数字通信中空间分集均衡技术仿真研究

在数字通信中，信道的多径传播和衰落特性常在接收端引起码间干扰（ISI）并降低信噪比，严重影响了通信质量。本文研究了空间分集与盲均衡相结合的空间分集均衡技术（SDE），提出了一种基于等增益合并和判决反馈盲均衡的空间分集均衡算法，以克服码间干扰并消除衰落对通信系统所带来的不利影响。通过计算机仿真对空间分集均衡算法和传统盲均衡算法的性能进行了对比，结果表明空间分集均衡技术优于传统的盲均衡技术，提高了数字通信性能。     

基于压缩感知的短波多天线分集合并接收方法

在短波通信中,为了克服信道中的多径干扰、衰落和多普勒频移等对接收信号的影响,实现低信噪比下,信号高速传输,文章提出了一种基于压缩感知的短波多天线分集合并接收系统设计方法。该系统有效地将OFDM调制方式和压缩感知相结合,充分利用了OFDM调制方式频谱效率高、抗多径衰落能力强等优势以及压缩感知抗干扰能力强、能以低采样率高精度重建待测信号的特性。实验结果表明:与现有的短波通信系统相比,在信号受强噪声干扰且高速传输的情况下,重建性能最优。     

基于PTRM与DS技术通信均衡性能研究

传统的声通信信道中由于伴随着多径扩展,从而使得对通信信号的接收产生了严重的时间展开,以至于信道中出现码间干扰。提出基于被动时间反转镜PTRM和直扩DS系统的信道均衡处理和通信系统构建方法。通过PTRM技术实现对信道的有效估计,调整通信信息传输中接收阵元的多径分量,探测信号对水声信道进行估计,结合DS系统具有较强的抗多径干扰的能力,构建了PTRM直扩通信系统。仿真结果表明:PTRM与DS结合使用的均衡效果,比单纯使用DS或PTRM要好,DS可以有效地消除PTRM处理后残余的码间干扰,使均衡效果近似理想水平,误码率在同等条件下比单纯使用DS技术或PTRM技术通信误码率降低了11%~40%,误码率可达为0。     

MIMO系统均衡技术研究综述

MIMO是一种革命性的天线技术,不仅可以利用MIMO信道提供的空间复用增益提高信道的容量,同时还可以提高信道的可靠性,降低误码率。MIMO系统的传输环境是移动的多径衰落环境,因此接收端必须消除接收信号的符号间干扰和通道间干扰。实现这个目的而采用的均衡技术有两类:训练方法和盲方法。较早采用的方法是基于训练序列方法,这种方法的缺点是要消耗大量的传输带宽。而现在的不需要训练序列的盲方法对信号结构或者噪声特性等有特殊的要求。对几种MIMO空时均衡技术进行了分析比较,指出了每种均衡技术的特点,提出了研究新的MIMO均衡技术的发展方向。     

协同分集技术在无线网络通信领域中的研究

多用户协同实现空间分集技术可以解决多径传输对信道引起的衰落影响。本文对放大前传协同分集技术、解码前传协同分集技术、编码前传协同分集技术进行了优缺点对比研究,并对这3种协同分集技术进行了性能分析。     

WCDMA系统发射分集技术研究

发射分集技术是提高WCDMA通信系统中的下行链路容量和抗多径衰落干扰能力的有效技术,它利用发射天线空间分隔以获得相互独立的衰落信号的发射和接收,改善系统性能。本文介绍了WCD-MA系统中的开环和闭环两类发射分集技术,并对它们进行了分析和比较。     

WCDMA系统中的发射分集技术

发射分集技术是提高WCDMA通信系统中的下行链路容量和抗多径衰落干扰能力的有效技术,它利用发射天线空间分隔以获得相互独立的衰落信号的发射和接收,改善系统性能。本文介绍了WCDMA系统中的开环和闭环两类发射分集技术,并对它们进行了分析和比较。     

宽带移动通信BPSK调频信号冲激响应增强算法

宽带移动通信信道处于微多径条件下由于带宽受限和多径传播导致的码间干扰使信号发生畸变,需要进行BPSK调制,增强冲激响应。在移动通信系统微多径条件下,提出一种宽带移动通信BPSK调频信号冲激响应增强算法,设计极大似然判决反馈均衡的宽带移动通信信号前馈调制算法,设计多径条件下宽带移动通信信道模型与最优接收机,得到多径条件下时延扩展与信道特性测量模型,在输入端周期性地发送超过信道脉冲响应长度的数据训练序列,基于极大似然准则进行BPSK调频信号调制,跟踪信道变化的能力,实现微多径条件下宽带移动通信的前馈调制。结果表明,算法能使波达方向角的相关峰值增强,调制特性更为稳健,输出信道冲激响应有较好的增益,增强带宽,提高了通信质量,展示了算法在移动通信信道改善方面的应用价值。     

固有源特性的弹性波多径分离与分集接收的研究

本文主要研究了当源特性固有时,根据弹性波在地层中的传播特性,选取了路径分集技术对弹性波多径信号进行分集接收、最大比合并技术进行合并处理,然后设计了基于路径分集及最大比合并技术的RAKE接收机并进行了仿真,结果表明,利用RAKE接收技术,选取三路多径信号能明显提高弹性波接收信号的信噪比,从而改善系统的通信质量。     

GEO卫星通信中空时协同性能分析

GEO卫星通信的用户下行链路为典型的衰落信道,经卫星转发的信号如果经历大尺度衰落,则用户端接收到的信号将产生大范围失真。该文针对GEO卫星通信的特点,为了提高GEO卫星系统的通信性能,考虑将空时协同技术引入到GEO卫星通信中。并仿真分析了在不同信道环境下,使用不同分集方案时GEO卫星通信系统性能,结果显示使用空时协同技术后,系统的可靠性有明显提高。     

Students' Reactions to the Introduction of Videoconferencing for Classroom Instruction

This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors.     

Cooler temperatures inductive to locust outbreaks

Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007.     

Exploring Multiplexity: Social Network Structures in a Computer-Supported Distance Learning Class

A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction.     

The Role of Intermediating Institutions in the Diffusion of Electronic Data Interchange (EDI): How Industry Associations Intervened in Denmark, Finland, and Hong Kong

Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies.     

How Electronic Publishers are Protecting Against Piracy: Doubts About Technical Systems of Protection

The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means.     

Rough Justice: A Statistical Assessment of ICANN's Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy

Long-standing conflict between domain name registrants and trademark holders prompted the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) to create a global, mandatory arbitration procedure known as the Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy (UDRP). The UDRP has been used in 2166 cases involving 3938 domain names as of 1 November 2000. The policy gives the initiator of a complaint, generally a trademark holder, the right to choose which ICANN-accredited dispute resolution service provider (RSP) will handle the case. During the preparation of the UDRP,some feared that complainant selection would lead to "forum shopping" that might bias the results. This article performs a statistical assessment of the forum-shopping thesis and finds support for it. There are statistically significant differences in the various RSPs' propensity to take away names from defendants; there are also major differences in the number of cases brought to each RSP. RSPs who take away names have the larger share of cases. The study examines other variables that might explain differences in market share, such as price, the plaintiff's nationality, or the time taken to decide a case. It finds that nationality and time also are correlated with market share. The study concludes that shopping for a favorable outcome is an important factor in the UDRP.     

Prevalence of soft neurological signs in Chinese people

Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen, a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology, has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology.     

Monoculture Rubber Plantations Have Negative Ef ects on Controlling Splash Erosion

<正>In Xishuangbanna,one of China’s most biodiverse regions,landscape has changed dramatically during the past three decades due to the conversion of tropical rainforest to rubber plantations.In steep areas,terraces are often constructed before planting rubber trees,which causes two important changes in the soil:the destabilization of soil in the bench terraces and the increased vulnerability of unvegetated riser faces to erosion.Few studies have documented the nature and intensity of erosion on bench terraces.Prof.LIU Wenjie and his colleagues from the Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden(XTBG)conducted a study in Menglun County(21°5′39″N,101°15′55″E),Xishuangbanna to evaluate the influence     

Chinese Scientists Use Earth Observation Technologies to Study and Protect Wild Camels

<正>Chinese scientists plan to apply Earth Observation technologies to protect the critically endangered wild camels(Camelus ferus).With the help of remote sensing,satellite positioning,geographical information system and wireless sensors networks,they will be able to access the distribution and population of the wild camels and protect their habitats.The project will be carried out by the International Research Center for Wild Camel Conservation,which was jointly established earlier this year by the Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth(RADI)of the Chinese     

More than Skin Deep – Understand Skin Biology by Means of Dermatogenomics

<正>The Paul Gerson Unna Research Group on Dermatogenomics was founded in October 2012 at the Partner Institute for Computational Biology.The ultimate goal of the group is to understand the biology of skin and skin appendages.