HPT roots and branches: Analyzing over 45 years of the field's own citations. Part 1: Journal citations

This article is the first of a series of three that reviews the citation patterns of references cited in the entire collection of International Society for Performance Improvement (ISPI) journal articles (1962–2007) and all chapters published in the three editions of Handbook of Human Performance Technology (1992, 1999, and 2006). It includes an analysis of journal articles cited and lists which journals and particular articles are cited most frequently, both overall and by decade. Part 2 in this series will present an analysis of books cited in the entire ISPI literature collection, and part 3 will report on the most cited authors, both overall and by type of reference (e.g., journal articles, books, sections of books, reports, conference papers, dissertations).     

HPT roots and branches: Analyzing over 45 years of the field's own citations. Part 2: Book citations

This article is the second in a series of three that reviews the citation patterns of references cited in the collection of the International Society for Performance Improvement literature (journal articles from 1962–2007 and chapters in all three human performance technology handbooks). An analysis of books and book chapters cited is included, as well as a list of what books and book chapters are cited most frequently. Part 3 will report on the most cited authors, by decade, overall, and by type of reference.     

大学生耐力素质评价指标分析与调查研究

高校学生体质持续下降,特别是耐力素质明显下降,已引起社会和学校的关注。试对本院开展《学生体质健康标准》中部分学生的台阶试验与耐力跑测试的数据,通过《学生体质健康标准》与《国家体育锻炼标准》的评价对比,探讨大学生耐力素质。提出在实施《学生体质健康标准》的同时,加强耐力素质的测试与监控,切实提高大学生的耐力素质。     

嬗变与思考:新中国60年农村职业教育回眸

新中国成立以来,农村职业教育的发展历程经历了三个阶段:服务于农业恢复和发展的农村职业教育(1949-1977年);服务于农村经济全面发展的农村职业教育(1978-1999年);服务于新型农民培养的农村职业教育(2000-2009年)。在回顾历史的基础上,从认识、投入、体制、市场等方面对当今我国农村职业教育发展进行思考,以期对当下农村职业教育改革有所借鉴。     

Impact of a play‐based curriculum in the first two years of primary school: literacy and numeracy outcomes over seven years

In 2000–2002 an innovative early years curriculum, the Enriched Curriculum (EC), was introduced into 120 volunteer schools across Northern Ireland, replacing a traditional curriculum similar to others across the UK at that time. It was intended by the designers to be developmentally appropriate and play‐based with the primary goal of preventing the experience of persistent early failure in children. The EC was not intended to be a literacy and numeracy intervention, yet it did considerably alter pedagogy in these domains, particularly the age at which formal reading and mathematics instruction began. As part of a multi‐method evaluation running from 2000–2008, the research team followed the primary school careers of the first two successive cohorts of EC children, comparing them with year‐ahead controls attending the same 24 schools. Compared to the year‐ahead control group, the findings show that the EC children's reading and mathematics scores fell behind in the first two years but the majority of EC children caught up by the end of their fourth year. Thereafter, the performance of the first EC cohort fell away slightly, while that of the second continued to match that of controls. Overall, the play‐based curriculum had no statistically significant positive effects on reading and mathematics in the medium term. At best, the EC children's scores matched those of controls.     

In one's own image: ethics and the reproduction of deafness

The ethics of the use of genetic screening and reproductive technologies to select against and for deafness is presented. It is argued that insofar as deafness is a disability it is ethical to act in such a way as to avoid the conception or birth of children with genetic or congenital deafness. The discovery and recognition of signing deaf communities as cultural and linguistic communities (minorities) does not alter this basic ethical position, although the consequences of widespread application of this technology appears destined to lead to the eventual disappearance of these communities. The argument that acting to avoid deafness is unethical because it will lead to the elimination of a linguistic or cultural group (genocide or ethnocide) or conversely that acting to ensure deafness is ethical, if not praiseworthy, can only be sustained if deafness is not regarded as a disability at all. I argue that the premise that deafness is not a disability of some sort is false and thus the claim that genetic selection against deafness is unethical is untenable.     

The interplay of social competence and psychopathology over 20 years: testing transactional and cascade models

Associations among internalizing, externalizing, and social competence were examined in a longitudinal cohort (N = 205) of 8- to 12-year-old children reassessed after 7, 10, and 20 years. Theoretically informed nested structural equation models tested interconnections among broad multi-informant constructs across four developmental periods. Follow-up analyses examined gender invariance, measurement and age effects, and putative common causes. Key model comparisons indicated robust negative paths from social competence to internalizing problems from childhood to adolescence and from emerging adulthood to young adulthood. Social competence and externalizing problems showed strong initial associations in childhood but no longitudinal cross-domain paths. Using a developmental psychopathology framework, results are discussed in relation to cascade and transactional effects and the interplay between competence and symptoms over time.     

重庆三十年儿童诗歌创作的回顾与思考

本文通过对改革开放30年重庆儿童诗歌的发展进行梳理,从诗人队伍、创作成就、艺术特色与影响等方面作了全面回顾和总结。并认为这个时期是重庆儿童诗歌发展史上的一个高峰,重庆已成为当代中国儿童诗歌创作与研究的重要城市之一。同时,本文还探讨了当前重庆儿童诗歌发展存在的主要问题。由此提出,只有诗体重建,才能实现重庆儿童诗歌在创作上的新突破。     

Losing sight of Humboldt: a synoptic review of Australian government policy over the last 35 years

Over the last 35 years Australian higher education policy, like that of most countries, has undergone radical changes. This article reviews these changes in terms of four key periods, beginning with the abolition of student fees, through to the recent unprecedented levels of government control and intervention. Policies are compared with each other and common themes across periods, attempts at reinvigorating or reintroducing old ideas, and genuinely new policies are discovered. Finally, the impact of these policies over the last 35 years on the higher education sector, particularly its academics and institutions, is discussed.     

国内福克纳研究综述:2007-2011

威康·福克纳是美国"南方文学"代表者,是美国也是世界最有影响力的现代主义小说家之一。福克纳逝世后,美国以及许多其他国家对他的评价越来越高,对他的研究本身已经成为一门学问。本文主要从期刊论文数量、研究对象、研究角度综述中国福克纳研究,总结了在今后的研究中应该注意的主要问题。     

改革开放30年思想政治教育概念内涵的嬗变及启示

目前学术界关于思想政治教育内涵的研究,主要有两个维度,即作为社会实践活动的思想政治教育(如大学生思想政治教育)和作为学科存在的思想政治教育(如马克思主义理论与思想政治教育).前者主要帮助人们解决"做什么"、"怎样做"的问题,后者主要解决思想政治教育"是什么"、"为什么"的问题.大致来说,思想政治教育概念内涵的演进大致经历了"施加论"、"转化论"、"内化论"和"发展论"四种模式,这些模式的嬗变反映了改革开放以来人们自觉提高生活质量和追求生命意义的内在发展向度,体现了人们对思想政治教育规律不断认识与把握的结果.     

The global growth of the International Baccalaureate Diploma Programme over the first 40 years: a critical assessment

The year 2007 was a highly significant one for ‘international education’ in an ‘internationally minded school’ context. It marked the fortieth anniversary of the first trial exam of the International Baccalaureate Diploma Programme (IBDP). This paper charts the rather random global growth of this programme, from it being a long‐awaited experiment in international education sat by 147 students in two schools, to it being a curriculum offered in 1779 schools in 128 countries. It is shown how the initially Eurocentric bias of the global spread has become a distinct North American one. At present 35% of schools can be found in the US, whilst Africa accounts for only 2%. In 38 countries there is a single school offering the programme. The wider implications of this regional disparity are explored, concluding that perhaps the programme requires a more critical and planned growth strategy.     

An analysis of flexible learning and flexibility over the last 40 years of Distance Education

ABSTRACT

In this paper, we report the major themes we identified in the literature surrounding flexible learning that has been published in Distance Education over the last 40 years. We identified six themes: the qualities of flexibility as affording “anytime, anyplace” learning; flexibility as pedagogy; liberatory or service-oriented aspects of flexibility; limitations of flexibility, especially in terms of technology, the constraints of time and space, as well as cultural differences; flexibility as a quality needed by instructors and instructional designers themselves; and critiques of flexibility as a concept. These themes suggest a complex understanding of flexibility, and one that could support future teaching and scholarly endeavours.     

素质教育:改革开放30年中国教育思想一大硕果——纪念中共中央国务院《关于深化教育改革全面推进素质教育的决定》颁布十周年

素质教育是党和国家的重大决策,也是改革开放30年所产生的中国特色的教育思想与模式。教育的根本任务是提高国民素质,教育的本质就是素质教育。素质教育、文化素质教育是继承与弘扬我国优秀的教育理念与传统,学习与吸收国外先进的教育思想与经验,在我国教育教学的改革实践中不断探索、总结、发展的产物。文化素质教育是中国高等教育的本土化创新,已成为我国高等学校人才培养工作的有机组成部分,华中科技大学开展的文化素质教育工作即是一例。