The Thai Vernacular Press and the Woman Politician: Stereotypical Reporting and Innovative Response

Thai women who want to participate in politics find that one of the obstacles they face is the representation created by mass media, especially vernacular newspapers. The objective of this study is to demonstrate the conflict in the representation of a woman politician in Thailand. The study focuses on news reports relating to Khunying Sudarat Keyuraphan, currently the Minister of Agriculture and Agriculture Cooperatives of Thailand. The news reports from the two largest-circulated local newspapers in Thailand were analyzed to highlight the representation created for Sudarat, and her response strategy. The analysis showed the representational dilemma Sudarat faced to which she creatively responded yet found herself on the losing side.     

Susceptibility to Deception in a Political News Interview: Effects of Identification,Perceived Cooperativeness,and Ingroup Vulnerability

This article explores people’s susceptibility to political deception. Participants watched a news interview in which a politician either answered all the questions or deceptively evaded a question. In Study 1 (n = 202), deception is perceived through the dodge being irrelevant for voters who do not identify with the politician. In Study 2 (n = 618), partisan voters consider the politician more deceptive, and acting more deceptively, when the politician has their opposing party affiliation, independent of whether he dodges. When the politician shares their party identification, voters identify with the politician more and consider his responses more relevant. Findings are consistent with theoretical positions of identification, the cooperative principle, and social identity.     

Populist Twitter Posts in News Stories

Research in information processing suggests that the journalistic practice of embedding right-wing populist Twitter posts in news may stimulate political polarization. To test this notion, we conducted an online experiment (N?=?379). We investigated how highlighted right-wing populist statements affected individuals from different ideological stances and whether potential effects were determined by Twitter-specific characteristics (Twitter frame, profile picture). We exposed participants to two articles, each including a statement by a politician of the Austrian Freedom Party. In the first group, the statements were not highlighted (control group). In the second and third group, the statements appeared as conventional block quotes either without (G2) or with (G3) a picture of the politician. In the fourth and fifth group, the statements were highlighted as Twitter posts, again either without (G4) or with (G5) a picture of the politician. Results revealed that all highlighting conditions increased statement recognition among left-wing individuals. However, the full Twitter post condition exerted the strongest effect. Higher recognition then decreased left-wing individuals’ anti-immigrant attitudes and sympathy toward the right-wing populist candidate. Thus, embedding right-wing populists’ Twitter posts may induce disconfirmation bias among left-wing voters and trigger a process in which they strengthen their initial attitudes.     

The Effects of Darkness and Lightness Cues in the Visual Depiction of Political Actors Involved in Scandals: An Experimental Study

Reports about political scandals have increased lately. Yet the general impact of news visuals and the specific role of lightness and darkness cues in images of scandalized politicians remain unclear. With the help of an experiment, the present pilot study examined the influence of candidate images and the effects of particular image backgrounds (light versus dark). While the foreground of the image depicting a politician involved in a scandal remained unchanged, the background was systematically altered. The results revealed that a light background had a positive effect on recipients’ attitudes toward the politician. In contrast, participants exposed to a dark image background demanded a more severe punishment for the politician.     

MEDIA TONE AND PUBLIC OPINION: A LONGITUDINAL STUDY OF MEDIA COVERAGE AND PUBLIC OPINION ON CHANCELLOR KOHL

This study investigates the relationship between media coverageof Helmut Kohl in seven leading German print media and the opinionsof the German general public about the politician between 1975and 1984. For the content analysis evaluative assessments aboutHelmut Kohl on six different dimensions of characteristics werecoded. The analysis of public opinion is based on 72 representativesurveys in which respondents expressed their evaluations ofthe politician. The two time series were compared by means ofcross-lagged correlations. The whole period was first examinedwith aggregations of three-months-intervals; then closer attentionwas paid to the time period since Helmut Kohl took office aschancellor on the basis of monthly intervals. In both cases,the results show that evaluation shifts in the media precedesimilar evaluation shifts in public opinion with a time lagof about three to six months for the whole period of investigation,and a somewhat shorter time lag for the time of his chancellorship.Evaluation shifts in the political magazines Der Spiegel andStern were more closely related to public opinion than evaluationshifts in the national dailies.     

三国时期诸葛亮的法治思想评析

诸葛亮是历史上著名的政治家、军事家,他治理益州二十载,得到了人民的深厚爱戴,甚至由后主亲自下令立庙以供人们怀念。诸葛亮作为蜀汉开国丞相,有着出色的政治才能和领导能力,他带领一干官员制定了《蜀科》,作为益州的基本法律规范。他的法治思想不拘泥于传统儒家的"礼义""德治",而是吸收了先秦法家"重法"的思想,并结合益州具体实际、注重变通,创造出了一套行之有效的法律体系。     

Cronbach's Alpha Versus Components of Variance Approach (COVA): Dispelling Three Myths about Alpha and Suggesting an Alternative Reliability Statistic for Communication Trait Research

This study examined the effects of sociocultural factors and perceptions of mental illness on preferences for indirect disclosure. We surveyed 354 college students from China and the U.S. The results indicated that (a) males and members of the collectivistic culture reported more stigmatized attitudes; (b) stigma endorsement was positively associated with preferences for indirectness; and (c) males, members of the collectivistic culture, and individuals without previous interpersonal contact with someone with a mental illness were more likely to recommend an indirect disclosure strategy. The findings demonstrate the importance of considering how sociocultural factors can affect individuals’ preferences for disclosing stigmatized identities.     

章士钊言论自由观的演变——从“苏报案”到“陈独秀案”的考察

章士钊是近代中国有影响的报刊活动家,同时也是政治活动家和知名大律师。从苏报案到陈独秀案,他的言论自由观经历了从无意识到有明确理念、从强调言论自由的个人权利到重视言论自由的政治取向的发展过程。章士钊的言论自由观以自由主义理论为基础,以个人权利为核心,体现了近代报人言论自由认识的较高水平。其言论自由观的演变对于我们认识言论自由意识在近代中国的发展有重要的参考价值。     

祁寯藻刊刻书籍考略

祁藻是清代著名的政治家、学者、诗人、书法家,也是一位热衷于刊刻事业的人士。本文对五种祁藻刊刻的书籍作了考述。     

Money From Within the Library

The economist, the politician, the librarian view the question of charging for public library services from differing perspectives. The two types of service most often considered candidates for fees are interlibrary loan and the use of online bibliographic data bases. Decisions on whether or not to charge for services cannot be made soley on the basis of any one perspective.     

Gay On-Screen: The Relationship Between Exposure to Gay Characters on Television and Heterosexual Audiences' Endorsement of Gay Equality

The current study, grounded in the parasocial contact hypothesis, employed a survey of emerging adults to investigate the relationship between exposure to gay characters on television and heterosexuals' endorsement of gay equality. A positive relationship existed between exposure to on-screen gay characters and gay equality endorsement. The relationship was stronger for racial minority participants than for White participants, and for participants who had no or few interpersonal relationships with openly gay individuals than for participants who had more than three respective relationships. Results are discussed in terms of the parasocial contact hypothesis and television as an agent of social change.     

松本君平其人其事

国内新闻史学界对松本君平的研究主要集中在他的《新闻学》一书的翻译出版对于中国新闻理论的影响,而对其生平还未进行过深入研究。松本君平是集记者、学者、政治家、外交家和宗教家于一身的历史人物,其学在美欧,而业在东亚。作为学者,其学术特长并不在新闻学,而在于政治经济学。     

Books received

A self-administered survey of 202 African American respondents examined the relationship among Black images in the media, perceived public perception of the in-group, and endorsement of affirmative action. Based on the literature on coping and group threats stemming from social identity, the study hypothesized that perceived negative Black images predicted coping responses among Black respondents. Negative evaluation of Black media images predicted perceived lower level of public perceptions of Blacks, which was in turn related to greater endorsement of affirmative action. The possible role of minority media portrayals in our racial environment was also discussed.     

知识自由之哲学理念在图书馆的实践——托马斯·杰斐逊对美国图书馆事业的贡献

作为哲学家和政治家的托马斯·杰斐逊不仅将“知识自由”哲学观点应用于图书馆事业的发展实践中,而且从理论和实践上拓展了图书馆的功能:传播知识、实施教育。他的图书馆领导体制创新、“广泛论”购书理念、“知识民主”哲学理念对美国图书馆事业的建设和发展产生深远的影响。     

The Relationship Between Exposure to Sexual Music Videos and Young Adults' Sexual Attitudes

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between exposure to sexual music videos and young people's sexual attitudes (i.e., premarital sexual permissiveness and endorsement of the sexual double standard). Items gauging exposure to 75 music videos ranging in sexual explicitness were used to measure sexual video viewing among a sample of 266 undergraduate students. As expected, exposure to more sexually explicit music videos was associated with more permissive attitudes toward premarital sex and stronger endorsement of the sexual double standard, regardless of gender, overall television viewing, and previous sexual experience. Implications of these findings and suggestions for future research are discussed.     

Selection of journals for Index Medicus: a historical review

From the inception of the first Index Medicus, published in 1879, to the present, the National Library of Medicine has been concerned with the quality of journals in the Index. The Library has, therefore, sought advice repeatedly on how best to maintain currency of the Index without sacrificing quality and subject matter balance.Responding to suggestions, the Library decided in June 1964 to base its selection of journals on recommendations made by a panel consisting primarily of extramural consultants widely regarded as specialists in the totality of biomedical literature. Beginning with its first meeting in September 1964, this panel has been fortified in its reviews by advice from subject matter specialists. The panel, by its own wishes, which bear the endorsement of the Board of Regents of the Library, will continue to rely heavily on such expert advice in future evaluations of journals.     

梁启超与卡耐基对图书馆发展的贡献

梁启超先生是近代中国著名的资产阶级思想家、政治家、学者和藏书家,戊戌维新运动的中坚分子,是最早介绍西方资本主义文化教育,并提出改革近代中国文化教育的实践者之一,也是近代中国图书馆界一代先导其对中国近代图书馆事业的贡献彪炳千秋。文章重点论述了梁先生1903年访美过程中对美国近代图书馆的认知以及安德鲁.卡耐基兴建图书馆的善举对梁启超先生的影响。     

Changing the face of reference: adapting biomedical and health information services for the classroom, clinic, and beyond

This article describes how the reference department at a large academic health sciences library evolved to address the clinical and research information needs of the parent organization without losing its close connections to the classroom and curriculum. Closing the reference desk, moving to on-call and house call models, designing positions such as clinical research librarian and basic biomedical sciences librarian, finding alternative funding to grow the department, providing technology and training to facilitate librarians' work, and developing programming for and taking advice from library clients facilitated efforts to create a relevant presence and solidify the library's place in the university community.     

Some values to the broadcaster of election campaign broadcasting

A great deal has been said about the value of political broadcasting to the public and to the politician. However, very little has been written about its effect upon the broadcaster. The following study was performed in an effort to arrive at some understanding of what monetary, public relations, and other values election campaign broadcasts have to the broadcast station manager or licensee.