区域创业环境与创新平台对创业企业的吸引力研究

基于创业企业与创业环境、创新平台的交互作用视角,构建了区域创业吸引力的评价指标体系。采用熵值法确定各指标的权重,以31个省（市、区）的统计数据为样本,计算各区域创业吸引力的综合评分。研究结果表明：平台建设、服务绩效、基础设施、金融支持、商务环境、教育培训、开放程度以及政府政策是影响区域创业吸引力的关键因素。其中,创新平台建设对区域创业吸引力的影响作用最大。我国各区域创业吸引力存在异质性,整体上呈现从东到西逐渐降低的梯度分布格局。因此,为提高各区域创业吸引力,必须采用相应的针对性对策。     

西部12省（市、区）金融竞争力的比较分析

本文运用主成分分析法,利用2010年相关数据,对我国西部12个省（市、区）的金融竞争力进行比较分析,发现金融规模、金融效率、经济法律环境和科技支持都与金融竞争力呈正相关关系,西南地区的金融竞争力整体高于西北地区,其中四川省金融竞争力最高。最后就如何提高西部各省（市、区）金融竞争力提出若干政策建议。     

城市创新创业环境评价指标体系构建与实证——以山东省17市为例

本文在PSR模型及其要素组合基础上构建城市创新创业环境评价指标体系。采用因子分析法综合评价山东省17市创新创业环境,通过聚类法进行分类。实证结果表明:两种分析结果一致性较高,济南市、青岛市、淄博市、烟台市、潍坊市创新创业环境得分在平均水平之上,其他城市创新创业环境得分均低于平均水平,青岛市和济南市创新创业环境评价综合得分遥遥领先其他15市。山东省17市创新创业环境分为3个层次,青岛市和济南市处于领先档,烟台市、潍坊市、德州市、聊城市、菏泽市、济宁市、临沂市处于挑战档,东营市、威海市、莱芜市、枣庄市、滨州市、泰安市、日照市、淄博市处于改进档。本研究为优化城市创新创业环境提供理论依据和决策参考,对共同优化城市创新创业环境有重要指导意义。     

基于综合指数法的创业环境评价研究——以内蒙古12盟市为例

创业活跃度是一个地区经济发展的晴雨表,而创业环境是地区创业活跃度的最主要影响因素之一。由于内蒙古东西跨度大,各盟市地理条件和依托资源不同,造成经济社会发展非常不平衡,因此,基于综合指数评价法,尝试建立适合内蒙古地区的创业环境评价指标体系,并用统计年鉴等公开的二手数据和调研问卷的一手数据,评价内蒙古12个盟市的创业环境,比较各个地区的创业环境,以期找出各个地区创业活跃度发展不平衡的原因,并尝试给出提升内蒙古12个盟市创业环境的政策建议。     

西部地区政府网站建设水平分析

政府网站建设是推进政府信息化的重要方面，在提高政府效率、转变政府职能中发挥着重要作用。随着西部大开发的深入，西部各省区积极推进政府信息化和政府网站建设。本文从“省政府门户网站建设”、“省级政府职能部门网站建设”和“省、地（市）、县（区）三级政府网站的连通性”三方面，运用统计描述、聚类分析和数据包络分析方法，对西部各省区的政府网站建设情况进行了评价和分析。     

创业制度环境对创业决策的影响机制

创业是我国推进创新驱动战略与经济结构转型的重要力量。对于“为何同样制度环境下个体有着差异化创业决策”的问题,现有创业制度研究未能有效解答。因此研究引入认知视角,试图揭示创业制度环境三类因素影响创业决策的微观机制,包括个体风险感知、机会评估及创业自我效能在这一“黑箱”中的作用。通过五省市1000份调研数据实证分析,结果表明：（1）三类创业制度的积极认知将显著促进创业决策生成;（2）创业制度通过影响个体风险感知、机会评估最终作用于创业决策;（3）三类制度作用机制有所不同,认知制度完全经由风险感知与机会评估的连续中介影响创业决策,规制制度与规范制度的作用路径则被二者部分中介;（4）风险感知会显著负向影响机会评估,两类认知因素对创业决策分别起到负向与正向作用。研究结论有助于深入理解创业成因与制度影响,进而提升“双创”建设和我国创业质量。     

基于因子分析法的投资环境综合评价

通过构建评价投资环境的指标体系,根据相应的统计数据,运用多元统计分析中的因子分析法,对全国各省、市、自治区的投资环境进行综合评价.研究发现经济发展水平、能源供应和投资成本是影响一个地区投资环境的主要因素.     

中国31个省市及重点省域科技创新效率评价研究——基于超效率SBM-Malmquist模型

以2015—2020年我国31个省（区、市）为研究对象，利用SBM-Malmquist模型对我国科技创新效率进行静态与动态测算并选取《中国区域科技创新评价报告2021》中综合科技创新水平指数最高的十大省（区、市）进行重点分析。实证结果表明，我国整体科技创新效率较低，但有向好趋势，区域间呈现出“西部>东部>中部”的态势；我国科技创新效率的增长主要得益于技术进步，技术进步对科技创新效率的拉动作用抵消了技术效率衰退的影响；综合科技创新水平指数最高的上海市和北京市分别出现科技创新投入冗余和技术进步不足的问题。为实现我国科技创新自立自强，需从区域协同、技术进步、资源优化配置等方面发力。     

粤港澳大湾区县域创新环境评价研究——以广东57个县（市）实证分析为例

创新环境与创新绩效优化已成为粤港澳大湾区区域自主创新能力提升的重要方面,因此本文基于因子分析和数据包络分析（DEA）方法,对县域的创新环境情况以及创新绩效进行实证分析。首先,构建县域创新环境的指标体系,基于粤港澳大湾区发展背景下,分析珠三角核心区、沿海经济带、北部生态发展区三个不同区位的县域创新环境、创新投入、创新绩效特征。其次,挑选出代表性县（市）,对其创新绩效情况进行综合评价。最后,根据实证分析结果找出各县（市）自身所存在的短板以及发展问题,并提出针对提高创新绩效、促进创新能力整体发展的一些策略和建议。     

关于学会杂志第五届编委会组成的通知

各全国性学会、协会、研究会各省、自治区、直辖市科协学会部：《学会》月刊是由中国科协学会部与福建省科协合办,各省（市）、区科协学会部协办的指导性、学术性刊物。学会杂志社实行编委会领导下的主编负责制。中国科协学会部、福建省科协、各省（市）科协学会部为编委单位,组成学会杂志社编委会。第四届编委会在任职期间,     

Students' Reactions to the Introduction of Videoconferencing for Classroom Instruction

This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors.     

Cooler temperatures inductive to locust outbreaks

Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007.     

Exploring Multiplexity: Social Network Structures in a Computer-Supported Distance Learning Class

A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction.     

Low doses of a red wine ingredient figh diabetes in mice

Aresearch group led by Prof. ZHAI Qiwei from the Institute for Nutritional Sciences under the CAS Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences has discovered that even relatively low doses of resveratrol--a chemical found in the skins of red grapes and in red wine--can improve the sensitivity of mice to the hormone insulin, according to a report in the October,2007 issue of Cell Metabolism. As insulin resistance is often characterized as the most critical factor contributing to the development of Type 2 diabetes, the findings“provide a potential new therapeutic approach for preventing or treating” both conditions, the researchers said.     

The Role of Intermediating Institutions in the Diffusion of Electronic Data Interchange (EDI): How Industry Associations Intervened in Denmark, Finland, and Hong Kong

Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies.     

How Electronic Publishers are Protecting Against Piracy: Doubts About Technical Systems of Protection

The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means.     

Rough Justice: A Statistical Assessment of ICANN's Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy

Long-standing conflict between domain name registrants and trademark holders prompted the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) to create a global, mandatory arbitration procedure known as the Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy (UDRP). The UDRP has been used in 2166 cases involving 3938 domain names as of 1 November 2000. The policy gives the initiator of a complaint, generally a trademark holder, the right to choose which ICANN-accredited dispute resolution service provider (RSP) will handle the case. During the preparation of the UDRP,some feared that complainant selection would lead to "forum shopping" that might bias the results. This article performs a statistical assessment of the forum-shopping thesis and finds support for it. There are statistically significant differences in the various RSPs' propensity to take away names from defendants; there are also major differences in the number of cases brought to each RSP. RSPs who take away names have the larger share of cases. The study examines other variables that might explain differences in market share, such as price, the plaintiff's nationality, or the time taken to decide a case. It finds that nationality and time also are correlated with market share. The study concludes that shopping for a favorable outcome is an important factor in the UDRP.     

Prevalence of soft neurological signs in Chinese people

Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen, a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology, has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology.     

Molecular motor assembly of a biomimetic system

Active biological molecules and functional structures can be fabricated into a bio-mimetic system by using molecular assembly method. Such materials can be used for the drug delivery, disease diagnosis and therapy, and new nanodevice construction.     

Monoculture Rubber Plantations Have Negative Ef ects on Controlling Splash Erosion

<正>In Xishuangbanna,one of China’s most biodiverse regions,landscape has changed dramatically during the past three decades due to the conversion of tropical rainforest to rubber plantations.In steep areas,terraces are often constructed before planting rubber trees,which causes two important changes in the soil:the destabilization of soil in the bench terraces and the increased vulnerability of unvegetated riser faces to erosion.Few studies have documented the nature and intensity of erosion on bench terraces.Prof.LIU Wenjie and his colleagues from the Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden(XTBG)conducted a study in Menglun County(21°5′39″N,101°15′55″E),Xishuangbanna to evaluate the influence