科学知识与生态伦理的耦合：文化进步的合理形态——阿尔贝特·史怀泽哲学的文本解读

文化进步的合理形态是:科学知识与生态伦理的有机耦合.科学知识的单向度增长并不代表文化进步本身,而只不过是人类的天真从幼稚走向深刻而已,必然给人类带来灾难性的后果:加剧人-自然与人-社会关系的紧张;消解人的主体性、创造性和否定性维度.克服科学知识异化的最好办法便是以敬畏生命的伦理精神作为科学知识的航船之舵,从而使科技非理性主义理性化,科学知识人性化、科学进步伦理化和科学知识的潜在威胁虚无化.只有树立敬畏生命的伦理信念,人类才能从消极自我否定转变为积极的自我肯定,科学知识和人的价值才能得到真正的实现,伦理学史上的不对称与后果论问题才能得到真正的扬弃.     

浅谈科学知识的德育价值

道德的滑坡不能归咎于以科学主义导向的知识教育。科学知识具有德育价值：科学知识能够拓展人们的道德领域、促进人们的道德完善、培养人们的道德品性,科学知识的负面作用能促使人们进行道德自律。科学知识德育价值的实现有赖于以人为本的教育理念、教育者明确的德育意识、适当的教育方法以及德育对象对科学知识的内化。     

试论远程环境下高等职业教学体系的构建

文章阐述了高等职业教学体系的基本特征,由此分析了远程环境下高等职业教学体系构建中所面临的挑战．针对构建符合高等职业教育规律的远程环境下高等职业教学体系提出了具体的实施意见。     

论教师的知识成长

教师知识是一个持续不断地生成和成长的过程。入职前教师形成的"前科学"知识和"生存"知识是教师知识成长的最初阶段,职后生成的教师个人实践性知识是教师知识的核心部分。通过教育叙事、教学反思和行动研究等方式可彰显和升华教师个人实践知识,促进教师的专业发展。     

注重道德接受心理研究 提高学校道德教育效果

在阐述注重道德接受心理研究的理论及现实依据的基础上,提出了注重道德接受心理研究才能有效提高学校道德教育效果的新思路,并提出了道德接受心理研究的3个主要研究方向：即注重接受主体“前在性”的道德接受心理倾向、道德接受心理障碍以及道德接受心理优化研究。     

Caring relationships in science classrooms: A symbolic interaction study

This symbolic interaction study was designed to identify and discover key components about caring science teachers. Grounded theory was generated that emphasizes the notion that caring is important in today's schools and provides insight into what happens in science classrooms. A key pattern that emerged regarding science teachers who are perceived to be caring is that they build a variety of relationships. The kinds of relationships described as caring by the teachers in this study include teacher-student, student-student, and teacher-content. The interaction and integration of these three kinds of relationships results in teacher-student-content relationships. The emergence of relationships and illustrations of the importance of these relationships is described herein. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

重构知识教学:一种交往价值的走向

知识教学在本质上是主体之间 (师生之间 )的知识交往活动。现行知识教学中存在着诸种“负交往”倾向。当代知识教学的改革或重构 ,迫切需要通过交往实践的方式 ,促使“负交往”的知识教学走向主体之间的知识交往     

Understanding the co‐construction of inquiry practices: A case study of a responsive teaching environment

We set out to understand how different instantiations of inquiry emerged in two different years of one elementary teacher's classroom. Longitudinal observations from Mrs. Charles' 5th grade science classroom forced us to carefully and deliberately consider who exactly was responsible for the change in the class activities and norms. We provide empirical evidence to show how a focus on the teacher can easily overlook the complex dynamics of the classroom. The data reveal that students had a substantive and generative role in the class's arrival at the different instantiations of scientific inquiry—the nature and form of inquiry—that were constructed each year. We argue that, in an environment where a teacher carefully attends and responds to student thinking, the nascent resources students have for reasoning about phenomena can affect not only the conceptual ideas that emerge, but also influence what inquiry activities or practices become established as normative and productive over time. Our work with Mrs. Charles illuminates an important methodological concern with research on teacher development as well as the construct of teacher learning progressions; research accounts that focus primarily on the teacher may overlook the classroom norms that are negotiated between teacher and student, and thereby provide an incomplete portrayal of the teacher's activity within one classroom and the teacher's progress across multiple years. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Res Sci Teach 49: 429–464, 2012     

Changing knowledge regimes: Universities in a new research environment

This paper takes an apparent knowledgeparadox as its point of departure. `Knowledge'has acquired a more all encompassing meaningtoday, yet this has not strengthened thesupport for and confidence in higher educationinstitutions. On the contrary, it is oftenclaimed that they have outlived theirusefulness. In trying to understand thedevelopment behind this paradox, we deal withthree issues. We discuss first thewidening concept of knowledge and the claimthat there is emerging a new mode of knowledgeproduction. Secondly the widening concept ofknowledge is put into a social and politicalcontext, where massification and its socialimplications are discussed. Thirdly we developa theoretical framework based on the concept ofknowledge regimes. In this part wediscuss how the concept of knowledge regimesand the related concepts of knowledgeinterests and knowledge alliances may behelpful in understanding the complexities andambiguity of higher education development.Finally we discuss some implications regardingknowledge's role in social development. Wequestion the assumption that there is anecessary relationship between a wideningconcept of knowledge and a given form ofknowledge development.     

制度伦理研究综述

目前,制度伦理已成为伦理学界研究的一个热点,主要讨论这样一些问题：制度伦理的概念;制度伦理在伦理学中所处地位及其社会功能;制度伦理学的建立及其发展前景等。     

Toward a framework for the development of mathematical knowledge for teaching

Shulman (1986, 1987) coined the term pedagogical content knowledge (PCK) to address what at that time had become increasingly evident—that content knowledge itself was not sufficient for teachers to be successful. Throughout the past two decades, researchers within the field of mathematics teacher education have been expanding the notion of PCK and developing more fine-grained conceptualizations of this knowledge for teaching mathematics. One such conceptualization that shows promise is mathematical knowledge for teaching—mathematical knowledge that is specifically useful in teaching mathematics. While mathematical knowledge for teaching has started to gain attention as an important concept in the mathematics teacher education research community, there is limited understanding of what it is, how one might recognize it, and how it might develop in the minds of teachers. In this article, we propose a framework for studying the development of mathematical knowledge for teaching that is grounded in research in both mathematics education and the learning sciences.

Professional knowledge learned and professional knowledge applied: A case study of two trainee English teachers

This article reports on one strand of a collaborative research project undertaken at the Faculty of Education, which sought to explore trainee teachers' development of assessment understandings and practices during their PGCE, and over the following two years. Using two case studies of English trainees, we explore the ways in which they seek to bring together effective assessment principles embedded in the research literatures they encountered in their training with the classroom focused, 'tried and tested' approaches in their placement schools. The resulting demands on professional knowledge 'pure' and 'applied', and some resulting tensions are investigated though interviews with the trainees concerned.     

前知识与物理教学

文章阐述了前知识形成的原因和特点,以及对物理教学的影响.分析了前知识在物理教学中有利与不利两个方面,以及在教学中如何纠正错误的前知识,而使其在物理教学中起到有利的作用.     

Plants as producers: A case study of elementary science teaching

This case study is part of a larger study of teachers' use of curriculum materials in planning and teaching fifth-grade science. This case study focuses on one of the nine teachers observed teaching an activity-based unit on plant growth and photosynthesis. Although the teacher became aware that her students held certain misconceptions about plant growth, she was unsuccessful in helping them replace their misconceptions with the scientific conceptions she wanted them to learn. The analysis revealed several factors that contributed to this disappointing result. The teacher and the curriculum developers held different views about learning and the nature of science, and several problems surfaced about the content and organization of the teacher's guide.     

论职业教育中程序性知识教学的特点与规律

职业教育以教学程序性知识为主。职业教育中程序性知识教学的特点表现为:教学的目的是为了学生会做,学习的途径主要是通过实际性的活动,教学内容具有职业性与实用性。职业教育中程序性知识的教学规律表现为:程序性知识获得的前提是掌握程序性知识的陈述性形式,程序性知识的学习是学中做和做中学的辩证统一以及技术的知识与实践的知识的辩证统一。     

Assessing culturally sensitive factors in the learning environment of science classrooms

As schools are becoming increasingly diverse in their scope and clientele, any examination of the interaction of culturally sensitive factors of students' learning environments with learning science assumes critical importance. The purpose of this exploratory study was to develop an instrument to assess learning environment factors that are culturally sensitive, to provide initial validation information on the instrument and to examine associations between students' perceptions of their learning environments and their attitudes towards science and achievement of enquiry skills. A measure of these factors of science student's learning environment, namely the Cultural Learning Environment Questionnaire (CLEQ), was developed from past learning environment instruments and influenced by Hofstede's four dimensions of culture (Power Distance, Uncertainty Avoidance, Individualism, and Masculinity/Femininity). The reliability and discriminant validity for each scale were obtained and associations between learning environment, attitude to science and enquiry skills achievement were found.     

The role of cognition in teaching and learning: A case study

Abstract

A growing body of research has emphasized the important role that prior knowledge, experience, beliefs and attitudes play in the interpretation of policy reforms. Spillane, Reiser and Reimer (2002) assert that teachers use their prior knowledge in making sense of new directives to change their practice, pointing out how teachers arrive at different interpretations of the same policy message, sometimes even misunderstanding the policy intent. They highlight how teachers often are biased towards policy interpretations that fit with their prior beliefs and values. However, few of these studies exist in a third world setting. This article tries to bridge this gap by focusing on a case study that was executed in a South African classroom. The findings suggest that the teacher in this study were largely guided by his own beliefs of what constitutes good teaching and that curriculum policy is constantly shaped, reshaped and adapted to the situation in a process of great complexity.     

外交学专业课程双语教学研究——以四川外语学院外交学为例

本文结合四川外语学院外交学专业的双语教学实践,探讨外语类院校双语教学的优势、瓶颈、途径及教学模式,以期对外语院校开展双语教学提供有价值的建议。     

Globalisation,transnational academic mobility and the Chinese knowledge diaspora: an Australian case study

The master discourses of economic globalisation and the knowledge economy each cite knowledge diasporas as vital ‘trans-national human capital’. Based on a case study of a major Australian university, this article examines the potential to deploy China's large and highly-skilled diaspora in the service of Chinese and Australian scientific and technological development. It finds that at a time when much of the world is deeply mired in a global financial crisis, this treasured resource of highly-skilled intellectuals assumes even greater significance. Meanwhile, there are key challenges to be confronted to fully utilise China's overseas talent. It argues that the Chinese knowledge diaspora are a modern kind of cosmopolitan literati, and could contribute actively to higher education internationalisation in both Australia and China.