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This paper describes the composition of the migrant worker population in the countries of Western Europe. It traces developments in government policies regarding control and stabilization of immigration, provision for education and granting of political rights. The current international recession and the freeze on immigration might provide a much-needed breathing space for re-thinking policies that affect the personal, educational and vocational futures of large numbers of human beings.  相似文献   

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Recent theory, research, and teaching in written composition indicate an important shift away from viewing the text as a static product, toward investigating the process of writing and the interaction of writer and reader to create meaning in the text. Studies of the writing process, theories and pedagogies of invention, style, and arrangement, and efforts to expand writing instruction beyond traditional courses and disciplines all reflect the current extension in composition toward more comprehensive rhetorical concerns. This survey describes these recent developments in the field of written composition.  相似文献   

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This article compares the results of two surveys sent to New Jersey science supervisors in 1978 and 1982 regarding the status of secondary science education in their schools. It discusses trends that have developed during the four-year period and compares them to national trends revealed in recent studies. The comparison shows that New Jersey faces many of the same problems in science education found across the country. Instruction time in science, double laboratory periods, and the use of national curriculum studies have all declined. Respondents also reported a marked increase in the number of science teachers leaving the classroom for jobs in business and industry. The recruiting of qualified teachers was a difficult task and over 9% of the public schools reported having to use teachers with emergency certification in science to meet their staffing requirements. Difficulties in using staff effectively, in obtaining adequate financial support, and in providing professional development programs were the major concerns of science supervisors.  相似文献   

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改进教学方法是提高教学质量的一个重要环节,本文阐述了世界各国教学方法的改革走势,以资借鉴.  相似文献   

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Teaching and learning in higher education: Recent trends   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
In the last decade, the questioning of traditional teaching and learning methods and instructional systems and the search for more effective alternatives have gained momentum in higher education. Recent trends can be grouped as follows:
–  -facilitation of student learning with an emphasis on individualizing instruction, and increased use of multi-media systems, learning resource centers, and peer teaching;
–  -evaluation of teaching: the widespread and systematic use of student evaluations by means of questionnaires and greater use of these data for purposes of faculty selection and promotion;
–  -university-teacher training including the creation of pedagogical service units on many campuses, courses and workshops on instruction for faculty and graduate students, and increased collaboration between content specialists and instructional and media consultants in curricular reforms;
–  -new systems of higher education, such as the Open University or the University Without Walls, designed to offer radical alternatives to new as well as traditional types of students.
These trends, which have been accompanied by intense research and evaluation efforts, will be described and assessed.  相似文献   

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The growth in numbers of Business Masters higher degrees in the United Kingdom is examined. Numbers are analysed by sex, by first destination in the home employment market and by whether the student is sponsored by his or her employer or not. Reasons for differences in trends in these several groups are considered, and their implications for the future development of the MBA market discussed.  相似文献   

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