克服职业倦怠:教师教学的内部回报与校本教研

教师职业倦怠不利于教师发展,相对于教学的外部回报,其内部回报更有利于克服教师的职业倦怠。要增加教师教学的内部回报,必须克服教师发展过程中理论与实践脱节的两种障碍。校本教研以问题为中心,以合作、反思为动力,有效提高教师教学的内部回报,促进教师发展,减少教师职业倦怠。     

大学师生奖惩态度的系列研究--考试成功归因对奖励态度的影响

本研究在韦纳三维归因理论的基础上，自编问卷，调查并比较了大学生与教师在考试成功领域内的一系列奖励态度。研究结果显示：①自编问卷具有良好的信度（0.44-0.73）和效度，调查结果稳定可靠。②大学师生对持的相同奖励态度是：对内部、可控、稳定的因素（如持久努力）导致的考试成功应该给予奖励；对内部、可控、不稳定（如一时努力）或外部、可控、不稳定（如他人帮助）的因素导致的可支奖励；对外半、不可控、稳定（如任务容易）的因素导致的可以不奖励；对外部、不可控、不稳定的因素（如运气）导致的不应该奖励。③对外部，可控的因素（如他人帮助）导致的考试成功，教师比大学生更倾向于给予奖励。④对外部、不可控、不稳定的因素（如运气）导致的考试成功，女教师比男教师更倾向于不给予奖励。     

论基于教师改变的校本教研

如何确立中小学教师在校本教研中的主体性,是校本教研应当思考和回答的基本问题.从历史分析来看,校本教研源于行动研究,具有主体性、合作性和实践性特点.建立基于教师改变的校本教研是本文的基本观点.基于教师改变的校本教研是指以中小学教师为主体,着眼教师真确性改变,在学校情境影响下形成学习共同体的一种教师研究.可以从实践层面、组织层面和制度层面展开对基于教师改变的校本教研的分析框架.     

写作教学研究亟待开拓的领域

从四个方面阐述了写作教学亟待开拓的领域:一是要建设可操作性的理论体系;二要建构科学的检测体系;三要建立现代化教学技术体系;四要建设以训练为中心的教材体系。     

教师教学研究方式的选择——中小学教师专业发展的路径之一

教师教学研究方式应改变过去模仿专业教学理论工作者的研究方法,而应以叙事体验成长,以案例诠释理念,以行动解读案例,让经验回归课堂形成教学理性。     

产学研结合 基于焊接专业教学改革实训设备的研发

在焊接专业教改教学中,遵循理实一体化的教学理念,将＂产学研结合＂发挥到极致,利用现代科技手段,在整个焊接专业教学中巧妙地应用了配套研发的＂数控平面凸轮廓焊床＂实训设备,将实训设备产品化,并积极探索将企业产品引入教学,完成整个焊接专业不同教学领域的教学实训任务的具有职业教育特色的新型教学方法,将产、学、研有效结合,力求提高焊接专业的课堂教学质量。     

“目标教学”在公体排球教学中的实验研究

目前我国普通高校公共体育大都开设有排球课,从高校排球运动的开展情况来看,其形式并不乐观,影响排球运动水平及普及率的因素是多方面的：排球运动的高度技巧性、严密的集体性和隔网对抗性等的自身特点,以及受大学生自身条件及体育能力的制约,一定程度上影响着排球的普及与发展。本文通过在普通高校公体排球教学中运用“目标教学”理论,在继承和吸收国内外同行宝贵经验的基础上,结合高校公体排球教学的实际,总结出一种相对更加生动、系统、科学有效的排球运动教学模式,以此来推动排球运动在高校的普及与发展,使之成为大学生终身体育健身的项目之一。同时,也为高校排球教师在教学上提供一些借鉴与参考。     

The diversity of university disciplinary profiles in research and teaching

Is the ideal of a one-size-fits-all university model—where universities are capable of successfully performing all competencies simultaneously—ever achievable? Has the balance between teaching and research activities grown even more fragile or is such a balance unfeasible? In this paper, we review studies of institutional diversity in higher education and bibliometric analyses. We prose a two-dimensional typology based on diversity in teaching and research by scientific fields. We investigate the diversity in teaching and research, respectively, at the disciplinary level and address whether these primary activities mirror each other. As a measure of mismatch between the two activities, we assess the distribution of students and publications by scientific fields through a clustering analysis. Our study of higher education institutions (HEIs) in Russia reveals that private universities are less diverse both in research and teaching and have high teaching intensity compared to state universities. Expectedly, universities in the rankings have more diverse profiles and they have a higher research intensity.     

Imperatives and challenges in integrating teaching and research

This paper explores why it is important for universities to integrate research and teaching at the present time and considers how it can be achieved. Political, institutional and disciplinary factors affect the relationship, whether the aim is to integrate teaching with research or to integrate research with teaching. So the article explores factors that facilitate and factors that discourage integration. By way of providing an example of implementation, imperatives and challenges in developing this relationship at a large research‐intensive Australian university are outlined. Finally, the paper draws some general implications from this discussion to suggest where moves by disciplinary communities to integrate research and teaching might be heading.     

案例教学法在VB程序设计教学中的实践与探究

将案例教学法应用在VB程序设计的教学过程中,从而提高学生分析和解决问题的能力．通过展示案例教学的思路和特点,解析VB程序设计进行案例教学的可行性并借助具体的教学案例展示了案例教学在VB教学中的应用．     

初中英语教与学的"行动研究"初探

教师的素质在很大程度上决定着教育教学的质量。教师素质提高的一个重要途径是教师成为教育教学实践的研究者 ,其中行动研究是最有效的研究方式之一。笔者针对目前我国农村中学英语教学中普遍存在的问题 ,对初一新生展开旨在改进英语教学的行动研究。以语音教学为基础 ,以单词记忆为突破口 ,采取一系列的行动改进策略使学生掌握科学的拼读记忆方法 ,从而提高了英语教学的质量和效率。     

物联网教学与科研体系结构研究

通过对物联网专业的介绍,分析物联网教学和科研的特点,研究面向高校物联网的学生工程实验室和教师科研平台的建设,提出满足普通高校物联网专业的教学和实践的内容体系结构,注重培养学生理论和实践相结合的创新能力,提出适合高校教师科研平台的体系结构,以提高教师的整体科研水平。     

研教相融推进运筹学教学改革

概述了在运筹学教学中遇到的问题,然后针对这些问题给出了我们在教学实践中所作的一些措施,如加强运筹学教学中的理论教学和案例教学,理论联系实际,紧密结合科研项目等,为运筹学的教学提供一些借鉴。     

从质量话语到意义生成话语的转变——园本教研与传统教研的生态学视角比较

园本教研是当前学前教育界的热门话题，它与传统教研存在着从形式到思想的差异。它更关注意义的生成，而不是达到质量的标准化要求；它强调对话与协商的过程，而不是自上而下的权威管理与强制推行。受制于传统文化背景与现实条件，园本教研在实践中不可避免会存在违背其本义的可能性危险，需要我们警惕和努力转变。     

教学的文化研究:价值、进展与方向

教学的文化研究,即运用文化学的理论与方法来探讨教学现象或教学问题,它不仅在理论层面为教学研究提供了一个新的学科视角的支持和论证,而且在实践层面有助于诠释教学场域中呈现的新问题。目前国内关于教学的文化研究的内容主要涉及教学文化的意涵、文化传统与教学、文化变迁与教学、教学中的文化冲突与适应、多元文化与教学及网络文化与教学等六个方面。教学的文化研究今后尚要注意厘清教学文化的基本概念,集中和深化研究主题,运用多种方法进行整合研究。     

Relationships of research and teaching: Implications for faculty evaluation

This paper reports on research involving 23 hard science disciplines at a mid-western university. The data show a strong belief that research and teaching are complementary. Despite this, when it comes to time allocation, tradeoffs are necessary between the two functions. More time devoted to teaching is often detrimental to production of research output. More time was spent in research by higher performing researchers because they are more interested in that activity and rewards are attached to it.Administratively, evaluations tend to influence the direction faculty choose to follow. If teaching is to be restored to status equal with research, then the evaluation system must be changed to account for time input, and significant rewards for teaching must be offered.     

加强园林教学研究 正确解释园林文化

由于缺乏对园林建筑和和文化的整体研究,特别是缺乏对园林文化的正确解释,导致教学滞后,实践中误讲、误用现象严重,为此就如何写出一本能够适应中国旅游专业和建筑园林专业都需要的园林文化的教科书,在研究我国学术研究与教学现状前提下提出了若干看法。     

行动研究在大学英语教学中的应用

教学行动研究是近年来国外发展起来的一种教学理论研究方法,它是能够解决教学与研究领域脱节的问题,使教学行为向着更专业、更系统的方向发展。本文作者通过英语课堂教学中所做的教学行动研究,反思教学效果,探讨这种研究方法在提高教学效果中的实践意义。     

The teaching researcher: faculty attitudes towards the teaching and research roles

Results from a survey on faculty attitudes towards the teaching and research roles are presented. Attention is given to: (i) the perceived value of teaching (and teaching achievements) relative to research, (ii) approaches for research and teaching integration, (iii) the satisfaction gained from typical work tasks, and (iv) the importance of various work-life factors. Factors such as academic freedom, an intellectual work environment, flexible work hours, inspirational colleagues, and work diversity are found to be highly valued. Support from peers and colleagues is also seen as a key in learning to manage the different academic roles. A relatively low value is attributed to teaching achievements. Likewise, there is often little utilisation of teaching opportunities to support research work (other than senior-year research projects). Female faculty were found to give marginally a higher importance to teaching recognition and collaborative teaching opportunities. Based on the findings, general recommendations for supporting the teaching researcher are presented.     

Reputation disparity in teaching and research productivity and rewards in the context of consequences of institutionalization of Publish or Perish culture in academia

The reputation disparity between teaching and research has stirred up an unending debate. The age-long notion that teaching and research overlap has become a controversial issue in academia. Consequences of the institutionalization of Publish OR Perish (POP) abound in the literature. This paper investigates the reputations disparity between teaching and research productivity and the rewards for these academic activities. It explores which, out of teaching activities and research publications receive higher or less attention and rewards. Relevant existing literature was reviewed to establish the institutionalization of POP and its consequences of the reputations disparity between teaching and research and its adverse effects on these activities. Evidence from the literature reviewed reveals the existence of POP reputation disparity as part of its consequences. A key finding is that teaching activities are insignificant and unrewarded as research publications. Neither the effectiveness nor the number of teaching loads counts like the numbers of publications.