论高校图书馆学科馆员与高校学科建设

学科建设是高校生存与发展的根本,学科馆员应以高校图书馆信息资源为基础,向高校学科建设提供信息资源保障。本文论述了学科馆员的内涵,学科馆员在高校学科建设中的作用,探讨了学科馆员在学科建设中的服务模式。     

论大学学科建设的评估

大学学科建设是高等学校建设的核心,学科水平决定一所大学的水平.而学科建设评估体系与机制则是高校学科建设的指导依据与管理手段,直接影响到高校学科建设整体水平的发展.开展学科评估工作,运用学科的量化评估指标体系,逐一对学科建设现状和水平进行的全面检查和评定,是加强高校学科建设的重要举措.     

高等学校学科建设指导思想的实践探索

学科建设是高等学校发展的基础、核心和龙头,学科建设指导思想是一所高校学科发展的的总纲领、总指引,有着统领的作用,具有非常重要的地位。系统介绍了高校学科建设指导思想的内涵,学科建设指导思想的制定应结合学校类型、办学层次、学科结构、学科特色等因素。并结合实际,从学校层面对学科建设指导思想进行了许多有益的探索,通过对我国几所不同类型的高校学科建设指导思想进行分析研究,总结共性,找出个性,以期对其他高校制定学科建设指导思想起到启示和借鉴作用。     

探索学科建设措施 促进高校和谐发展

高校学科建设的和谐发展与学科队伍的完整性、研究生导师队伍的稳定性、高校中院系设置的合理性、打破学科壁垒和学科等级的可能性、学科管理制度的规范性和统一性等相关性强.充足的资金是保证学科建设顺利进行的重要环节.可通过加强学科队伍建设,促进学科交叉、融合和加强学科群建设.创新管理体制,加大资金投入等措施,实现高校学科建设的和谐发展.     

新建地方应用型本科院校学科建设发展研究

学科建设是高校工作的龙头,是学校发展的主旋律,从根本上体现了高校的办学水平、办学特色、业界声誉和影响力及社会贡献度。有鉴于此,学科建设要取得关键性进展,必须立足“学科立校”的战略高度,基于自我发展定位,选择符合自身特点的学科建设范式和路径。明确学科定位,适时调整学科结构、优化学科布局,建立知识和层次结构合理而稳定的学术团队,强化学科基地的特色与创新建设,建立健全规范有效的学科建设管理制度。     

新建地方应用型本科院校学科建设发展研究

学科建设是高校工作的龙头,是学校发展的主旋律,从根本上体现了高校的办学水平、办学特色、业界声誉和影响力及社会贡献度。有鉴于此,学科建设要取得关键性进展,必须立足"学科立校"的战略高度,基于自我发展定位,选择符合自身特点的学科建设范式和路径。明确学科定位,适时调整学科结构、优化学科布局,建立知识和层次结构合理而稳定的学术团队,强化学科基地的特色与创新建设,建立健全规范有效的学科建设管理制度。     

高等学校加强学科建设,提升核心竞争力的途径与思考

本文从我国高校的实际出发,从学科地位、队伍建设、特色学科、平台建设、成果建设、服务行业、和谐发展、强化管理等八个方面阐释了如何加强学科建设,提升学校的核心竞争力,对高校学科建设发展提供了借鉴。     

高等学校加强学科建设,提升核心竞争力的途径与思考

本文从我国高校的实际出发,从学科地位、队伍建设、特色学科、平台建设、成果建设、服务行业、和谐发展、强化管理等八个方面阐释了如何加强学科建设,提升学校的核心竞争力,对高校学科建设发展提供了借鉴。     

以学科建设为龙头,提高办学层次和水平

学科是高等学校事业发展的基础,是学校发展的核心。学科建设水平的高低不仅代表着高校办学水平、培养质量,更决定着高校的办学特色和优势。高等学校只有按照"以高水平的学科为支撑,以学科建设为主线"的发展思路,把学科建设作为各项工作的龙头,把加强学科建设,提升教学、科研水平,提高办学层次和水平做为高等学校发展的主要任务,才能从根本上提高高校的办学水平和教学质量。     

C9高校学科建设的绩效评价与预测——基于ESI和InCites数据库

详细介绍了联合应用ESI和InCites数据库对中国C9高校学科建设的绩效评价和预测方法。基于简单的数学模型计算了9所C9高校22大学科的学科优势,根据学科优势值的大小判断入选ESI的学科,结果与各高校实际入选ESI的学科基本一致。对将要入选ESI数据库的学科进行了预测。根据C9高校入选ESI学科的分布,对中国高校学科建设和发展现状进行了评价。     

Students' Reactions to the Introduction of Videoconferencing for Classroom Instruction

This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors.     

Cooler temperatures inductive to locust outbreaks

Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007.     

Exploring Multiplexity: Social Network Structures in a Computer-Supported Distance Learning Class

A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction.     

The Role of Intermediating Institutions in the Diffusion of Electronic Data Interchange (EDI): How Industry Associations Intervened in Denmark, Finland, and Hong Kong

Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies.     

Low doses of a red wine ingredient figh diabetes in mice

Aresearch group led by Prof. ZHAI Qiwei from the Institute for Nutritional Sciences under the CAS Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences has discovered that even relatively low doses of resveratrol--a chemical found in the skins of red grapes and in red wine--can improve the sensitivity of mice to the hormone insulin, according to a report in the October,2007 issue of Cell Metabolism. As insulin resistance is often characterized as the most critical factor contributing to the development of Type 2 diabetes, the findings“provide a potential new therapeutic approach for preventing or treating” both conditions, the researchers said.     

How Electronic Publishers are Protecting Against Piracy: Doubts About Technical Systems of Protection

The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means.     

Rough Justice: A Statistical Assessment of ICANN's Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy

Long-standing conflict between domain name registrants and trademark holders prompted the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) to create a global, mandatory arbitration procedure known as the Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy (UDRP). The UDRP has been used in 2166 cases involving 3938 domain names as of 1 November 2000. The policy gives the initiator of a complaint, generally a trademark holder, the right to choose which ICANN-accredited dispute resolution service provider (RSP) will handle the case. During the preparation of the UDRP,some feared that complainant selection would lead to "forum shopping" that might bias the results. This article performs a statistical assessment of the forum-shopping thesis and finds support for it. There are statistically significant differences in the various RSPs' propensity to take away names from defendants; there are also major differences in the number of cases brought to each RSP. RSPs who take away names have the larger share of cases. The study examines other variables that might explain differences in market share, such as price, the plaintiff's nationality, or the time taken to decide a case. It finds that nationality and time also are correlated with market share. The study concludes that shopping for a favorable outcome is an important factor in the UDRP.     

Prevalence of soft neurological signs in Chinese people

Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen, a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology, has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology.     

Molecular motor assembly of a biomimetic system

Active biological molecules and functional structures can be fabricated into a bio-mimetic system by using molecular assembly method. Such materials can be used for the drug delivery, disease diagnosis and therapy, and new nanodevice construction.     

Monoculture Rubber Plantations Have Negative Ef ects on Controlling Splash Erosion

<正>In Xishuangbanna,one of China’s most biodiverse regions,landscape has changed dramatically during the past three decades due to the conversion of tropical rainforest to rubber plantations.In steep areas,terraces are often constructed before planting rubber trees,which causes two important changes in the soil:the destabilization of soil in the bench terraces and the increased vulnerability of unvegetated riser faces to erosion.Few studies have documented the nature and intensity of erosion on bench terraces.Prof.LIU Wenjie and his colleagues from the Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden(XTBG)conducted a study in Menglun County(21°5′39″N,101°15′55″E),Xishuangbanna to evaluate the influence