Connecting Interpersonal and Mass Communication: Science News Exposure,Perceived Ability to Understand Science,and Conversation

We present experimental data (n?=?667) supporting three hypotheses that link science news, perceptions about science, and talk with other people. Regular television news viewers were recruited from a midsize Designated Market Area using random digit dialing, and were randomly assigned to one of three science news exposure conditions. As hypothesized, science television news exposure appears to boost perceived ability to understand science. We also find that perceived ability to understand science, in turn, predicts conversations about science. We note connections to literature on the role of talk in mass communication effects and encourage future work in this vein.     

文化、权力与多元性:关于媒介批评学科体系建设的思考

随着大众传媒与社会生活的关系日益紧密,旨在为观察、分析、阐释错综复杂的媒介现象提供理论与方法的传播学分支学科——媒介批评——的重要性正日益凸显。然而,目前我国的媒介批评学科体系中存在着包罗万象、还原主义和重理论轻实践的三种倾向,制约着媒介批评学科的发展。本文认为,媒介批评学科体系的建构需在文化、权力分配与多元性的框架内展开,赋予该学科以真正的批评力量,切实推动社会变迁。     

Predictors and Consequences of Conversations About Health Promoting Media Messages

Female college students (N=104) in friendship dyads were exposed to radio advertisements promoting the HPV vaccine—narrative or advocacy in format—after which they completed a questionnaire. Half the dyads were instructed to engage in a conversation about the advertisement prior to completing the questionnaire. Analyses showed that interpersonal discussion was related to normative perceptions, attitudes and intentions regarding the vaccine, but only under certain conditions. Conversation partner, conversation valence and positive opinion sharing were related to those outcomes. In a follow-up questionnaire, participants who discussed the ad in the days after exposure reported more positive intention change. Participants with stronger emotional reactions to the ads were more likely to discuss them during this period.     

电子媒体时代的科学传播

由于媒体不再是表面上的传播工具,因此媒体的变革也在推进着科学传播进程,媒体研究正在成为科学传播研究的一个热点。在当今的电子媒体时代,每一项进步和变革都会给科学传播的环境和行为带来巨大影响,同时电子媒体也为科学传播带来了发展机遇和严峻挑战。因此,应发挥电子媒体正向传播效应,大兴网络文明之风,完善网络法规体系和发展专业电子媒体。     

Considering organizations as a unique interpersonal context for deception detection: A meta‐analytic review

This article challenges current interpersonal deception literature by summarizing seven studies that examined the ability of members to detect deception in the context of organizational processes. The combined effect (r = .472) indicated that organizational members are able to differentiate honest from dishonest communicators. According to the Binomial Effect Size Display, observers correctly classified honest or dishonest communication in approximately three of four circumstances (73.6%). This finding is important for situations such as employment interviews or other circumstances when organizational members or constituents need to assess the accuracy of information provided by current or potential members. The theoretical implications for interpersonal and organizational deception research are discussed along with the practical ramifications of this study for employment interviewing, manager/employee communication, and retail sales.     

大众媒体俯视效应及对策

本文讨论的是传媒的“俯视效应”。传媒人员的收入、学历、社会阅历等等总体上远高于受众的平均水平,这使得媒体在新闻选择、关注焦点、谈论话题上处于俯视状态,从而产生一种“俯视效应”。     

试论新旧媒介的划界

现在传播学界在提到“新媒介”时一般指的是互联网,但是由于新媒介越来越多并且在传播上相互依赖的程度越来越高,以网络指代新媒介已无法清晰地体现出现代传播与传统传播的真正区别。笔者主张突出“数字化,”并以其作为新旧传播形态的分界。     

大众传媒在德国

作者基于对德国大众传播的深入考察 ,从体制定位、市场性操作等角度论述了德国大众传媒运作的一整套体系———社会共识、法律定制及新闻自由等 ,说明了德国大众传媒运作不仅受到法律保护 ,而且成为德国文化产业中一个强大支柱。作者还就德国政府对该行业的高度重视及由此建立起来的产业化运作机制等方面 ,为我们提出了启发性思考     

WARNING—The Existing Media System May Be Toxic to Your Health: Health Communication and the Politics of Media Reform

Our physical health depends, at least in part, upon the health of our media environment. Unfortunately, the commercial media system produces countless messages that not only misinform Americans about their health but also actively promote unhealthy behaviors. Rather than taking the existing media system as a given, this commentary argues that health communication scholars should work with media reformers to transform the media system in ways that advance public health goals. In particular, the ongoing regulatory struggle over low-power radio provides an important opportunity for health communication scholars and media reformers to join forces.     

“He was Framed!” Framing Criminal Behavior in Sports News

An experiment examined the effects of newspaper articles about an athlete involved in a crime on perceptions of athletes. News articles were varied by framing the athlete's activities in an accusatory versus defensive manner, and framing the athlete as physically versus mentally skilled. An accusatory frame resulted in more criminally culpable perceptions of the athlete. Frame did not influence perceptions of the athlete's race, and perceptions of the athlete as Black did not increase perceived culpability. Additional findings show that framing does influence more general perceptions of athletes. Discussion focuses on media framing, attitudes toward athletes, and college students' socially desirable responses concerning race.     

Measuring Online Communication Attitude: Instrument Development and Validation

This paper reports a series of studies that develop an empirically-derived instrument for assessing online communication attitude, a multidimensional set of individual cognitive-affective constructs that influence media choice. The first study inductively develops an initial item pool and tests dimensional structure via exploratory factor analysis. The second study further refines this structure and also tests the association between online communication attitude and media use in same-sex friendships. Finally, the third study deductively tests global model fit via confirmatory factor analysis, and establishes concurrent validity with theoretically related communication constructs. Beyond identifying motives underlying media choice, the instrument developed here possesses heuristic potential for clarifying media choice theory and elaborating the association between communication competence and media choice.