台湾学术机构典藏系统的发展及启示

介绍了台湾学术机构典藏系统建设的历程和经验,旨在为大陆地区建设全国性学术机构库系统提供可资借鉴的经验。     

国内外机构库现状调查及建设

机构库是用来保存并使用机构研究成果的数据库,本文通过网络调查,对目前国内外机构库的应用软件、收录资料的数量、类型等进行了分析研究,并对国内的大学或研究机构如何着手规划建置机构库提出一些建议。     

汉化Dspaces的运用状况与实践分析

Dspace软件的运用在中国大陆、台湾和香港呈现出不同的特点,通过对3地目前Dspace本地化的运用和机构典藏的管理进行分析总结,可以对我们进一步开发、推广和运用Dspace提供思路,从而促进机构典藏建设与管理策略制定,为实现开放存取打下基础。     

融入科研管理过程的机构知识库建设策略研究

构建融入科研管理过程的机构知识库平台,形成由科研项目管理系统、科研人员管理系统、科研成果管理系统、科研奖励管理系统构成的新型机构知识库平台,是实现机构知识资产积累传承、资源痕迹化管理的重要方法。针对所构建的新型知识库平台,本文提出资源的获取流程,并提出通过强化管理意识、规范资源建设标准、重视成果痕迹化管理、强化知识组织体系、重视服务功能、建立权益保障机制6个方面,来共同推进融入科研管理过程的机构知识库的建设。     

电子科技大学中山学院机构典藏建设实践

介绍了电子科技大学中山学院建设机构典藏的方法和经验,并对大学学院图书馆建设机构典藏中可能遇到的问题提出了解决办法。     

机构典藏库自存储率分析

在当前机构典藏库的实践中,影响其发展的最关键因素并不是作者的自存储行为,而是机构典藏库内容资源的学术性评价问题。以高校教师为研究对象,深入分析影响教师自存储率低的重要原因,并结合近年来图书馆界关于机构典藏库自存储研究的相关成果,总结出没有科学的学术评价体系是高校机构典藏库自存储率低的重要原因,并针对这一问题提出了建设性的实施措施。     

基于“机构典藏”的原创性教学参考资源内容建设优势分析

本文对基于"机构典藏"平台的教学参考系统在原创性教学参考资料上有别于传统教学参考数据库在深入教学活动过程方面、用户对教学参考资料内容的管理等方面的优势进行分析,认为在高校原创性教学参考资料的内容建设上有广阔的发展空间。     

信息时代下图书馆高校机构知识库研究

机构知识库的构建已然成为当代图书情报学界---专业学术研讨的热议话题,同时也是各大高校共享学术、科研成果,实现长期数字信息资源存放目标的重要方法之一,对信息资源开放存取交流有相当重要的理论和现实意义。本文现简要介绍了机构知识库理论基础,并就目前高校机构知识库运行中出现的问题,提出了改进策略及前景展望,以期同行参考借鉴。     

高校科研成果管理的现状及对策

高校科研成果管理已初步走上了规范化、制度化和科学化的轨道,但依然还存在许多问题。本文在分析了高校科研成果管理的现状和面临的实际问题基础上,提出了坚持科研成果管理的导向作用、加强科研成果的全过程管理、革新管理理念等高校科研成果管理的应对策略。     

论新建本科高校图书馆的业务机构设置

通过对我国高校图书馆机构设置的研究，说明了新建本科高校图书馆重新设置机构的必要性，在对新建本科高校图书馆的业务机构进行设置的基础上，提出了机构设置与楼层管理相结合的管理方式，最后对这种机构设置优势进行了探讨。     

Students' Reactions to the Introduction of Videoconferencing for Classroom Instruction

This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors.     

Cooler temperatures inductive to locust outbreaks

Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007.     

Exploring Multiplexity: Social Network Structures in a Computer-Supported Distance Learning Class

A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction.     

The Role of Intermediating Institutions in the Diffusion of Electronic Data Interchange (EDI): How Industry Associations Intervened in Denmark, Finland, and Hong Kong

Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies.     

Low doses of a red wine ingredient figh diabetes in mice

Aresearch group led by Prof. ZHAI Qiwei from the Institute for Nutritional Sciences under the CAS Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences has discovered that even relatively low doses of resveratrol--a chemical found in the skins of red grapes and in red wine--can improve the sensitivity of mice to the hormone insulin, according to a report in the October,2007 issue of Cell Metabolism. As insulin resistance is often characterized as the most critical factor contributing to the development of Type 2 diabetes, the findings“provide a potential new therapeutic approach for preventing or treating” both conditions, the researchers said.     

How Electronic Publishers are Protecting Against Piracy: Doubts About Technical Systems of Protection

The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means.     

Rough Justice: A Statistical Assessment of ICANN's Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy

Long-standing conflict between domain name registrants and trademark holders prompted the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) to create a global, mandatory arbitration procedure known as the Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy (UDRP). The UDRP has been used in 2166 cases involving 3938 domain names as of 1 November 2000. The policy gives the initiator of a complaint, generally a trademark holder, the right to choose which ICANN-accredited dispute resolution service provider (RSP) will handle the case. During the preparation of the UDRP,some feared that complainant selection would lead to "forum shopping" that might bias the results. This article performs a statistical assessment of the forum-shopping thesis and finds support for it. There are statistically significant differences in the various RSPs' propensity to take away names from defendants; there are also major differences in the number of cases brought to each RSP. RSPs who take away names have the larger share of cases. The study examines other variables that might explain differences in market share, such as price, the plaintiff's nationality, or the time taken to decide a case. It finds that nationality and time also are correlated with market share. The study concludes that shopping for a favorable outcome is an important factor in the UDRP.     

Prevalence of soft neurological signs in Chinese people

Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen, a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology, has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology.     

Molecular motor assembly of a biomimetic system

Active biological molecules and functional structures can be fabricated into a bio-mimetic system by using molecular assembly method. Such materials can be used for the drug delivery, disease diagnosis and therapy, and new nanodevice construction.     

Monoculture Rubber Plantations Have Negative Ef ects on Controlling Splash Erosion

<正>In Xishuangbanna,one of China’s most biodiverse regions,landscape has changed dramatically during the past three decades due to the conversion of tropical rainforest to rubber plantations.In steep areas,terraces are often constructed before planting rubber trees,which causes two important changes in the soil:the destabilization of soil in the bench terraces and the increased vulnerability of unvegetated riser faces to erosion.Few studies have documented the nature and intensity of erosion on bench terraces.Prof.LIU Wenjie and his colleagues from the Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden(XTBG)conducted a study in Menglun County(21°5′39″N,101°15′55″E),Xishuangbanna to evaluate the influence