Grand Duchess Maria Alexandrovna of Russia (1853-1920): Daughter of Emperor Alexander II

ABSTRACT

The present article describes the life of the Grand Duchess Maria Alexandrovna of Russia (1853–1920) through the correspondence with her parents: the Emperor of Russia Alexander II, the Empress and close friends. The accent is on Grand Duchess’s life in Great Britain after her marriage in 1874 to Prince Alfred, Duke of Edinburgh (1844–1900), second son of the Queen Victoria but also about her life in the Duchies of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha after 1893 with frequent visits to her family in Russia. The letters give us important information about the Grand Duchess’s life, her children, and her social contacts with political and diplomatic circles of the period.     

Measuring risk in science

Risk plays a fundamental role in scientific discoveries, and thus it is critical that the level of risk can be systematically quantified. We propose a novel approach to measuring risk entailed in a particular mode of discovery process – knowledge recombination. The recombination of extant knowledge serves as an important route to generate new knowledge, but attempts of recombination often fail. Drawing on machine learning and natural language processing techniques, our approach converts knowledge elements in the text format into high-dimensional vector expressions and computes the probability of failing to combine a pair of knowledge elements. Testing the calculated risk indicator on survey data, we confirm that our indicator is correlated with self-assessed risk. Further, as risk and novelty have been confounded in the literature, we examine and suggest the divergence of the bibliometric novelty and risk indicators. Finally, we demonstrate that our risk indicator is negatively associated with future citation impact, suggesting that risk-taking itself may not necessarily pay off. Our approach can assist decision making of scientists and relevant parties such as policymakers, funding bodies, and R&D managers.     

移动图书馆服务质量优化模式的构建研究

[目的/意义]针对优化工作涉及因素的复杂性，构建一个合适的移动图书馆服务质量优化模式，能够有效地指导优化实践。[方法/过程]借助问卷调查，对服务质量、用户满意度和用户持续使用意愿之间的影响关系进行实证分析，发现用户与移动图书馆平台交互过程中所形成的服务质量认知和情感体验影响价值认同，进而影响用户满意度和持续使用意愿。[结果/结论]在实证分析结果基础上，构建移动图书馆服务质量优化"飞行"模式，即以需求来引领，发挥服务质量在提升用户满意度和促进用户持续使用上的主体作用，并经由培训和推广助力用户扩大服务质量认知和增强情感联结。     

基于内容分析法的企业门户主页架构研究:以IT企业为例

页面架构是企业门户网站功能实现的载体。文章采取内容分析法,对20个IT企业门户网站的版式布局、导航系统、多媒体元素的构成情况和效果进行了分析,对各个部分之间的相互关系进行了探讨,并通过对比点击率最高的几个网站的主页架构情况,归纳出实用效果较好的架构及其特征,从而提出具体的企业门户网站主页架构选择建议。     

本土文化视角下的“藏书楼”现象再探

文献典籍的收藏和管理体系作为古代中国国家制度的构成要素之一,对王朝的政治、文化等层面起到了基础性的作用。正是这些作用形式,导致文献典籍被视为物化了的文化而存在,并导致“以藏为主”模式的形成与因化。     

浅谈做好图书质检工作的三要素

图书质检工作对确保编校质量非常重要,尤其是“国家文化软实力”提出来之后,其重要性更是彰显无遗。如何不负众望地做好图书质检工作,是从业人员必须思考的问题。本文结合工作实践,对做好图书质检工作的三个要素进行了探讨。     

The Impact of Subjective Camera in Sports on Arousal and Enjoyment

Although scholars have generated much research examining enjoyment of mediated sports, much of it has failed to explore how visual production elements shape viewer response. This study examines the impact of one increasingly common technique, subjective camera, on viewer arousal and enjoyment of game play. Participants viewed multiple plays from a college football game that varied in excitatory potential as well as viewing angle. Game play viewed via subjective camera elicited a greater sense of presence in the mediated environment and elicited more frequent arousal responses compared to traditional sideline perspectives of game play. However, the impact of viewing angle on enjoyment as well as self-reported arousal was dependent upon the exciting or dull nature of game play. Invoking the dynamics of excitation transfer theory, we discuss the potential explanations for this relationship as well as its implications for sports broadcasters.     

开展优质服务活动 推进读者服务工作

文章就图书馆开展优质服务的要素进行了论述。医院图书馆在医院的医疗、科研中占据越来越重要的地位,作为图书馆人应积极主动地为临床医务人员做好服务工作。参考文献2。     

企业供应链信息一体化概念模型研究

信息作为供应链各个环节的沟通载体,对有效开发利用企业资源、促进企业之间的相互合作发挥着不可替代的作用。在界定企业供应链信息和一体化概念基础上,详细分析信息一体化层次和要素,进而归纳企业供应链信息一体化的概念模型。     

大数据环境下多媒体网络舆情传播要素及运行机理研究

[目的/意义]研究大数据环境下多媒体网络舆情信息传播要素和运行机理,为相关部门加强网络舆情信息监管提供参考。[方法/过程]以大数据技术、舆情理论、信息传播理论为基础,对大数据环境下多媒体网络舆情的特征进行分析,深入探讨大数据环境下多媒体网络舆情传播的主体、客体、媒体、本体、空间5个要素,在此基础上重点归纳总结大数据多媒体网络舆情传播机理,并构建传播机理的总体关系架构。[结果/结论]揭示多媒体技术环境下网络舆情信息传播的内在运行规律,为大数据环境下多媒体网络舆情信息传播的研究提供新视角。     

上下文在照片档案叙事中的应用

照片档案叙事在历史、文化、记忆的建构中发挥着重要的作用.上下文影响着照片档案叙事功能发挥.上下文应用于照片档案叙事具有三个层面的价值:资源发现(Where)、内容理解(What)与意义阐释(Why);通过构建上下文嵌入的知识图谱能够实现照片档案叙事元素节点化表示与应用,探索了照片档案叙事的新思路.本文以吴宝康先生照片档...     

论精品科技期刊核心竞争力的构成和提升

作为精品科技期刊当务之急是要深化对此类期刊的内涵、价值的再认识,挖掘精品科技期刊的资源价值,进一步提升其核心竞争力.人才资源、运营策略、管理体制、创新理念是构成期刊出版业核心竞争力的4个最基本的要素,这些要素的有机整合就是现代期刊出版业核心竞争力的真正内核.从这4要素出发,对精品科技期刊核心竞争力提升的切入点进行探讨.     

国家科技报告服务系统构建中相关问题的探讨

建立和完善国家科技报告服务系统是国家科技报告制度建设的重要环节之一,对整个工作体系的效能起 着关键作用。文章着重对国家科技报告服务系统的构成要素进行分析,提出实现相关方利益平衡的主要机制,针对国 家科技报告服务系统功能的设计原则、内容设计与拓展等提出建议和设想。     

幻觉中的时间--论影视时间的特点

本文主要从宏观和微观两个方面探讨有关影视时间的一系列问题.作为时空艺术,影视是用光波、声波表现相对时空的一种媒介.时间是影视中一个十分重要的因素,它既是独立的,又和影视的其他因素有着千丝万缕的关系,本文试图通过对影视时间的研究来揭示影视的一部分本质特性.     

A Fusion Approach to XML Structured Document Retrieval

In this paper we evaluate the application of data fusion or meta-search methods, combining different algorithms and XML elements, to content-oriented retrieval of XML structured data. The primary approach is the combination of a probabilistic methods using Logistic regression and the Okapi BM-25 algorithm for estimation of document relevance or XML element relevance, in conjunction with Boolean approaches for some query elements. In the evaluation we use the INEX XML test collection to examine the relative performance of individual algorithms and elements and compare these to the performance of the data fusion approaches.     

The Importance of Length Normalization for XML Retrieval

XML retrieval is a departure from standard document retrieval in which each individual XML element, ranging from italicized words or phrases to full blown articles, is a retrievable unit. The distribution of XML element lengths is unlike what we usually observe in standard document collections, prompting us to revisit the issue of document length normalization. We perform a comparative analysis of arbitrary elements versus relevant elements, and show the importance of element length as a parameter for XML retrieval. Within the language modeling framework, we investigate a range of techniques that deal with length either directly or indirectly. We observe a length-bias introduced by the amount of smoothing, and show the importance of extreme length bias for XML retrieval. We also show that simply removing shorter elements from the index (by introducing a cut-off value) does not create an appropriate element length normalization. Even after restricting the minimal size of XML elements occurring in the index, the importance of an extreme explicit length bias remains.     

Extending the role of bias in probabilistic theory revision

Theory revision is the process of making corrections to a flawed or incomplete knowledge base on the basis of examples that expose those problems. The PTR algorithm is a theory revision algorithm that makes use of explicit bias to guide the detection of flawed knowledge base elements. In this paper, we examine the effectiveness of PTR's bias scheme in identifying flawed knowledge base elements, and we propose extensions to the PTR algorithm that support the use of additional bias to guide the process of correcting a flawed element once it has been located.     

科技期刊审稿指南要素分析

同行评议是科技期刊编辑出版流程中的重要环节之一,是期刊学术质量控制的重要手段。审稿人高质量的审稿报告对作者完善稿件内容、提升稿件质量有重要促进作用。为了帮助审稿人高效、高质量地完成评审工作,科技期刊应有详尽的审稿指南,说明评审标准、审稿方法及注意事项等。本文探讨了科技期刊审稿指南的含义、作用、包含的要素,并列举了部分国内外知名高水平期刊的实例,以期为科技期刊完善审稿指南、提升审稿质量和效率提供思路。     

媒体融合背景下群审稿实施路径探索

针对目前国内科技期刊同行评议效率普遍偏低、专家数据库更新不及时等问题,结合《中国机械工程》近年的融合办刊实践,在群审稿模式下引入OSID工具包,分析该模式各要素间的逻辑关系。以该刊率先试点的2个审稿群为例,引入语音评审方式,阐述群审稿模式的几种具体实施路径,指出群审稿的实施对于专家数据库的更新及维护、青年编委的遴选等具有重要作用。简述实施群审稿所面临的若干问题。     

The development and application of a unique percentage-based allocations formula at the University of Windsor

This article summarizes the literature concerning allocation formulas and outlines the development and application of a percentage-based allocation formula as part of the monograph budget at the University of Windsor. It outlines the elements of the formula, the rationale for selecting those elements and a review of the allocation formula after the first year of implementation. Unique to our formula are two elements: we selected to use the actual book price paid and to use circulation data from the actual book funds.