Roles and characteristics of television and some implications for distance learning

The Open University has a unique partnership with the BBC. The BBC produces television, radio and audio‐cassette material in conjunction with Open University academic and other course design staff. Producers are full members of course teams. The Government, through its grant to the University, pays the full cost of the BBC's services to the University. The BBC has set up a department (BBC/OUP) specifically to provide services to the Open University. In Autumn, 1981, a brand‐new, £5½ million purpose‐built studio complex became operational on the University campus, and is managed by the BBC on the University's behalf. Currently, over 1,500 Open University television programmes are transmitted each year on the BBC's national television networks.

The University funds a small research group to investigate the use of audio‐visual media in the University. The research group carries out studies of programme utilisation across the 140 different courses, to assist with the planning and allocation of production and transmission resources. It also carries out more detailed research into individual programmes and course strategies for using television. More recently, the research group has been paying particular actention to how students learn from television. This paper explores some recent theory, and research developments on the role and character of television, and its impact on learning in distance education.     

BBC英语学习网站评析

BBC英语学习网站是一个互动性的网站,是为提高英语学习爱好者自身的英语技能而设立的英语网站。它为学习者提供了广阔的信息交流网络平台和多样的英语学习资源。学习者可在网站上参与多种英语活动,从而提高他们学英语的积极性和英语各方面的技能。本文通过对BBC英语学习网站的评价与分析,旨在让英语学习爱好者了解网站的特色,从而更好地利用该网站的资源,从中受益。     

Reviews

Ian Winfield Mr Winfield lectures in the Department of Geography and Sociology at North Staffordshire Polytechnic. Objectives in Curriculum Design by Ivor K Davies.
Richmond Postgate Mr Postgate was Controller of Educational Broadcasting (BBC) 1965–72; broadcasting assessor to the Planning Committee; and finally responsible within the BBC for the Open University television and radio programmes and BBC-nominated member of the Open University Council till 1972. Open University: a personal account by the first Vice-Chancellor , Walter Perry.     

Personal Computers in Laboratory Teaching of Control

This paper reports on the incorporation of personal computers in the laboratory program at UMIST's Control Systems Centre. Laboratory practice is an integral component of all our control course. The laboratory facilities provide a mechanism for testing and verifying theoretical and design approaches. Incorporating computers in all phases of the laboratory program makes possible the use of current techniques in the analysis and design of realistic control systems. The control systems laboratory at UMIST has been developed with the goal of providing real world analysis and design experience in a laboratory setting. A collection of scale model experiments representing the major categories of industrial control problems has been constructed. These working models are coupled with a standard instrumentation interface and analogue and digital computers to implement control strategies. In all cases, great care has been taken to retain realism and allow the student to concentrate on control issues rather than configuration or programming problems. The primary objective of using personal computers in the control laboratory is to provide an on-line link between the student and the laboratory model. This provides direct ‘hands on’ experience of digital control ideas, interactive digital control experimentation and use of the computer as a multi-function virtual instrument. In addition, the computer is used off-line to simulate model performance as various control strategies are tried. At this point in time, each laboratory model station has been equipped with a personal computer containing A/D and D/A converters, hard and floppy disk, and a real-time clock. The computers are networked to provide access to printing and file storage facilities. Originally the software packages were written primarily in BASIC, and ran on BBC computers. These versions are however in the process of being replaced by PC-based packages written in C. Both the original BASIC and the C-successors have been developed to provide interactive, real-time control of the model using a choice of digital control algorithms. Using the keyboard as a control panel, the student can observe model performance, vary controller parameters, choose display characteristics and record parametric and graphical data. Future developments will expand the choice of available control algorithms and enhance the off-line analysis and design tools.     

利用模板编辑教学网页的简单方法

网上教学是远程开放教育的主要形式。电大教师应积极投身于网上教学资源的开发和设计。教学网页与其它媒体的课件相比具有科学性强,信息量大,便于操作,及时更新和趣味性、交互性等特点。通过模板编辑简单的教学网页是非专业设计人员实现网上教学的捷径。     

Media education to improve adolescent sexual and reproductive health in Cambodia. RAS/98/P10

Through the use of interactive radio and other media, Health Unlimited through its implementing agencies, the Cambodia Health Education Media Services and Cambodia Health Education and Development is working towards increasing knowledge of reproductive and sexual health among Cambodian adolescents. It also seeks to promote the use of reproductive and sexual health services for the youth; improve youth involvement in developing information, education and communication (IEC) materials on reproductive health; and increase the capacity of nongovernmental organizations, government agencies and the private sector to develop IEC for the youth. The strategies being pursued include exploring the role of radio and using nongovernmental organization expertise in radio show production and sharing IEC messages with the media. The main activities being carried include the production of interactive radio magazine programs for the youth along with magazine supplements, training of health and media staff and providing them with work experience, and involving the youth in media production by using an interactive format and focus group discussion.     

Evaluating large‐scale interactive radio programmes

This article focuses on the challenges involved in conducting evaluations of interactive radio programmes in South Africa with large numbers of schools, teachers, and learners. It focuses on the role such large‐scale evaluation has played during the South African radio learning programme’s development stage, as well as during its subsequent sustained implementation phase. The model evolved for evaluation of interactive radio instruction is based within the context of a shoestring/real‐world evaluation tradition, where funding for internal evaluation has been limited over the period of the programme’s development to scale, necessitating focused use of resources in a longitudinal evaluation design. The evaluation approach is participatory and multimethod, linking the requirements of external summative evaluation conducted for accountability, with data yielded by internal (formative and developmental) evaluation. This is done through internal and formative evaluative studies of limited scope, combined with developmental classroom‐based evaluation based on the logic of project team members working with teachers to promote the programme’s self‐evaluative capacity.     

School Broadcasting in the United Kingdom: An Exploratory History

In the United Kingdom, television for schools is 50 years old in 2007. The anniversary provides a reason to undertake an exploratory history of school broadcasting, an area that has received very little attention from historians of British education. The first part of this article examines the origins of school radio broadcasting, focusing especially upon the pioneering work of Mary Somerville, who served as the BBC’s first Director of School Broadcasting from 1929 to 1947. It is then argued that school broadcasting had a ‘good war’, enhancing its international reputation and sense of public value between 1939 and 1945. Following the conclusion of hostilities, there were high expectations that television for schools would become quickly established, but financial, technical and other practical impediments delayed the launch of services until 1957. By that time, commercial television had emerged as a rival to the BBC and it was an ITV company, Associated‐Rediffusion, rather than the BBC, which won the race to broadcast the first television programmes for schools. Some significant technological and market‐led changes since the 1980s are noted, but the conclusion states that the reputation of British school broadcasting remains high at the beginning of the twenty‐first century.     

Science in the making: 1930s citizen science on the BBC

ABSTRACT

During 1931–1933 several BBC radio broadcasts invited listeners to participate in what would now be termed ‘citizen science’ experiments. Scientists broadcast on a research topic, and asked for relevant data and observations from listeners. Most of these broadcasts were part of the Science in the Making series. Topics investigated ranged across natural history, meteorology, auditory perception, dreams and social science. One Science in the Making broadcast resulted in an article in a refereed academic journal. This article describes these broadcasts, the listeners’ role, and the outcomes of the series. It situates them in the context of the BBC’s adult education provision, and examines their educational and scientific contributions. Although the broadcasts were considered successful, they were short-lived. The article investigates reasons for this. It also looks at the reasons for the demise of inter-war adult education provision at the BBC during the later 1930s.     

基于Web Services技术的精品课程网络资源整合研究

针对精品课程网络资源在分布式环境中的共享问题,提出运用Web Services技术来整合跨平台精品课程网络资源,利用Web Services来设计整合和搜寻机制,通过标准的接口实现应用系统的互操作,进而整合并共享各精品课程管理系统之间的优质资源.     

利用CRl提高英语听说交际能力

收听英语广播节目是学习英语的有效途径和提高听力理解能力的有效方法.本文分析讨论了在国内使用中国国际广播电台（CRI）广播节目进行英语教学较VOA、BBC所具有的优势,介绍了使用CRI“新闻与报道”节目进行英语听说教学的方法,指出使用CRI节目进行英语教学,是提高学习者“双向”跨文化交际能力的有效手段.     

Time to Get Off the Shelf: educational television and public libraries cooperation in continuing education

In recent years BBC Continuing Education and public libraries have established a successful policy of collaboration, with public libraries advising on local resources and acting as referral points and local back‐up agencies for educational broadcasts. This paper summarises a joint BBC Educational Broadcasting Services and Cheshire Libraries project, started during autumn 1981, designed to encourage the process of linking educational broadcasting, public libraries and the community. The project's main aims were to see how the library service might increase involvement with the work of BBC Continuing Education, thereby becoming a more effective partner in developing interest in Adult Education, and to explore how a public library might operate as a multi‐media resource centre for the public in relation to educational broadcasting.     

The Domesday Project‐‐an educational review

The BBC Domesday Project is publishing a national database on the United Kingdom on two interactive videodiscs which will be officially launched in November 1986. The two videodiscs contain national statistics, text and pictures on all aspects of British life, as well as information sent in by over 12,000 schools which took part in the Domesday Project during 1985. The organisation of the Schools Domesday Survey is described, the educational design and information content discussed, and the Domesday videodiscs assessed as an educational resource for schools     

网上教学实现的途径

电大远程开放教育已经走过6个年头,开放教育的主要教学形式是网络教学,但很多电大特别是县级电大还没有真正利用计算机网络开展教学。作者认为,网上教学的实现途径主要有两种:非交互式教学和交互式教学,其中非交互式教学要求电大在网上提供丰富的学习资源供学员浏览下载或点播;交互式教学可以分为实时的和非实的两种。     

浅议教育技术中的交互艺术

教育技术中的交互既要注重教学信息与学习者之间的有效传播,还要注意通过技术实现教学者与学习者或学习者与学习者之间的情感互动．良好的交互功能不只基于某一特定的信息内容或特定的技术来完成,还应通过加强交互环境的科学性、注意力保持的交互设计、布局与色衫的美规则、界面元素的均衡等方面来进行改善．交互技术在教学中的有效运用能在学习者与学刊者之间、学习者与教学者之间、学习者与学习资源之间营造和谐氛围．     

基于MATLAB的语音滤波实验设计

利用MATLAB的声音处理函数作为数据接口,并利用多媒体播放器作为交互界面,设计了一组语音信号滤波实验,目的在于通过对比滤波前后的语音效果来加深对数字信号处理的认识。     

“新工科”背景下工程机械类虚拟仿真实验教学资源建设

实验教学是“新工科”专业培养创新型人才的重要途径,针对工程机械专业传统实验教学方法存在的成本高、耗时长、效率低等问题,融合Web 3D技术和B/S网络机制构建了工程机械模拟操作、结构装配、液压原理及性能测试等虚拟仿真实验教学资源,建设了包含学生实验教学、企业职前培训、教师科研服务的网络共享平台,探索了虚拟仿真实验教学资...     

钢筋混凝土框架抗震鉴定与加固程序开发

现有结构的抗震鉴定采用两级鉴定法 ,设计人员往往根据粗略计算和经验进行加固 ,导致加固方案不安全或过于保守 .本文依据有关国家标准及专家经验 ,编制了钢筋混凝土框架抗震鉴定与加固计算机软件 .该软件具有“导航”功能 ,人机界面友好 .具有一般土建知识的用户即可通过使用该软件选用加大截面法、钢构套法或粘钢法对钢筋混凝土框架进行较准确、合理、快速的抗震加固设计 ,并节省大量的人力、物力和财力 .     

高职院校学生交互式移动学习调查与策略研究

随着“互联网+”时代的到来,交互式移动学习已在高职院校逐渐兴起,通过对江苏五所具有代表性的高职院校进行问卷调查发现,大部门学生对交互式移动学习均有初步了解,而且几乎人手必备移动多媒体设备,但将近一半的学生在使用该设备时依旧以娱乐为主。究其原因主要在于大部分学生缺乏自制力;在线学习资源资费较高以及移动学习平台建设有待完善等。为此,教育部门应该加强对高职教育的重视,提高对于交互式移动学习的宣传力度;高职院校要努力端正学生的学习态度,积极引导他们掌握有效的学习方法,投入更多的经费和精力来加强移动学习资源和平台的建设。     

"123"教学模式的构建与实践

构建适合现代远程开放教育条件的、具有本土化特色教学模式,是人才培养模式改革和开放教育试点重点和核心内容.湖南电大在全力打造基于网络的学习平台和建设、整合多种媒体教学资源,积极为学生个别化自主学习提供技术和教学资源保障的同时,积极开展现代远程开放教育教学模式改革的研究与实践,在实践中不断丰富以学生为主体的教学模式内涵,逐步形成了以学生自主学习为中心,利用网络学习平台和多种媒体教学资源为基础,通过教师的引导、辅导、督导,实现学与教多元互动的教学模式.并在试点教学的实践中得到了积极的推广,取得了良好的效果.