数字出版：我们如何清醒面对？

信息技术的发展使出版业发生了巨大的变化,传统的纸质出版面临数字出版的严峻挑战.本文系统地分析了出版行业走向数字化的背景,在商业模式、服务方式、技术、市场、版权等方面所面临的变革和存在的各种问题,以及为全面迎接数字出版时代的到来所需要做的准备.     

Research in librarianship in Thailand: a bibliographical survey

The quantity of information distributed today on the Internet, especially through the World Wide Web, is rising much more quickly than the quantity of information available through other mass media. Just as we do not like or believe everything we read in the newspapers, see on TV, or hear on the radio, we cannot like or believe everything on the Internet. Consequently, it is necessary to critically assess the quality of websites and to determine the extent to which they meet our needs and requirements. This paper is an attempt to analyze information evaluation concept and process-based on some quality management concepts, rools and methods in order to propose some basic criteria to evaluate website quality and to select suitable websites.     

The randomised controlled trial design: unrecognized opportunities for health sciences librarianship

Objectives: to describe the essential components of the Randomised Controlled Trial (RCT) and its major variations; to describe less conventional applications of the RCT design found in the health sciences literature with potential relevance to health sciences librarianship; to discuss the limited number of RCTs within health sciences librarianship. Methods: narrative review supported to a limited extent with PubMed and Library Literature database searches consistent with specific search parameters. In addition, more systematic methods, including handsearching of specific journals, to identify health sciences librarianship RCTs. Results: While many RCTs within the health sciences follow more conventional patterns, some RCTs assume certain unique features. Selected examples illustrate the adaptations of this experimental design to answering questions of possible relevance to health sciences librarians. The author offers several strategies for controlling bias in library and informatics applications of the RCT and acknowledges the potential of the electronic era in providing many opportunities to utilize the blinding aspects of RCTs. RCTs within health sciences librarianship inhabit a limited number of subject domains such as education. This limited scope offers both advantages and disadvantages for making Evidence‐Based Librarianship (EBL) a reality. Conclusion: The RCT design offers the potential to answer far more EBL questions than have been addressed by the design to date. Librarians need only extend their horizons through use of the versatile RCT design into new subject domains to facilitate making EBL a reality.     

Research engagement in health librarianship: Outcomes of a focus group

It is widely recognised that there is a lack of research engagement in librarianship. Anecdotal and editorial based observations express concerns regarding this situation but there is a lack of research exploring it. The research which does exist has been conducted at a generic level with little relevance to specific disciplines of librarianship therefore weakening its impact and applicability at discipline level. To date, there have been no studies that examine issues of research engagement exclusively within the context of UK health librarianship. This study reports on the findings of a focus group conducted as part of a larger study which attempted to redress this current gap in the evidence base. The focus group aimed specifically to gain consensus on the top five key barriers and top five key priorities for research engagement in the UK health librarianship. The main findings suggest that barriers to research engagement are mainly contextualised within research addressing key matters for the profession of health librarianship, whilst priorities are mainly contextualised within the role health librarians have in supporting the research of the health professionals to whom they provide library services. Outcomes of the focus group provide early empirical evidence to confirm that whilst there is considerable goodwill towards research and the development of the evidence base in health librarianship, there are existing challenges between working for the interests of both the library service user and development of the evidence base in healthcare, and the evidence based progression of the health librarianship profession.     

Research data management at an African medical university: Implications for academic librarianship

The study investigates and provides results on the current status of research data management at a medical school in a developing African country. The study focusses on four aspects of research data management: generation; preservation and backup; competencies; and challenges. Quantitative data collected using a questionnaire from 84 health researchers and 16 librarians was complemented by qualitative data gathered through conducting structured interviews with the Director of Research of the university. The study results provide the research community with a better understanding of research data management perspectives amongst health researchers in a developing country. This could help research data management stakeholders to adopt better strategies for championing research data management activities in this particular country and in other developing countries. The study notes that the current research data management status creates an opportunity for an academic library to consolidate and fortify its widely viewed natural role in research data management. In view of the findings, the study proposes that the adoption of research data management policies is essential in inspiring the conceptualisation, popularisation, adoption, and operationalisation of various research data management activities within the African university environment.     

漫谈主题征文来稿的标题制作

针对各行各业、不同地区经常开展的主题征文活动来稿中存在的标题雷同或类似、冗长或滥用副题、平淡乏味或不恰当等问题,分析了造成上述问题的原因;结合<我与科协>征文活动,探讨了修改或重新制作主题征文来稿标题的4项原则;指出征文活动组织者应高度重视来稿的标题制作,在应征通知中要提醒作者精心制作个性化文章标题,以切实提高征文活动的水平、质量和效益.     

漫谈主题征文来稿的标题制作

针对各行各业、不同地区经常开展的主题征文活动来稿中存在的标题雷同或类似、冗长或滥用副题、平淡乏味或不恰当等问题,分析了造成上述问题的原因;结合《我与科协》征文活动,探讨了修改或重新制作主题征文来稿标题的4项原则;指出征文活动组织者应高度重视来稿的标题制作,在应征通知中要提醒作者精心制作个性化文章标题,以切实提高征文活动的水平、质量和效益。     

As we may think: Information literacy as a discipline for the information age

The aim of this paper is to propose information literacy as a soft applied discipline, of key importance in the information society. This is contrasted with the characterization of information literacy as a personal attribute in the U.S. and Australian Information Literacy standards. Vannevar Bush's vision of the technologically connected and enabled scientist is used to introduce a discussion of citizen's information needs and responsibilities in an age of “cheap complex devices.” The authors emphasize the key role of information literacy in this information society. Information literacy is identified as a soft applied discipline, with reference to disciplinary indicators that have been identified in the literature. Building on this concept of an information literacy discipline, the authors propose a mission for information literacy education focused around three elements: information literacy for citizenship, information literacy for economic growth, and information literacy for employability. The paper concludes by identifying that in terms of preparing citizens for managing and taking action in society, information literacy has much to contribute, and that it is vital to nurture this emergent discipline.     

科技期刊青年编辑撰写编辑学论文如何选题

为了帮助科技期刊青年编辑做好撰写编辑学论文的选题工作,介绍《华西口腔医学杂志》编辑部的选题经验:可以从计算机及互联网技术在科技期刊工作中的应用、出版业的热门话题和普遍问题、期刊工作经验、期刊发展状况、学科专业、交叉学科等几方面进行选题。     

Organizational information creation through a design game: A sensemaking perspective

Information creation taking place in the use of an organizational design card game, Topaasia® is discussed. Using 18 video-recorded play sessions, the researchers analyzed the ways in which players make propositions based on cards and raise points or further development in the organization, as well as discuss contextual factors. The sessions were analyzed on topical turn-taking and by using the Systems Intelligence Inventory. Through these processes, the study shows the importance of breaking organizational communication genre conventions for the goal of revealing tacit information and for the creation of new information. The research thereby contributes to studies of organizational information creation and sensemaking.     

科技期刊青年编辑如何才能成长为一名好编辑——在“兴昌精神”激励下不断前行

当前,我国科技期刊事业的主要战略目标是科技期刊综合实力跃居世界第一方阵,建成一批具有国际竞争力的品牌期刊。培育世界一流科技期刊需要一流的好编辑。受“兴昌精神”的启示,文章指出科技期刊青年编辑要有敬业精神、工匠精神,要善于学习,对待科技期刊工作要持之以恒,要有奉献精神和期刊发展“一盘棋”的大局观。只有如此,才能向着符合时代要求的好编辑目标成长。     

Memorial design as information creation: Honoring the past through co-production of an informing aesthetic

Information behavior scholars are increasingly exploring information creation; however, these studies focus primarily on individuals' processes. The Melbourne Korean War Memorial (MKWM) used an interdisciplinary co-creation process, combining expertise in architecture, industrial design, engineering, and history. Over a two-year period, the MKWM research/design team worked with government officials and community members, from ideation and prototype design, through construction and installation of the completed memorial. The finished product informs the viewer about historic events, while also meeting architectural and design best practices. The co-authors' analysis of the information co-creation process constructs a new model of an informing aesthetic, where the memorial design embeds three types of information: explicit (e.g., photographs); implicit (e.g., national flowers); and embodied (e.g., pathway elevation). By combining research expertise with community feedback, while meeting technical and government design needs, the memorial informs about the war through a combination of statistics, storytelling, and visual knowledge representations.     

A journal club is an effective tool for assisting librarians in the practice of evidence-based librarianship: a case study

OBJECTIVE: To establish a journal club for librarians, which aimed to develop appraisal skills and assist in the application of research to practice. METHODS: Fourteen health librarians were invited to attend a journal club. Each month a librarian was responsible for preparing a scenario, choosing a research paper, and selecting a checklist. The paper was appraised by the club, and a critically appraised topic (CAT) prepared. Six months later, a questionnaire was sent to all librarians. RESULTS: Six out of 14 librarians attended the journal club and five out of six returned the questionnaire. All five agreed that attending the journal club helped them develop appraisal skills, write a CAT and be more critical of research. Four agreed they always identified a research paper first, then formulated a question. One librarian agreed that applying results to their own practice was difficult, one disagreed and three were neutral. CONCLUSION: Journal clubs can be effective at developing appraisal skills and writing a CAT, as well as increasing the reading of library research. Librarians still need assistance in identifying and using questions directly from their own practice. The journal club has helped some librarians to apply evidence to practice, but others find the research is not always directly relevant.     

The feminist and the emperor's new clothes: Feminist deconstruction as a critical methodology for library and information studies

Deconstruction is a poststructural methodology useful for questioning underlying assumptions. A feminist approach adds to deconstruction an active, applied element appropriate to a female-intensive profession. This article draws on feminist deconstructive theory and its application in other professions to develop an approach suitable for research in library and information studies (LIS). It explains and provides an example of feminist deconstruction as a methodology. The example addresses an assumption of information storage and retrieval: the necessity of imposing a universal language on information for effective retrieval. A feminist deconstruction reveals that the boundary between uniformity and diversity of language is artificial or constructed and that any such boundary is exclusionary. The article concludes with other suggested applications of feminist deconstruction in LIS.     

How Students Research: Implications for the Library and Faculty

This paper presents qualitative findings about the search behaviors and research habits of students interviewed at six college and university campuses in the US. Our findings suggest that students’ strategies are influenced by both their non-academic search experiences as well as the broader academic context of their research tasks. Their behaviors suggest an on-going negotiation of these influences, evidenced by the ways they incorporate Google into their research strategy while still closely adhering to faculty instruction for using library resources. Students bring a strong sense of self-reliance to the research process, yet they still experience many barriers and pain points accessing library resources. We have included recommendations for librarians and faculty who, by better understanding the journey of an academic researcher, can work in concert to reduce the barriers and increase the success of students’ research efforts.     

The system of measurable indicators for scientific and technological development of the Russian Federation: methodology and design

The vectors for the transformation of scientific-technological and industrial policy pursued by industrially developed countries in the post-crisis period between 2011 and 2016 are analyzed. It is shown that the economic reindustrialization strategy has been selected by the United States and the European Union as the main vector for the modernization of scientific and technological policy, limiting the export of the most advanced breakthrough technologies outside the leading countries. It is argued that the scientific and technological internationalization trend has been increasingly replaced by the policy of “technological colonization.” A system of measurable indicators for scientific and technological areas is proposed. It allows one to compare, rank, and justifiably select the most promising scientific and technological areas for the development of new industries in the Russian Federation involving minimum risks and barriers. The results of the testing of the system are presented. Using the system of measurable indicators is expected to provide evidence for decision making for concentrating intellectual, financial, organizational, and infrastructural resources on the development of priority areas that are key to addressing the large challenges facing the Russian Federation.