欧洲近代化启动时期的文化根基

本文主要结合欧洲近代化启动时期的历史背景,简要分析了欧洲近代化启动时期的文化根基：哲学文化、宗教文化、自然科学、文学、马克思文化,以此探讨了欧洲近代化启动时期的文化根基对西方文化的重要作用。     

欧洲高等教育近代化的类型与道路分析

本论文以课程的量变和从量变到质变的变化作为衡量欧洲高等教育近代化的基本尺度,着重分析了欧洲高等教育近代化的起点,归纳出法、英、德三种不同的高等教育近代化类型及其实现近代化的道路。在结论部分,分析了三个国家高等教育近代化道路的异同以及对其它国家高等教育近代化的影响等问题     

曾国藩晚年对近代西方文化的认识

本文从曾国藩的洋务观和洋务活动、曾国藩经济思想的近代化成份、曾国藩外交思想的近代化成份及曾国藩教育思想的近代化成份等四个方面,论述了曾国藩晚年对近代西方文化的认识。     

名不副实的主干载体——中国早期资产阶级在近代化中的角色

1 近代化与现代化是两个既有区别又有联系的概念。所谓现代化(modemisation)系指人类社会从传统的农业社会向现代工业社会转变的历史过程,这一过程涉及全球性的经济、政治、社会、思想、心理各方面的巨大变迁。大体说来,它发源于十六世纪的欧洲,中经十八世纪工业革命而向全     

曾国藩晚年对近代西方文化的认识

本从曾国藩的洋务观和洋务活动、曾国藩经济思想的近代化成份、曾国藩外交思想的近代化成份及曾国藩教育思想的近代化成份等四个方面,论述了曾国藩晚年对近代西方化的认识。     

二十世纪初年中国政治近代化的三个方案及其命运

二十世纪初年,中国进入了一个政治大变动的时期,实现政治近代化的课题日益迫切地摆在了面前。实现什么样的政治近代化?怎样实现政治近代化?其时,革命派的民主共和、立宪派的议会制君主立宪制和清政府的二元制君主立宪制这三个方案的矛盾斗争,构成了清末政治的主要内容。探索这三个方案的形成、内容实质以及各自的结局,有助于我们认识辛亥革命的必然性和中国实现政治近代化的艰难历程。     

二十世纪初年中国政治近代化的三个方案及其命运

二十世纪初年,中国进入了一个政治大变动的时期,实现政治近代化的课题日益迫切地摆在了面前。实现什么样的政治近代化?怎样实现政治近代化?其时,革命派的民主共和、立宪派的议会制君主立宪制和清政府的二元制君主立宪制这三个方案的矛盾斗争,构成了清末政治的主要内容。探索这三个方案的形成、内容实质以及各自的结局,有助于我们认识辛亥革命的必然性和中国实现政治近代化的艰难历程。     

从湘黔比较论贵州近代政治迟发现象

贵州的近代化是中国近代化进程中的一部分。就政治的近代化发展而言，贵州处在一个迟发展的境地，表现在三个方面：１、推进近代化的政治领导层的缺乏和变革社会的政治环境发育不 良；２、启蒙思想的传播受阻；３、近代化建设所需的人才晚出。一湖南相比尤其突出。它是贵州近代的特征，也置春近代化于两难境地。     

浅谈容闳对中国教育近代化的探索和贡献

容闳作为鸦片战争以后第一个到西方接受西学的最早的中国人之一,作为第一个留美毕业生,他的一生是为寻找中国近代化而不断探索的一生。对中国近代化的探索和贡献表现为提倡并促成中国教育的近代化、探索中国工业的近代化,探索中国近代的民主政治等三个方面,本文试图嗣绕容闳对中国教育近代化探索的具体表现和贡献作一尝试性分析。     

加尔文改革对世俗政治的建构

欧洲16世纪的宗教改革是欧洲文明史上一座具有重要意义的里程碑,对欧洲社会政治转型产生了深远的影响,其中,加尔文的宗教改革极具代表意义。加尔文宗教改革对世俗政治的建构,主要包括人的自由神圣性、政权的世俗性、经济生活自由和法律的至上性。这四个方面的建构,实现了世俗与神圣的相互统一,对欧洲社会政治世俗化转型起到了促进作用。     

Three bolognas and a pizza pie: Notes on institutionalization of the European higher education system

Quietly, without attracting too much attention from educational sociologists in Europe, a massive process has been underway for five years that is expected to revolutionize European higher education to an unprecedented extent. Launched by a number of European governments and subsequently taken over by the European Commission, the so-called Bologna Process is expected to boost European higher education to the top of the world higher education markets by 2010. This article looks at the history of the Process and its connections to the process of constructing the federal Europe, and analyses its three agendas: cultural, political and economic. In the final section the issue of institutionalizing the European higher education system is discussed and problematized. It concludes that the contribution European intellectuals have made to the project is both sociologically naive and intellectually irresponsible.     

Creating a common grammar for European higher education governance

This paper addresses the interaction between European Union policies and national higher education sectors in the countries involved in the TRUE project (England, France, Germany, Italy, The Netherlands, Norway, Portugal and Switzerland) making the case for European governance. Relevant for this matter is the role of political processes that evolve at European level shaping political discourses and practices, thus creating a common grammar for European higher education governance. By empirically focusing on evaluation and funding policies the paper argues that European governance reflects in how this common grammar is being created and reconfiguring the environment within which European higher education systems and institutions are developing.     

前苏东国家私立高等教育概述——以俄罗斯、匈牙利、波兰、捷克、罗马尼亚为个案

20世纪80年代末,在前苏东大地上,政治转型拉开了私立高等教育兴起的序幕。本文选取了五个具有代表意义的国家——俄罗斯、匈牙利、波兰、捷克、罗马尼亚,对前苏东国家的私立高等教育作一概述。不平衡发展是前苏东国家私立高等教育的显著特点,但在科类结构、层次结构、地区结构以及师资结构上,后起的私立高等教育大同小异。就发展前景而言,前苏东国家私立高等教育都面临着来自公立高等教育的挤压和人口减少的危机,而政府决策是制约私立高等教育发展的另一个重要因素。     

Bologna 2010. The Moment of Truth?

Government policies are central factors shaping the environment of higher education institutions. European governments have included in their higher education political strategies the principal goal of implementing the European Higher Education Area (EHEA). The perceptions that key actors of higher education institutions (HEIs) have about political developments are important as they may influence the achievement of government policy. The Bologna Process is at the heart of policy coordination, the instrument selected at European and national levels to establish EHEA. This article seeks to discuss empirically the views of institutional actors about the Bologna Process, taking into consideration the achievement of EHEA. The discussion is based on the analysis of the EHEA implementation in seven HEIs located in four higher education systems — Germany, Italy, Norway and Portugal. This paper draws on the theoretic-methodological approach of the policy cycle to analyse the perceptions of HEIs' constituencies about Bologna.     

Prospects for European Integration: Turkish Higher Education

The development of higher education and research constitutes a possible pathway to innovation and global competitiveness. Nation states, however, often seek the quickest adaptations, with minimum investment, ignoring essential political and structural changes. Turkey maintains its highly centralized system of higher education observing the national policies in the field. This paper addresses the international aspects of Turkish higher education, with special focus on student and academic mobility. Present day Turkish higher education system has been shaped by two dominant major events: the post‐Soviet era and the country's integration into the European Union.     

欧盟国家的比较教育研究

秉承多元一体的理念,欧盟国家的教育通过合作项目和建立高等教育区逐渐走向一体化。欧洲的比较教育开创了世界比较教育研究领域,很早就产生了一批比较教育著名学者,对世界比较教育的发展做出了巨大贡献。欧洲比较教育学会是世界比较教育学会的创建学会之一。当然,欧盟国家的比较教育在发展过程中也遇到了一些问题,但是欧盟目前这样的多元文化的社会,比较教育对于理解不同文化以及逐渐消除种族主义和排外主义可以做出更大的贡献。     

Rights,Identities and Inclusion: European action programmes as political education \[1]

Democracy and a commitment to human rights are key defining features of the European Union. Nevertheless, the inhabitants of Europe, living their local realities sometimes based in poverty and unemployment, and subject to racism, inadequate housing and high levels of crime, may not recognise that the European project is, in its intention, inclusive, since an inclusive society is far removed from their actual experience. European transnational education programmes are intended to promote a sense of involvement in European development. In 1997 the European Commission initiated a study to identify features of projects within its transnational education, training and youth programmes which contribute effectively to political education, and in particular to the development of active citizenship among participants. Projects initiated in 18 European countries, including all 15 European Union Member States, were analysed for the quality of information offered, their capacity to provide practice in democratic skills and opportunities for exploring multiple identities, and the extent to which they worked on democratic lines and enabled participants to feel involved. This article reports on the findings of this study, illustrating best practice in education for active citizenship and proposing a framework which might be applied to any programme of political education.     

Education and Social Change: A View From Europe and Latin America

This article is based on the economic, political, cultural, social, and educational changes produced as a result of globalization. We focus on the universalization of education and its importance to achieving sustainable human development while respecting the cultures and ethnic groups in a region. Within higher education in the world, we delve more deeply into the creation of the European Higher Education Area and the Latin American Higher Education Area. This work allows us to highlight the problems, challenges, and needs that education is facing worldwide.     

欧洲高等教育区建设:背景、进程与意义

建设一个开放的欧洲高等教育区成为目前欧洲各国高等教育努力的目标。本文从欧洲社会经济发展及欧洲高等教育系统等层面，分析了欧洲高等教育区建设的深刻背景，阐述了欧洲高等教育区建设的具体过程，揭示了欧洲高等教育区建设将对欧洲社会、欧洲高等教育系统产生的深远影响。     

Diversity and the political function of religious education

Questions about the relationship between religion and politics are discussed with particular focus on the consequences for religious education. Norway is taken as an example of a country where increasing cultural diversity challenges traditional politics of religion. In the present climate of conflicting views on the role of religion in politics, religious education is higher on the political agenda in many European countries, but it is unclear which path the governments choose to follow. For religious educators it is important to engage critically in the political debate about religion, and to show a basic political loyalty towards the education of the individual child and towards improving the lifeworld of children.