The Power of “Open”

ABSTRACT

In a vision session at the 31st NASIG Annual Conference, Heather Joseph provided an assessment of the Open Access movement addressing how far it has come since its inception, how well it has met its original goals, what has and has not worked well, and what is not happening at all. She talked about the importance of open (in all senses—open access, open education, and open data) as a public good, and shared feedback from a recent strategic review of the Scholarly Publishing and Academic Resources Coalition and the Open Access movement. Joseph also explored the implications of using open as an enabling strategy for researchers, scholarly publishers, policymakers, and the larger academic community, and emphasized the importance of deliberately considering what outcomes open can help each community achieve—rather than thinking about open as an end to itself.     

Sorting out the ethics of propaganda

“Social movement”; is a set of meanings and not an objective phenomenon. We therefore require explanations of “movement”; in rhetoric, not explanations of persuasion in allegedly discrete and objective situations.     

Librarianship in six Southwest Asian countries

Abstract

Library education in Jordan falls into three categories: professional, at the post-graduate level, subprofessional, at the community colleges level, and in-service training. The primary institution concerned with in-service training is JLA. Detailed accounts of programmes, syllabus, curriculum and course contents offered at all levels are given. The historical account of the library movement in Jordan indicates that Jordan’s libraries are in transition from traditional to advanced library and information functions and practice. Continuous course evaluations and assessments resulted in the development of curricula endeavouring to advance trends in library and information science. Thus, more libraries are implementing computer systems. The post-graduate curriculum introduces courses on advanced topics in information science and technology besides library automation. JLA is shifting its emphasis towards specialized courses on computerization and library software packages such as CDS/ISIS. Community colleges’ library education has also changed to include advanced topics.

Statistical analysis of students and trainees at all levels is given. The impact of information technology on several library aspects and information services is highlighted to disclose what should be incorporated into the new library education curricula to equip the future generation of library and information professionals to practise the profession in Jordan.     

Reconstructing or Deconstructing Labor Archives? Shaping Labor Collection Development in an Uncertain Future

ABSTRACT

Labor archival programs confront numerous challenges to remain viable in a changing academic environment and institutional culture. The marketing of higher education, the anti-union stance of some university administrations, and the transition of labor studies programs create a less-than-benign environment for labor collection development activities. Labor collection development hinges upon the labor archivist's ability to mediate the often-divergent interests of the academic and labor communities. Contraction of the labor movement and union restructuring also have important repercussions for future labor collections development. This article examines these issues from the perspective of the historical development of Penn State University's labor archives program–focusing on the institutional pressures inherent in serving both academe and labor unions, and prospects for labor collection development in an uncertain future.     

Internet Filters

ABSTRACT

As technology continues to influence the way we do business, change has been and will continue to be inevitable. All around us, we see the Internet playing a major role in our lives from the way we pay bills and do banking to the way we buy stock, shop as consumers, and obtain an education. You can't escape it, and librarians long ago realized this truth. To wit library services have evolved to accommodate the informational needs demanded by this ever-expanding industry. This evolution of library services can be seen, for example, in the way we promote and provide reference, circulation, and reserves services with inroads even into technical or resource services. With distance education libraries are positioning themselves to be major players in this phenomenon at all levels: local, national, and international. One library service that is beginning to proceed into the distance-learning arena is interlibrary loan/document delivery. Interlibrary Loan, a traditional library service for local users, whether provided by an academic, public, or special library is finding itself in the distance education movement. To explore this, the focus of this article is to examine the ways in which interlibrary loan impacts and supports distance education through technology and services.     

Animal Rights and Animal Welfare: Historical Resources

SUMMARY

Although literature of the animal rights movement can be traced back to ancient philosophers, the animal rights movement as we know it today has a relatively brief history. This article identifies some of the key works in recent literature in the history of animal rights. Included are reviews intended to aid librarians in selecting titles in animal rights and animal welfare history. Works are divided into two categories: bibliographies and general historical works.     

The National Library of Aruba goes Green! A Chronology and History

ABSTRACT

The National Library of Aruba has become a leader and advocate for sustainable education since 2012. There was a gap for sustainable education for the secondary schools and higher education in Aruba, and the Green Education Symposium, which has become Sustainable Education Symposium since 2018, is nowadays a national and an international model for other educational institutions to follow across the world.     

Feminists of faith: Sonia Johnson and the Mormons for ERA

The Mormons for ERA is analyzed in this essay as an innovational movement. In this way, Sonia Johnson's appeals to mainstream Mormons before her excommunication can he understood as reformist discourse which became radicalized only in a second stage.     

Rigor and reproducibility instruction in academic medical libraries

Background:Concerns over scientific reproducibility have grown in recent years, leading the National Institutes of Health (NIH) to require researchers to address these issues in research grant applications. Starting in 2020, training grants were required to provide a plan for educating trainees in rigor and reproducibility. Academic medical centers have responded with different solutions to fill this educational need. As experienced instructors with expertise in topics relating to reproducibility, librarians can play a prominent role in providing trainings, classes, and events to educate investigators and trainees, and bolstering reproducibility in their communities.Case Presentations:This special report summarizes efforts at five institutions to provide education in reproducibility to biomedical and life sciences researchers. Our goal is to expand awareness of the range of approaches in providing reproducibility services in libraries.Conclusions:Reproducibility education by medical librarians can take many forms. These specific programs in reproducibility education build upon libraries'' existing collaborations, with funder mandates providing a major impetus. Collaborator needs shaped the exact type of educational or other reproducibility support and combined with each library''s strengths to yield a diversity of offerings based on capacity and interest. As demand for and complexity of reproducibility education increases due to new institutional and funder mandates, reproducibility education will merit special attention.     

#MeToo as networked collective: examining consciousness-raising on wild public networks

ABSTRACT

In 2017, the #MeToo movement swept across social media, making the pervasiveness of sexual assault visible to millions. People shared hashtags and stories often only told in intimate settings on a variety of platforms, exposing this issue to the multitudes. At its core, the #MeToo movement was a consciousness-raising effort, but it was occurring in a new mediascape that dramatically altered its spread, force, and impact. This paper examines #MeToo as it unfolded across wild public networks and, in doing so, resisted contemporary image practices, transformed the rhetor into what we term a rhizomatically networked collective, and expanded audiences.     

The rhetoric of farmer‐labor agitators

To forge a dynamic protest movement requires the rhetorical efforts of aggressive agitators who capitalize on feelings of frustration and discontentment. Beginning in 1915 Midwestern farmers and laborers were effectively united for political action by organizers who assiduously practiced the oratory of attack.     

Material-Mind-Method: On the Teaching of Reference Incorporating Feminist Pedagogies in Reference Education

ABSTRACT

Reference education instruction is compatible with the theories and praxis of feminism. This column features key concepts in feminist theories and provides examples of how current education for future reference librarians illustrates and encompasses these theories.     

A palmar sweat investigation of the effect of audience variation upon stage fright

The Industrial ("Coxey") Army movement of 1894 was the product of one of America's worst depressions. Groups across the nation attempted to take “A petition with boots on” to Washington, D. C. asking for relief of unemployment. The movement was rhetorical in method and object. As it progressed, it attempted to meet opposition arguments that its members were “tramps” and that it was asking for the impossible: guaranteed employment. Branded as radical, it answered its opponents with diverse rhetorical techniques and arguments rooted in the prevalent value system.     

Making the “minority” voice heard: Critical communication pedagogy and dissent

ABSTRACT

Courses: Intercultural Communication, Argumentation and Advocacy, Communication and Education

Objectives: This activity is designed to help students to problem-pose and think critically about policies/laws that influence education. Students will be exposed to U.S. policy and will be able to articulate a critical dissent of such documents.     

“Shalom Achshav”—Rituals of the Israeli peace movement

Rhetorical critics have ignored the study of non‐western movements and have not paid serious attention to the construction of theories which help to explain and interpret the rhetorical form of movements. This study attempts to fill both voids by synthesizing concepts from rhetorical theory and anthropology to explain the linguistic process which made up the Israeli peace movement. An assessment of the rhetorical strategies, a listing of the indirect consequences of the movement, and the implications of the study to the development of rhetorical theory is provided to complete the critical act.     

What the Twenty-First Century Engaged Journalism can Learn from the Twentieth Century Public Journalism

ABSTRACT

Engaged journalism emerging today bears a striking resemblance to the public journalism movement of the twentieth century in the United States. They have similar values and spirits, believing that journalists should connect more with local communities and help create public conversation. They also share similar techniques. While generally considered a failed movement, public journalism may provide important lessons for the future of engaged journalism. Analyzing public journalism in the three major domains of journalism studies – normative, democratic, and commercial – this essay discusses how engaged journalism can learn from the missteps of its predecessor.     

PART IX: THE LIMITS OF MARKETPLACE SOLUTIONS AND THE NEED FOR COLLABORATION

Abstract

As distance education (DE) and its support needs proliferate, schools of library and information science (LIS) need to address the education of librarians for the provision of DE services. This paper discusses current efforts of LIS programs in this regard, difficulties of establishing curricular units in this area, and steps the profession can take to ensure that education for DE services becomes an integral part of all LIS curricula.     

Providing Library Services to Distance Education Students

Abstract

This article documents the development of library services to distance education students in conjunction with the growth of online distance education courses at the University of Scranton. Personal computers and the development of the Internet have had a significant impact on the delivery of library services to patrons and have given academic libraries the ability to provide distance education students with library services and resources equivalent to those provided for campus students.     

A new multi-purpose clamping table for the treatment of paintings on wood

Abstract

A new clamping table designed by the author for the treatment of paintings on wood is described. The table is capable of side, overhead and underneath clamping simultaneously, with an overall opening movement to allow one half of the panel to be moved away from the other half for final glueing.     

MOOCs in the Malaysian higher education institutions: The instructors’ perspectives

ABSTRACT

Massive open online courses (MOOC) are considered a modern e-learning technology that was initiated by the Malaysian higher education in 2015. The current literature on MOOCs, covering research relating to its effectiveness to accommodate different students’ abilities showed conflicting results in this regard. With limited studies on MOOCs’ effectiveness in Malaysian higher education, this study explored current opportunities, challenges, and solutions of using MOOC in the Malaysian higher education institutions. Instructors from various teaching backgrounds were interviewed to respond to these concerns. The study found that the major challenges faced by instructors when using MOOC were redundancy, lack of facilities and exposure, incompetent knowledge in MOOC course design and development, and insufficient leadership and capacity-building programmes. Therefore, possible solutions to these challenges were identified and discussed. These findings can help the policy makers explore strategies for the future development, implementation and success of MOOC in the context of higher education in Malaysia.

Abbreviations: MOOC: Massive Open Online Courses; cMOOC: Connectivist Massive Open Online Courses; xMOOC: eXtended Massive Open Online Courses; ahMOOC: adaptive hybrid Massive Open Online Courses; LMS: Learning Management System; MQA: Malaysian Qualifications Agency; STEM: Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics