高等学校思想政治教育的人文关怀研究

教育的人文关怀,实际就是关注学生的理想、信念和情感。在新形势下,加强高校思想政治教育的人文关怀,引导学生加强自身修养,提高精神境界,完善自我人格,是培养21世纪人才和实现高校思想政治教育目标的必由之路。     

Changing lives: improving care leaver access to higher education

ABSTRACT

Australian and international research documents the limited access of young people transitioning from out-of-home care (OOHC) to further and higher education. This paper examines the processes, outcomes, and key findings of the Raising Expectations project, a collaborative university and industry approach to promote higher education among care leavers at two Australian universities. That approach was informed by the co-authors' previous research, including interviews with enrolled care-leaver students. The paper highlights the relevance of that research in the design and implementation of Raising Expectations. Our findings reiterate the importance of policy and practice reforms informed by rigorous research, particularly involving the voices and agency of care leavers. We outline strategies adopted by the participating universities resulting in a fourfold increase in enrolments, growth in school outreach activities, and significantly improved retention rates. The paper also highlights barriers to higher education access and success, through care-leaver student interviews and policy analysis. These interviews revealed the need for better university outreach and information to prospective care-leaver students, improved support for enrolled care-leaver students, and better capturing of data by universities and governments. The paper also highlights policy barriers to the greater expansion of care-leavers at university, especially in the absence of extended state care.     

The emergence of contesting motives for student feedback-based evaluation in Australian higher education

Student feedback-based evaluation performs a significant social role in framing perceptions of the quality of teaching in contemporary Australian higher education. Yet its emergence is a relatively recent phenomenon, having only been in widespread application since the mid-1980s. The early manifestations of student feedback-based evaluation came with newly emerging academic development units with a motive to enhance the quality of local teaching and to afford student retention. However, new motives for assailing student feedback evolved with the rapid growth in student numbers, the introduction of student fees and heightened levels of inter-institutional competition for students. As a result, student feedback-based evaluation progressively became also a powerful proxy measure of teaching and curricula quality assurance at an individual, institutional and sectoral level [Blackmore, J. (2009). Academic pedagogies, quality logics and performative universities: Evaluating teaching and what students want. Studies in Higher Education, 34(8), 857–872. doi:10.1080/03075070902898664]. This generated critical tensions between the seminal motive of student feedback around quality improvement, and the rising quality assurances discourses, academic performance management demands and institutional marketing. In this paper, the complex social origins of these competing motives for student feedback-based evaluation in Australian higher education will be explored and analysed. It is argued this provides an important means of understanding the polarising effects of student feedback-based evaluation in Australian universities.     

中美高等教育交流与中国高等学校教学改革

本文研究了中美高等教育交流对我国高等学校教学改革的影响 ,认为对我国高等学校的课程与教学内容变革、教学方法变革和教学管理体制变革等产生了有力的推动作用。同时认为 ,美国经验是推动我国高等学校教学改革的重要因素 ,但只是作为外因起作用 ,并不是根本动因和全部外来经验     

Vocational teachers' gendered reflections on education,teaching and care

In this article, we discuss teachers' reflections on the relation between teaching and care in the two most gender-segregated sectors of vocational upper secondary education in Finland, namely Health and Social services and Transport and Technology. We first discuss the concepts around education, teaching, taking care for and caring about students, using theoretisations of care and feminist pedagogies. Using teacher interviews and field notes, we then analyse teachers' ambivalence about care work in the context of teaching, placing special emphasis on care as a gendered task, and then discuss the ‘moral panic’ or ‘worry speech’ about young people in vocational education from the perspective of caring about. The findings are reflected through earlier studies in lower secondary schools. We argue that even if teachers in vocational education, especially male teachers, tend to feel awkward about caring work, they cannot avoid it, and they do care about their students and regard care as a general responsibility.     

精英高等教育与大众高等教育:两个体系的解读

高等教育机构应该按功能分化,而不是趋同。精英高等教育与大众高等教育作为两个体系,既是概念层面的划分,也是操作层面的划分。绝大部分的高等教育机构应该有清晰的定位,或者属于精英高等教育,或者属于大众高等教育。有质的差别的教育应该在不同质的教育机构内完成。精英高等教育与大众高等教育的关系既是冲突的,又是和谐的。我们既要防止精英高等教育压抑大众高等教育,又要防止大众高等教育消解精英高等教育。     

构建高等职业教育技术型教学体系初探

本从高等职业教育特点出发,通过对国内外人才培养模式分析,结合中国的实际,对构建技术型教学体系进行了初步探索,并对技术型教学体系的建设提出了建议。本认为：技术型教学体系是反映高等职业教育本质特征的主流教学体系。它由驱动、受动、调控、保障四个层面,以及教学理念、教学目标、教学内容和课程体系、教学手段与方法、师资队伍、学生、教学管理、学业成绩等八个要素组成。各要素之间存在着相互依存、相互联系、相互制约的关系。技术型教学体系的基本特征是教学体系的共性和技术型教学体系的个性的集合。技术型教学体系的主要特征是：（1）把培养适应社会和人的发展需求的,在生产、建设、管理、服务第一线工作的高等技术应用型专门人才作为教学的基本目标。（2）以某个职业或职业群的职业能力和综合素质的培养作为进行教学的基础,作为设计课程和相关教学环节、选择教学手段和方法的依据。（3）产业界深度参与教学、良好的实验实训实习条件、“双师型”教师是高质教学的关键。（4）学历证书和职业资格证书并重,学完规定课程之后可以获得国家主管当局认可的在劳务市场上从业的能力和资格。（5）关注学生的全面发展,既为学生将来就业做准备,又为学生自我发展做准备,还为学生将来履行公民职责做准备。本建议：在发展中构建技术型教学体系,学校要加大技术型教学体系建设的力度,完善行业和企业深度参与教学的机制,完善教学与职业资格证书制度的衔接,通过建立教学质量保证体系来推动技术型教学体系的建立。     

从高等职业教育的高等性认识高职英语教学

高等职业教育的高等性是高等职业教育人才培养目标定位的基准,忽视对高等职业教育的高等性特征的认识,将使高等职业教育人才培养目标和人才质量出现问题。因此,要坚持高等职业教育的层次和类型,从高等教育的高等性认识高职英语教学,在突出高职英语教学特点的同时,重视其高等性,才能达到高等职业教育专业英语教学的目的。     

高校教学师生互动的理性思考

由于师生习惯、人的惰性、传统文化、高校扩招、业务考核政策导向等方面因素的影响,目前高校普遍存在着静止型、混乱型、单向型、牵引型等缺乏师生互动的教学状态。建议通过实施高校师生互动教学改革实验,加强高校教师教学技能技法训练,建立一套科学有效的教学管理评价和报酬激励机制,调动师生双方的积极性,有效推进高校教学师生互动。     

我国高等教育计算机教学问题研究

近几年来,随着我国经济和文化的快速发展,传统的教育理念逐渐被新的教育观所代替,很多高校的教育环境、教育资源配置也发生了很大的变化。本文从我国高等教育计算机教学的角度进行分析,从高校计算机教学中存在的问题为切入点,在发现问题的基础上提出了改进高校计算机教学的一系列措施。     

中国近代高等教育的社会信任习惯及其形成

我国近代高等教育的社会信任由科举信任、官本位型信任和职业获得型信任混合构成,并成为过去乃至现在人们信任和认同高等教育的习惯。这一习惯影响着人们对高等教育的认知图式和交往方式。     

建构主义学习观在高职英语教学中的运用

将建构主义学习观引入高职英语教学中,以一个具体单元的教学为例,通过创设情境、搭建桥梁、提出问题、组织协作、展示成果、评价反思等教学环节,探讨了建构主义学习观在高职英语教学中的实际运用。     

Linking critical pedagogy practice to higher education in Malaysia: insights from English language teachers

This study explores whether critical pedagogy is viable for meeting the goals of the Malaysia Education Blueprint (MEB) 2015–2025. The MEB has a particular focus on societal improvement and the authors suggest that critical pedagogy should be considered as a way of teaching as it specifically aligns with the aims of government policy. However, there is uncertainty about how critical pedagogy might be enacted in the Malaysian higher education context because it is difficult to understand and practise. The authors interviewed English language critical pedagogues from various countries about their experiences and found four common themes across all cultures. These were: co-construction of knowledge between teacher and student; new levels of trust; the use of problem-posing techniques; and evaluation of teaching and the student experience. These findings provide a guide to practice and the authors conclude that for critical pedagogy to gain acceptance across Malaysia, consideration needs to be given to changing prevailing cultural norms, the strict social order, as well as the political landscape of the country.     

成人高等教育课程建设探索

本认为适应知识经济时代的要求，就必须充分认识成人高等教育课程建设和重要性，解放思想，转变观念，改革陈旧的教学内容和方法，整体优化课程结构，逐步建立具有鲜明的时代特色、专业特色和成人特色的创新型的课程体系。     

高职英语口语教学研究

高职主要是为社会培养实用技术型人才,培养学习者某一特定职业或职业群所需的实际能力,为他们搭建通向某一职业的道路。在高职学校教育中,英语也是一门重要的学科。英语能够更好地辅助学习者获得一门好的职业,帮助高职学生进行更好的交流。有时英语还可以帮助高职学生看懂和掌握一些用英文写的国外技术,让他们提升自己的技术水平,使自己成为更加符合社会需要的人才。     

高等教育结构:博弈中的建构

中国现实的高等教育结构,是在政府与高校的博弈中形成和发展的。以对资源的分配和占有为纽带,政府与高校之间形成主与从、一与多的博弈关系。高等教育系统中出现的无序、趋同和攀高等现象,是在现行的管理体制和资源配置机制下博弈的结果。优化高等教育结构的过程,是一个"在博弈中建构"的过程。要建构一个充满活力、宏观有序的高等教育系统,必须强化市场竞争机制和赋予高校充分的办学自主权。     

The impact of training and education in Indonesian aid schemes

This paper sets out to understand the impact that training and education programmes have had on institutions and on individuals in Indonesia and to identify theoretical and practical approaches that appear to be effective in bringing about planned change. An analysis was made of evaluation and research studies that included significant components of training and education. The evidence of longer-term impacts does not support the belief that development and change will automatically follow from training. The studies show that the absence of systemic and institutional commitment and the absence of sustainable links in a complex chain of institutional arrangements are impediments to the goals of development. For trainees, the outcomes derived from overseas training are a complex mix of professional, affective, cultural and career advantages mediated by the nature of the work environment. Although most graduates believe in the advantages of overseas training there are also important disadvantages, such as difficulties with re-entry, work relationships, and the development of appropriate professional networks. The studies identify several input and contextual factors that have had a significant influence on longer-term change.     

课堂教学艺术须扩展高职教学全过程

高职教育更需要课堂教学艺术,高职教学需要把专业设计、课程体系建设和课堂教学（包括理论课堂教学和实践课堂教学）用系统的观点有机地融合起来,从课程体系建设入手进行教育全过程的课堂教学方法设计和改革。     

浅析高等教育与社会分层之间的互动关系

高等教育与社会分层之间具有非常明显的互动关系。这种互动关系主要体现在社会分层对高等教育的影响以及高等教育对社会分层的影响两个层面。近年来,对于这种互动关系的研究多侧重于社会分层对高等教育入学机会以及专业选择等方面的影响,而就社会分层对高校毕业生职业的选择、就业机会是否均等、就业率等方面的影响的研究则显得较为薄弱,仍需进一步研究。     

基于共享模式的高等职业教育专业教学资源库的体系构架与建设

近年来,我国大力发展职业教育,为国家培养了大批的应用型人才,如何在有限的教学资源下发挥无限的教学功效,是当前职业教育研究的一个重要问题,其中基于共享模式的高等职业教育专业教学资源库的建设就是解决以上教学问题的一个有效途径。本文从教学资源库的总体框架谈起,然后就教学资源库的建设进行说明,最后对教学资源库管理平台的构建进行介绍。