑战。文章提出基于豁免权的版权法律重构,给予数字图书馆特殊合理使用权和特殊豁免权。     

Fair Use,Copyright Law and Digitized Works

Abstract

Many changes are taking place in the copyright law of digital media. Librarians are encouraged to review their current library policies, procedures and practices to determine if they are in compliance with or in violation of these recent changes.     

合理使用与许可使用的异同及适用

版权法自产生之初,就在对版权是保护还是限制这个问题上陷入两难境地。一方面要鼓励和保护优秀作品的创作与传播;另一方面必须出于对社会公共利益的兼顾而对版权人权利加以限制。总的来看,这种限制主要包括合理使用和许可使用两个方面。     

论跨媒介叙事的版权问题与对策

跨媒介叙事是媒介融合趋势在文化内容生产领域的具体表现,也是我国出版、影视、动漫等传媒产业实现互联网转型升级的重要途径。然而,跨媒介叙事对作品创作、使用和传播行为的颠覆使版权问题成为跨媒介叙事的发展瓶颈。从协同叙事和社会化叙事两个维度对跨媒介叙事的行为本质进行透析,分析植根于这两种新型创作方式中的版权冲突,进而从版权许可制度创新、版权经营制度创新和版权法配套改革三个角度对版权冲突的应对提出对策建议。     

试论手机媒体内容的信息网络传播权

当前,手机已成为继报刊、广播、电视、互联网之后被公众所广泛认知的"第五媒体",即手机媒体。手机媒体内容作为无可置疑的著作权法涵盖客体是手机媒体传播的主要对象,其信息网络传播权因手机媒体传播方式的多样性而受到巨大威胁。手机媒体内容信息网络传播权研究是著作权法学理论应用于手机媒体领域中的一项重要课题。文章以手机媒体内容的作品性为研究基点,探讨其信息网络传播权的内涵与特征,进而界定了常见的侵权行为。     

Unknown rights and Baseball strikes

Digital technology has authors in a rundown. While Internet users question whether copyright has a place in the National Information Infrastructure, print publishers are insisting on acquiring from authors rights to all electronic media, known or unknown, whether now existing or yet to be developed. Contrary to the intent of copyright law, publishers are not offering additional compensation for tying up these rights. The solution, says the Authors League of America, lies in adopting the proposals of the Working Group on Intellectual Property Rights and in taking a further step: rendering rights to unknown media inalienable. Paul Aiken, representing the Authors League of America, presented a version of this article to the Working Group on Intellectual Property Rights of the White House Information Infrastructure Task Force in September 1994 as commentary on the preliminary draft of the Working Group’s report.     

Understanding Copyright Law for Slavic,East European,and Eurasian Materials

ABSTRACT

In the last decade the issue of copyright has become more complex for Slavic and East European librarians for a number of reasons. Technological advances have led to new forms of publication and new options for document distribution, and have also had a major impact on intellectual property law in the U.S. and abroad. As the technical means for copying and distributing materials in various formats have increased, and as electronic resources comprise a steadily increasing proportion of the material used in libraries, copyright law has become more integral to the work of librarians. In the background of technological progress, the newly independent states which emerged after the dissolution of Communism have all adopted new copyright laws within the context of global developments in intellectual property legislation. This paper provides a context for copyright as it relates to the work of Slavic and East European librarians in the U.S., by offering a framework for understanding the main issues surrounding copyright and a method for approaching questions related to copyright protection of library materials. The emphasis of this article is on use by U.S. libraries of textual material created or published in Slavic and East European countries.     

Rewiring the DMCA’s history: 20th-century new media and the expanding imaginary for infringement

This article analyzes the Digital Millennium Copyright Act as a refinement of governmental techniques developed for technologies such as piano rolls, reprography, DAT, and VCRs. The technological history recontextualizes legal transitions in copyrights during the 20th century and builds on poststructuralist work on law, technology, and government. Building on Kittler’s understanding of symbolic/technical media and storage/processing, I develop a framework for disentangling the relationship among copyright, DRM, and media technologies. The case studies indicate ICTs are vectors for extending copyright into previously unimagined territories. I argue cultural practices become problematized as they are remediated in new technologies. The evidence suggests the shift from governing storage to processing corresponds to broader rearrangements in power, binding our rituals and means of perception ever more tightly to articulations of industry and state.     

我国著作权法的修改及其对图书情报工作的影响

本文分析了我国著作权法修改的原因,介绍了著作权法修改的过程,评述了新著作权法的主要内容,分析了新著作权法对图书馆情报工作的影响.     

Electronic resources and copyright issues: Consequences for libraries

The application of copyright law to electronic resources is receiving more attention as technologies grow in kind and complexity. The function of copyright as a means of protection for software continues to be questioned, and efforts to resolve this issue are further confounded by the industry's use of patents and license agreements. The rapid growth of electronic resources has precipitated revisions in copyright law in the past decade. A new law has been proposed in 1989 which would further define the application of copyright to software. The current and proposed use of copyright law to protect electronic resources, and its effect on educational institutions and libraries, is discussed. Suggestions to meet the challenge of acquiring electronic resources are offered.     

日本图书馆界参与实施著作权法的研究与借鉴

当代图书馆活动与著作权法的矛盾日益突出。围绕著作权法的修订，图书馆和著作权拥有者的争论不断。考察日本图书馆界参与著作权法的修订、实施及其对图书馆信息服务的影响，对于我们把握著作权法与图书馆工作的关系，具有重要借鉴价值。     

德国版权法中有关图书馆文献传递的新变化及其启示

文章以2008德国最新修订版权法为基础,重点分析了德国新版权法中有关文献传递立法的新变化,并对我国解决文献传递版权问题提出了建议。     

数据库版权问题的困惑与出路

网络时代,对数据库版权保护问题的研究越来越重要。传统版权法对非原创性数据库的保护已遭遇困境,反不正当竞争法成为数据库版权保护的重要补充。为了更充分地保护数据库制作者的权利,欧盟建立了数据库特殊保护制度。我国应完善现有的相关立法,在条件成熟时,考虑制订数据库保护的专门法律。     

发展困局:我国网络著作权制度的嬗变及转型

互联网环境下的著作权问题和与之相关的制度困境,已经成为了制约我国互联网产业持续发展和我国著作权法制度完善的阿喀琉斯之踵。从我国互联网与著作权十年来博弈生存的现实,到网络市场化背景下全球著作权制度面临的文化转型的尝试,我国著作权制度体系中应当尽快建立或者完善开放创新与保护权利间的平衡机制、著作权集体管理的中介机制、著作权利益扩散的回馈机制、网络信息领域的共享机制,以实现著作权保护与互联网发展从对立向共赢的结构性转变,建构良性和谐的网络著作权生态。     

我国著作权法为图书馆赋权的制度模式选择

[目的/意义] 探讨我国著作权法第三次修订为图书馆发挥职能的需要而对其赋权的立法模式选择。[方法/过程] 首先,对现有研究进行简述,揭示其不足。其次,通过为图书馆特别赋权制度产生与发展的回顾,归纳得出著作权立法的逻辑是：维护公共利益是宗旨,保护私人利益是手段。再次,以美国著作权法案、澳大利亚著作权法和我国香港地区著作权法为例,分析将针对图书馆的特别赋权和原则性赋权予以分设的立法模式及其优点;以法国知识产权法、德国著作权法、我国台湾地区著作权法为例,分析将针对图书馆的特别赋权和原则性赋权予以整合的立法模式及其缺点。最后,分析数字网络环境下图书馆发挥职能的制度需求,国际上最新的图书馆可适用著作权限制制度的立法动态,以及几种著作权限制制度间的逻辑关系和国家的现实需求。[结果/结论] 我国著作权法第三次修订应该对图书馆可适用的著作权限制制度采取特别赋权与原则性赋权分设的立法模式,并提出著作权法图书馆相关条款的具体修改建议。     

网络环境下图书馆信息服务的著作权问题

本文论述了网络环境下图书馆开展信息服务涉及的复制侵权等七个方面的著作权问题，指出图书馆界一方面要自觉遵守著作权法，另一方面要积极参与著作权法的立法讨论，促进合理使用和版权平衡。     

英国图书馆使用著作权的规则和立法评述

英国是现代著作权制度的发祥地,也是注重对图书馆使用著作权问题开展立法的国家。文章简述了英国著作权法的发展历程,介绍了规制英国图书馆使用著作权的主要法律和规则,分析了其立法特色。     

新著作权法评析

新著作权法是在我国入世前夕颁布的一部知识产权法律。作者结合《伯尔尼公约》、TRIPS协议等国际条约的有关规定，并与原著作权法相比，对其从七个方面进行了评论和分析。