Decentralization of higher education and its implications for educational autonomy in Taiwan

This article primarily aims to investigate the effects of decentralization on educational autonomy in Taiwan through historical and documentary analysis. To draw an analytical framework, it begins with a brief examination of the concept of autonomy. This is followed by an examination of how decentralization has influenced the state-institution-individual relationship in Taiwan's higher education by using a three-level hierarchical model. After analyzing decentralization as empowering practices, it argues that the emergence of a performativity culture has generated an antinomy of the decentralization reforms, in which decentralization has formed a new ecology of education administration in Taiwan on the one hand, and simultaneously has brought the issue of bureaucratization in education on the other.     

The relationship of institutional size and complexity to faculty autonomy: A reconsideration and caution

Recent review and criticism of the role of size as a variable in the study of organizations prompts a reconsideration of the casual role attributed to size in the study of colleges and universities. Literature relating institutional size to faculty autonomy is reviewed and critiqued. Secondary analyses using multiple regression techniques are conducted on data from the Stanford Project on Academic Governance. Results show that the causal role of size in the determination of faculty autonomy in colleges and universities is modest, when other variables are controlled. Methodological difficulties in the study of size in colleges and universities are discussed.     

台湾龙华科技大学师资队伍建设及其启示

台湾龙华科技大学的师资队伍建设具有对聘任新教师实行三级审查,实行科学合理、全方位的考核制度,鼓励教师积极投入科研、产学合作与国际竞赛,合理安排教学任务,注重企业兼职教师引进与管理,以人为本进行师资培养,鼓励教师兼任行政工作等特点。龙华科技大学在师资管理与培养方面的经验和做法值得大陆高职院校学习与借鉴。     

Service-Learning and Experiential Learning in Criminal Justice Education: An Exploratory Examination of Faculty Perspectives

Scholarship on service-learning and experiential learning consistently demonstrates benefits for students, but little evidence has emerged examining the perspectives of faculty. The current study examines the conflicting perspectives from faculty affiliated with a university undergraduate criminology major that utilizes both experiential learning and service-learning. Focus groups of departmental faculty revealed fears over curriculum rigor, concerns over forming partnerships and investing resources into service-learning and experiential learning activities without university incentives, and recognition of student and department benefits derived from service-learning and experiential learning activities.     

Improving Campus Climate to Support Faculty Diversity and Retention: A Pilot Program for New Faculty

We report on a series of pilot programs that we developed and carried out to support the success and satisfaction of new faculty, particularly faculty of color. We hope that others committed to retaining and supporting underrepresented faculty can apply our learning from this pilot project, as a whole or in part.Fred P. Piercy, Ph.D. (University of Florida), M.Ed. (University of South Carolina), B.A. (Wake Forest University) is the Department Head of the Department of Human Development at Virginia Tech. His professional interests include family therapy education, HIV social science research and prevention, and family intervention for adolescent drug abusers. Valerie Giddings, Ph.D., M.S. (Virginia Tech), B.S. (Bennett College) is the Associate Vice Chancellor for Lifelong Learning at Winston-Salem State University. Her professional interests include anthropometry and apparel fit, cultural aesthetics for apparel, and diversity issues in higher education. Katherine R. Allen, Ph.D., M.A. (Syracuse University), B.S. (University of Connecticut) is a Professor in Human Development at Virginia Tech. Her interests include family diversity over the life course, adult sibling ties in transition, and persistence of women and minorities in IT majors. Benjamin Dixon, Ed.D. (University of Massachusetts), M.A.T. (Harvard University), B.Mus.Ed. (Howard University) is the Vice President for Multicultural Affairs at Virginia Tech. His interests include diversity, multicultural education, ethical pluralism, and equity and inclusion issues related to organizational management and development. Peggy S. Meszaros, Ph.D. (University of Maryland), M.S. (University of Kentucky), B.S. (Austin Peay State University) is the William E. Lavery Professor of Human Development and the Director of the Center for Information Technology Impacts on Children, Youth, and Families at Virginia Tech. Her interests include positive youth development, leadership issues, female career transitions, and mother/daughter communication. Karen Joest, Ph.D. (Virginia Tech), M.S. (Chaminade University), B.S. (Indiana State University) is an Assistant Professor of Child and Family Studies at the State University of New York, College at Oneonta. Her interests include adolescents exposed to domestic violence, use of qualitative research, and use of technology and feminist pedagogy     

论高等学校院系级教学的改革与发展

高等学校的教学改革与发展虽然被高等教育的教学理论研究和实践所重视,但作为高等学校教学主体和实体的院系级的教学改革与发展却往往被忽视。高等学校院系级教学的改革与发展,涉及理念、学科、专业、课程、教学活动等领域,必须系统思考,整体设计和全面推进,才能全面提高教学质量。     

Peer Coaching: Professional Development for Experienced Faculty

The professoriate, as a whole, is growing older and more experienced; yet institutions often overlook the professional development needs of mid-career and senior faculty. This article, based on a review of the literature and the development of a peer coaching project, examines peer coaching as a professional development opportunity for experienced faculty that meets many of their immediate needs and offers a variety of longer-term benefits to their institution. Six recommendations for creating a peer coaching program emerge from the literature and the authors’ experience.

法国高等教育管理体制变革中的教师学术职业

法国作为中央集权管理体制的典型代表,正经历着高等教育分权的变革。大学自治对教师职业存在的重要影响,在学术责任、聘任与晋升制度、质量评估等方面,表现为教师流动性低、教学与研究结合困难、评估缺乏激励性、学术职业前景黯淡等。增强大学的自主性、改革僵化的管理体制是解决学术职业发展中的矛盾的重要前提。     

日本大学教授会自治的形成与演变

日本的大学由设置者负责管理,国立大学的管理由文部省负责,但其教学、科研及人事等实际均由各大学自行管理。国立大学内部的管理运营制度是学部教授会自治,其传统形成于二战前,在二战后的民主教育体制下得以制度化,历经20世纪70年代“新构想大学”管理体制改革的冲击,在本世纪初开始实施的国立大学法人化改革中又面临着前所未有的境遇。     

Faculty behavior in low-paradigm versus high-paradigm disciplines: A case study

The notion of academic disciplines being characterized as high- or low-paradigm technologies was developed by Lodahl and Gordon from Kuhn's concept of a paradigm. Using this concept, the voting pattern of high-paradigm faculty (chemistry, physics, mathematics, and engineering) was compared to low-paradigm faculty (sociology, political science, history, and education) concerning a controversial campus issue to liberalize curriculum choices for students. It was found that high-paradigm faculty were not willing to grant students more latitude to select courses for degree requirements, while low-paradigm faculty members were in favor of giving students more latitude to select academic courses for degree requirements. The unique aspect of this study is that faculty behavior, as described in an actual case study, corresponds to theoretical positions supported by questionnaire data.     

高等学校教师队伍建设问题探讨

文章通过分析高校教师队伍的现状和存在的问题,认为在提高教师学历水平的同时,应注重教师的工作能力的培养;而稳定现有人才是高校引进人才的基础;提高非教师人员的管理服务水平是保障教学科研工作顺利进行的前提;教师不仅要更新知识,紧跟学科前沿,而且要学会运用现代化的教育教学技术     

大学教师发展：教学学术的新视角

数以万计的大学教师发展问题亟待解决,这也是当前提高高等教育质量和建设高等教育强国面临的艰巨任务。引入教学学术理论,从教学学术的视角研究大学教师发展将具有重要意义。教育者、研究者和学习者角色的统一融合体就应该是大学教师最核心和最重要的角色,这样的角色定位有利于大学教师的发展。好的教学还应意味着,教师既是学者又是学生,因此应该加强教师与学生之间的交流,形成一个师生学习共同体。教师与教师之间的学习共同体和教师与学生之间的学习共同体都可以促进大学教师的发展,大学教师的发展也都需要这些学习共同体的熏陶和培养。每位教师都必须坚持忠诚的最高标准,既要重视教师职业道德修养也要加强学术道德修养。     

分析化学课堂教学中的创新教育

总结了在分析化学课堂教学中进行创新教育的几点经验,并进行了具体的阐述和实例分析。     

Faculty self-actualization: Factors affecting career success

This study determined the degree of relationship between four personal factors related to faculty growth and development, two environmental indices, and career success and satisfaction. Maslow's notion of self-actualization guided the construction of the personal indices of self-democraticness, support, tolerance, and trust; McGregor and Likert provided the theoretical bases for the environmental indices. The data came from the American Council on Education—Carnegie Commission national survey. Selecting only faculty at the rank of assistant professor and higher who were teaching in arts and science departments produced anN of 7,534. Trust was the only personal variable significantly and consistently related to success and satisfaction, but even it had low contingency coefficients. Control of the work environment was the best predictor of the outcome variables and produced CC=0.41 under certain conditions. While not a causal study, the findings nonetheless suggest that factors which can be more easily changed (environmental in contrast to personal) can positively affect faculty growth and development. Implications for administrators follow.     

Searching for Educational Technology Faculty

Since educational technology has become an integral component in teacher education programs, an analysis was conducted of educational technology positions listed in The Chronicle of Higher Education. Weekly job listings were coded from August, 2000 through July, 2001. Over this time period, 70 positions were advertised. Results found that the majority of the positions were tenure track and tended to be at nonresearch/doctoral granting institutions. These positions were typically for a generalist rather than a specialist.     

浅谈刘铭传在台湾建设中的创新

刘铭传在台湾建设中做出了不可磨灭的贡献,他推行的多项政策都极富特色和创新性,超过了同期大陆的洋务运动。文章试对刘铭传在台湾开发建设中重视商务、独创邮电、利用外资和外国技术、利用侨资、建设台湾近代交通体系等方面的创新加以论述。     

A Model Program from the Perspective of Faculty Development

This article offers the Lynchburg College Symposium Readings (LCSR) Program as a model for faculty development. The program encourages faculty collaboration, innovative classroom practices, and service as well as new areas of faculty scholarship. Methods for assessing faculty work within the context of the goals of the program and the institution are described. Throughout the history of the program an emphasis has been placed on continuous faculty development in the belief that keeping faculty vital ensures quality teaching and scholarship.     

大学教师成为教学学术型教师之路径探讨

大学教师成为教学学术型教师的路径主要源自大学、大学管理者和大学教师自己,具体包括：大学、大学管理者和大学教师自己要认识与重视大学教学学术,学校要对教师开展职前和在职教学培训,大学教师要学习教学、进行教学实践、反思教学以及研究教学。     

Online Communities of Practice: A Catalyst for Faculty Development

This article addresses the concept of communities of practice and how it has come of age for the professional development of professors as teachers. Thanks to current technological options, faculty developers can enhance the opportunity for the entire faculty to learn through the use of online communities. Designing a faculty development portal using community of practice concepts can be an effective means to jump-start, facilitate, develop, and sustain faculty involvement in academic communities.     

大学教师:大学文化的守护者

大学教师是大学文化传承与发展的守护者。大学教师不同的大学精神选择对大学文化的守护和传承产生不同的影响和作用,以知识为志业的知识人抉择守护着大学文化,以政治为志业的政治人抉择偏离了大学文化,徘徊于知识人与政治人之间的冲突性角色知觉到了大学的本真文化精神。为守护大学文化,大学教师应该回归本位,实现知识人与政治人角色的整合性认同。