新一轮太阳活动周期到来

美国国家海洋大气局日前宣布，太阳黑子活动显示，新一轮为期11年的太阳活动周期已经到来，新周期内的第一个太阳黑子出现在太阳的北半球。而随着太阳黑子活动加剧，太阳风暴将在未来数年逐年增加，届时全球的电力系统，军用、民用航空通信，全球定位系统信号，甚至手机和银行自动取款机都可能受到干扰。该太阳黑子被编号为10981，是最新的可见黑子。     

变化中的太阳——当今全球环境变暖是否与太阳活动变化有关?

太阳活动周期对于躺在沙滩上或白天散步的人而言,光辉的太阳似乎是恒定而不变化的。然而,太阳实际上是一颗变化着的恒星。众所周知,太阳黑子活动是有周期性变化的。天文学家根据近300年来的记载,发现太阳黑子活动有11年的周期,包括黑子的大小、数量和位置的变化,因此,他们     

新一轮的太阳活动周期到来

美国国家海洋大气局目前宣布,太阳黑子活动显示,新一轮为期11年的太阳活动周期已经到来,新周期内的第一个太阳黑子出现在太阳的北半球。而随着太阳黑子活动加剧,太阳风暴将在未来数年逐年增加,届时全球的电力系统,军用、民用航空通信,全球定位系统信号,甚至手机和银行自动取款机都可能受到干扰。该太阳黑子被编号为10981,是最新的可见黑子。     

太阳

太阳是太阳系的恒星,是一颗白热的火球,是太阳系的主宰,也是所有太阳系行星光和热的来源。太阳巨大的质量产生的引力,牵引各行星环绕它运转。构造:太阳的中心是内核,表面称光球,光球之上的稀薄气体为色球,从色球喷出的明亮云气称为日珥,向外伸至太阳的最边缘区域称为日冕。太阳黑子:太阳表面上的暗色黑点称为太阳黑子,是太阳表面的低温气体区。日食:日食是由于月球运行到太阳和地球之间,遮住太阳光而形成的天文现象。太阳@笑云     

似日恒星的黑子活动周期

似日恒星的黑子活动周期太阳附近有一颗恒星，长期以来一直被认为与太阳很相似；而最近加拿大和美国天文学家获得的初步证据说明这颗恒星也许比人们想象的更像太阳。他们发现这颗ＴａｕＣｅｔｉ恒星象太阳黑子一样，也有一个１１年周期，在这期间恒星黑子数也有盛衰的交替...     

太阳黑子观测方法与黑子峰年地球环境的响应

太阳黑子活动已进入第23号11年周期。2000年是太阳黑子活动峰年,开展太阳黑子观测取得连续、翔实的第一手数据,对探讨地球环境对黑子峰年的响应有重要意义。同时,对促进学科教学理论研究、培养学生的实践能力有重要作用。     

科学家发现太阳黑子是湿的

科学家发现太阳黑子是湿的英国、加拿大和美国科学家联合发现太阳黑子中含有大量水蒸气，从而首次发现太阳黑子是湿的．通常太阳表面的温度达５５００摄氏度，当其表面部分区域温度下降到３０００摄氏度左右时，这一区域就比周围区域暗，形成太阳黑子．科学家早就发现太阳...     

太阳在发怒

千万不要被太阳那圆乎乎黄橙橙的可爱外表给迷惑了。实际上，它的脾气可大了!从2008年开始，一股无名之火在它心中翻腾——美国国家海洋大气局早在2008年一月份就报告说．他们观察到了太阳活动新周期内的第一个太阳黑子．并将其编号为10981，它位于太阳的北半球。     

太阳黑子周期与金融市场漫谈

有关太阳黑子与全球股市的关系,有人作过研究,努力将太阳黑子周期的峰谷与股市的峰谷一一对应,但事实上很难成功。虽然有时可以依据太阳黑子周期准确地预测股市的顶部,但很多时候并非如此。由于太阳是地球上生物赖以生存的根基,因此太阳的变化无疑对股市有所影响,然而笔者以为这种影响是间接的。     

北京市中学生网上天文知识竞赛试题

Part1选择题(每题1分,共40分)1.离地球最近的行星是:A.金星B.水星C.火星2.太阳系中质量最大的行星是:A.火星B.土星C.木星D.天王星3.太阳系中自转最快的行星是:A.木星B.土星C.天王星D.海王星4.太阳系中自转最慢的行星是:A.水星B.金星C.地球D.火星5.太阳黑子位于太阳大气的:A.光球层B.色球层C.日冕D.对流层6.太阳耀斑位于太阳大气的:A.光球层B.色球层C.日冕D.对流层7.太阳的能量来自于:A.化合反应B.分解反应C.核聚变D.核裂变8.太阳系行星中,在地球上看起来最明亮的是:A.水星B.金星C.火星D.木星9.下列卫星中,哪一个的自转周期与公…     

Starspot periodicity and magnitude can be used to search for extrasolar planets

The fortnightly periodicity and other patterns of the seismic activities on the earth suggest that lunar and solar pulls are fundamental factors underlying earthquakes. The time lag in the decelerations of large mass relative to small mass after solar and lunar accelerations builds up strain which eventually results in earthquakes. Similarly, the sunspot cycle of about 11 years corresponds to the Jupiter's revolution to the perihelion.The butterfly phenomena of sunspot corroborate such a scenario.Therefore short sunspot cycles can be harnessed to search for earth-like planets.     

Short Report： Cyclic patterns of incidence rate for skin malignant melanoma： association with heliogeophysical activity

Background: Our previous studies revealed cyclicity in the incidence rate of skin malignant melanoma (SMM; ICD9, Dx: 172) in the Czech Republic (period T=7.50～7.63 years), UK (T=11.00 years) and Bulgaria (T=12.20 years). Incidences com-pared with the sunspot index Rz (lag-period dT= 2, 4, 6, 10 or 12 years) have indicated that maximal rates are most likely to appear on descending slopes of the 11-year solar cycle, i.e., out of phase. We summarized and explored more deeply these cyclic variations and discussed their possible associations with heliogeophysical activity (HGA) components exhibiting similar cyclicity. Methods: Annual incidences of SMM from 5 countries (Czech Republic, UK, Bulgaria, USA and Canada) over various time spans during the years 1964～1992 were analyzed and their correlations with cyclic Rz (sunspot number) and aa (planetary geomagnetic activity) indices were summarized. Periodogram regression analysis with trigonometric approximation and phase-correlation analysis were applied. Results: Previous findings on SMM for the Czech Republic, UK and Bulgaria have been validated, and cyclic patterns have been revealed for USA (T=8.63 years, P<0.05) and Canada (Ontario, T=9.91 years, P<0.10). Also, various 'hypercycles' were established (T=45.5, 42.0, 48.25, 34.5 and 26.5 years, respectively) describing long-term cyclic incidence patterns. The association of SMM for USA and Canada with Rz (dT= 6 and 7 years, respectively) and aa (dT=-10 and 9 years, respectively) was described. Possible interactions of cyclic non-photic influences (UV irradiation, Schumann resonance signal, low-frequency geomagnetic fluctuations) with brain waves absorbance, neuronal calcium dynamics, neuro-endocrine axis modulation, melatonin/serotonin disbalance and skin neuro-immunity impairment as likely causal pathways in melanoma appearance, were also discussed. Conclusion: The above findings on cyclicity and temporal association of SMM with cyclic environmental factors could not only allow for better forecasting models but also lead to a better understanding of melanoma aetiology.     

热阻和回热损失对太阳能驱动的埃里克森热性能的影响

中建立太阳能驱劝的埃里克森热机系统的一般循环模型，探讨回热损失的内不可逆性因素对其循环效率和集热器最佳工作温度的影响，导出系统的最大效率和太阳能集热器的最佳工作温度，所得的结论对此类循环的研究提供新的理论依据。     

Life cycle cost analysis of new FRP based solar parabolic trough collector hot water generation system

Parabolic trough collectors （PTCs） are employed for a variety of applications including steam generation and hot water generation. This paper deals with the experimental results and an economic analysis of a new fibre reinforced plastic （FRP） based solar PTC with an embedded electronic controlled tracking system designed and developed for hot water generation in a restaurant in Madurai, India. The new collector performance has been tested according to ASHRAE Standard 93 （1986）. The performance of a new PTC hot water generation system with a well mixed hot water storage tank is investigated by a series of extensive tests over ten months period. The average maximum storage tank water temperature observed was 74.91℃, when no energy is withdrawn from the tank to the load during the collection period. The total cost of the new economic FRP based solar PTC for hot water generation with an embedded electronic controlled tracking system is Rs. 25000 （US$ 573） only. In the present work, life cycle savings （LCS） method is employed for a detailed economic analysis of the PTC system. A computer program is used as a tool for the economic analysis. The present worth of life cycle solar savings is evaluated for the new solar PTC hot water generation system that replaces an existing electric water heating system in the restaurant and attains a value of Rs. 23171.66 after 15 years, which is a significant saving. The LCS method and the MATLAB computer simulation program presented in this paper can be used to estimate the LCS of other renewable energy systems.     

黄河三角洲旱涝灾害与太阳黑子的相关性

根据黄河三角洲滨州站1922~2009年的年降水资料,用Z指数法分析了黄河三角洲旱涝等级及其随时间的变化,然后采用频率分析法分析了太阳黑子极值年附近的旱涝特征,并运用Morlet连续复小波变换对降水Z指数的时间序列进行周期性分析.结果表明,黄河三角洲在太阳黑子m年附近易发生洪涝灾害,而在太阳黑子M年附近则易发生旱灾;受多方面因素的影响,黄河三角洲旱涝指数存在3~7年,8~12年,13~24年,25~40年的周期性波动.     

苏元春担任提督时间考

清代晚期著名将领苏元春一生戎马倥偬,在其40余年的军旅生涯中,担任广西提督(包括署理)时间长达20年,但其于何时担任此官职,有关材料大多语焉不详。本文作者详考清史档案材料,得出这样的结论:苏元春担任广西提督的任命时间为光绪十一年五月二十九日(阳历1885年7月11日),但正式上任是近两个月后的七月二十四日。     

中国经济周期的特征分析(1953-2011)

1953年以来,我国一共经历了11个完整的周期波动,第12次周期自2010年开始尚正在进行中,主要以4-5年期的短期波动为主,而5年以上的周期波动较少。虽然改革以来我国经济增长的稳定程度不断增强,平均增长水平不断提高,但高速增长背后收缩期也在延长。     

Expanded Koppitz scoring system of the bender gestalt visual-motor test for adolescents: A pilot study

The current research represented a pilot study to assess the use of the Bender Gestalt Visual-Motor Test with school-age adolescents over 11 years of age. Research regarding the accuracy of the hypothesis that visual-motor integration functioning is normally intact by age 11 was presented. In addition, initial data to extend the Koppitz scoring system of the Bender for ages 11 years, 6 months through 15 years, 11 months was proposed. Mean error scores from the pilot study suggested that visual-motor development is not maturationally complete by age 11 years, 11 months. Additional research focusing on extending the normative sample or developing a new scoring system for adolescents is suggested.     

Numerical study of PV/T-SAHP system

In order to utilize solar energy effectively and to achieve a higher electrical efficiency by limiting the operating temperature of the photovoltaic （PV） panel, a novel photovoltaic/thermal solar-assisted heat pump （PV/T-SAHP） system was proposed and constructed. The hybrid solar system generates electricity and thermal energy simultaneously. A distributed parameters model of the PWT-SAHP system was developed and applied to analyze the system dynamic performance in terms of PV action, photothermal action and Rankine cycle processes. The simulation results indicated that the coefficient of performance （COP） of the proposed PV/T-SAHP can be much better than that of the conventional heat pump. Both PV-efficiency and photothermic efficiency have been improved considerably. The results also showed that the performance of this PV/T-SAHP system was strongly influenced by the evaporator area, tube pitch and tilt angle of the PV/T evaporator, which are the key factors in PV/T-SAHP system optimization and PV/T evaporator design.     

《天历》与中西文化

《天历》的阳历部分不是来自西方，而仍是中国传统历法。但西历对《天历》的制定有重要影响：如西历的简单、易记促使太平天国采用纯阳历，《天历》的礼拜之期与西历密切相关，西历所用的纪年体系对《天历》采用太平天国国号纪年有重要影响，《天历》之所以采取纯阳历的形式有其意识形态方面的需要。