三联疗法治疗扁平苔藓28例

目的 :观察应用强的松、反应停、氨苯砜 (DDS)三联药物疗法治疗扁平苔藓 (LP)的疗效 .方法 :经组织病理或免疫病理确诊为扁平苔藓 2 8例 ,治疗前两周未使用过任何内服或外用药物 .三联疗法 :强的松 15mg、qd× 8周 ;反应停 2 5mg、tid× 8周 ;DDS 2 5mg、tid× 8周 .结果 :联合应用上述药物治疗本组患者 ,服药 8周 ,皮疹及症状逐渐减轻或基本消失 .经一疗程治疗后 ,基本治愈 9例 (3 2 1% )、有效 18例 (64 2 % )、无效 1例 (3 57% ) ,总有效率96 4% .结论 :LP是较慢性的疾病 ,临床治疗十分困难 .三联疗法不失为一种能短期内控制症状及皮疹的有效治疗手段     

非淋菌性尿道炎的病原检查研究及单独由衣原体感染者的疗效观察

目的：了解非淋菌性尿道炎(NGU)患者的沙眼衣原体(Ct)、解脲支原体(Uu)、人型支原体(Mh)的感染情况；同时观察强力霉素治疗单独由Ct感染引起的NGU的疗效。方法：Ct采用抗原快速检测法，Uu与Mh的检查采用培养法；给Ct引起的NGU患者口服强力霉素200mg2次／日共14天进行治疗。结果：lll4例被检者，Ct抗原阳性者238例(21．36％)，Uu培养阳性者368例(33．03％)，Mh培养阳性者109例(9．78％)，其中有130例(11．67％)为混合感染；强力霉素治疗Ct引起的NGU有效率达97．25％。结论：对拟诊为NGU患者应作多种病原体的检测，阳性者及时进行规范化治疗，是防治NGU的有效措施。     

口腔扁平苔藓上皮组织P27表达的研究

目的：通过研究口腔扁平苔藓（Oral Lichen Planus,OLP）患者口腔黏膜上皮P^27蛋白的表达的变化,探讨OLP发病的机理。方法：用免疫组化SABC法检测30例OLP患者及20例正常对照者口腔P刀蛋白在两组上皮中的分布和表达。结果：OLP组与正常组凋亡细胞阳性表达率分别为5．63±2．74及5．61±1．82,t=0．0407,P〉0．05无统计学意义。结论：P^27蛋白与OLP的发病无关。     

MRCP在梗阻性黄疸中的应用(附52例分析)

目的：探讨磁共振胆胰道成像(MRCP)在梗阻性黄疸中的鉴别诊断的应用．方法：对52例梗阻性黄疸病例进行分析，对比MRCP与其它检查(B超、CT)的优劣性．结果：在施行手术的48例患者中手术结果与术前MRCP诊断相符，准确率100％，而B超、CT准确率为78．8％．结论：①MRCP对阻塞性黄疸可以做出简便、快速、安全、可靠的定性、定位诊断；②为非侵入性检查方法，几乎没有禁忌证；③MRCP能全程显示胆总管下段及乳头处的病变：④MRCP对再次或多次胆道术后及已行胆肠吻合的病例亦能清楚显示胆管树图像．     

小学数学教学要重视学生习惯的培养

目的:利用双向荧光差异凝胶电泳-质谱分析技术,研究广东省原住口腔扁平苔藓患者非刺激全唾液蛋白丰度变化。方法:选取本院2016年1-12月收治的15例口腔扁平苔藓患者为研究组,15例正常者为对照组,收集两组患者的唾液,提取唾液的总蛋白,通过双向荧光差异凝胶电泳分离蛋白质,荧光扫描寻找差异蛋白质,利用质谱分析技术对差异蛋白质进行分析。结果:SDS-PAGE显示所有样品的蛋白条带清晰,无空缺条带,无明显蛋白丢失现象。经2-D DIGE分离检测,两组唾液蛋白样品的总蛋白整体分布相似,重复性较好,研究组与对照组平均唾液蛋白质点数分别为(1596±207)个和(1603±164)个。质谱分析鉴定两组唾液蛋白存在五个差异比较明显的蛋白质,即分泌性IgA、锌α2糖蛋白、碳酸酐酶6、唾液淀粉酶和血清白蛋白,且研究组唾液蛋白中分泌性IgA表达下调,其余四种差异蛋白均表达上调(P<0.01)。结论:分泌性IgA、锌α2糖蛋白、碳酸酐酶6、唾液淀粉酶和血清白蛋白五种差异蛋白,可能与口腔扁平苔藓的发生及发展密切相关,可为今后的药物选择与治疗方案制定提供依据。     

1050例非淋菌性尿道炎患者性病病原体检测及支原体药敏分析

目的：了解支原体的流行及药物敏感情况，方法：采用1050例患者的泌尿生殖道分泌物行支原体培养和药敏，沙眼衣原体采用抗原快速检测法，结果：支原体培养阳性者356例（33．9％），uu感染246例（23．4％），显著高于Mh感染30例（2．8％）和uu Mh混合感染80例（7．6％），P＜0．005。在356例支原体培养阳性患者合并CT感染者45例（12．6％），在测定10种抗生素中，对支原体敏感度较高的3种抗生素依次为交沙霉素、强力霉素、美满霉素，其敏感度分别为80．3％，70．2％，60．7％，而支原体耐药率较高的3种抗生素依次为氧氟沙星，四环素，红霉素，耐药率分别为70．2％、55％、43％，作者对上述病例不同性别，年龄的支原体感染，合并感染有对药敏效果进行了分析与讨论。     

TCT、阴道镜在宫颈肿瘤筛查中的价值探讨

目的：探讨宫颈肿瘤筛查中液基细胞学检查（TCT）、阴道镜下活检联合应用的临床价值。方法：收集2002．12-2005．10月间张家口市及周边地区9250例已婚妇女进行常规细胞学检查，可疑宫颈病变3536例患者行液基细胞学检查，阴道镜检查及病理组织学检查。结果：液基细胞学筛查检出阳性涂片212例，占82．2％（212／258），其中不典型鳞状上皮细胞（ASCUS）占15．1％（32／212），鳞状上皮内低度病变（LAIL）占65．6％（144／212）；鳞状上皮内高度病变（HSIL）占79．8％（14／16），鳞状细胞癌（SCC）占100％（22／22）。阴道镜检查阳性例数为242例，占总数的93．8％（242／258）；经病理确诊为CIN及浸润癌者共197例，占TCT异常者92．9％（197／212），占阴道镜异常图象81.6％（197／242）。年龄分布上，以28～35岁发病者所占比例最大（48．5％）。结论：在宫颈病变的早期筛查中TCT联合阴道镜下活检具有重要的临床意义。     

罕见的慢淋伴Ph1阳性、bcr/abl融合基因阳性

临床上，Ph^1阳性、bcr／abl阳性见于慢性粒细胞白血病的病人．本病例则在外周血淋巴细胞绝对值、骨髓淋巴细胞形态和数值异常、免疫学B细胞表型的高表达以及临床表现等方面均符合慢性淋巴B细胞型白血病诊断的病人，染色体检查发现细胞Ph染色体阳性，即t(9；22)，经RT-PCR检测，bcr／abl融合基因转录本阳性．     

P_(53)、PCNA在胃粘膜中的表达及其与胃癌发生的关系

目的为探讨P_(53)、PCNA抗原在胃粘膜中的表达情况及其与胃癌发生的关系方法：应用LsAB免疫织化方法对80例胃粘膜进行了检测结果显了胃癌中P_(53)、PCNA强阳性表达率（80％、93．3％）明显高于异型增生（467％,53．3％）异型增生中P_(53)、PCNA强阳性表达率明显高于慢性萎缩性胃炎及慢性浅表性胃炎．结论研究结果表明,检测P_(53)、PCNA在肖粘膜中的不同表达,对胃癌发生机理的认识有重要意义．     

乳腺肿块针吸细胞学检查的诊断价值——(附208例报告)

本文报告对208例乳腺肿块病人术前行细针穿刺抽吸细胞学检查。结果159例病人针吸细胞学诊断阳性,49例诊断为阴性(其中假阴性15例),无假阳性针吸细胞学诊断。全组病人均予以相应的手术治疗,针吸细胞学结果与术后病理组织学诊断对照其符合率91.4％(159/174),其假阴性率为8.6％(15/174)。本文根据经验对针吸细胞学检查的应用,临床意义,其假阴性结果的原因分析,该检查对生存的影响等方面进行讨论,从而展示了针吸细胞学检查对乳腺肿块的诊断价值。     

脂蛋白(a)与脑梗塞的关系

目的研究脑梗塞患者血浆脂蛋白(a)水平.方法以酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)测定44例脑梗塞患者与38名健康人血浆脂蛋白(a)浓度.结果脑梗塞患者的脂蛋白(a)浓度显著高于正常健康人.结论血浆高脂蛋白(a)水平是脑梗塞的重要危险因素.     

Level of Abstraction as a Function of Modifer Load

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to ascertain the effects of Treatment TP (Prerequisite Principles) and Treatment TC (Conceptualization) on cognitive achievement of high school students varying in problem-solving ability. Treatment TP was designed according to Gagne’s hierarchy of learning, whereas Treatment TC was modified to include examples, analogies, mediators, cues, etc., to facilitate conceptualization. A sample of 80 high school students out of a group of 123. 33% with top problem-solving ability (PSA) scores and 33% with low PSA scores, was selected and randomly assigned to the two treatment groups. The scores on a final test of cognitive achievement served as the criterion measure (CM) of students’ achievement. A two-way ANOVA was used for analysis of the data.

Results indicated that students with high problem-solving ability (HPSA) scored significantly higher on CM than did students with low problem-solving ability (LPSA). No significant difference was found in the two treatments. However, pair-wise comparison indicated that HPSA and LPSA students in TC and HPSA students in TP scored significantly higher on CM than LPSA in TP. Results imply that more examples, analogies, cues, mediators, etc., to facilitate conceptualization should be designed for students with LPSA. And PSA tests should be employed for selecting students to reach higher cognitive achievement.     

Development of a test strip for rapid detection of lactoperoxidase in raw milk

Traditional methods for detecting lactoperoxidase (LP) are complex and time-consuming, so a test strip was made based on the enzymatic reaction principle to enable quick and convenient detection of LP in raw milk. In this study 0.1 mol/L citric acid (CA)/0.2 mol/L disodium hydrogen phosphate (NaP) buffer solution (pH 5.0), 22 mmol/L 3,3'',5,5''-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB), 0.6 mmol/L hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), and 0.5% Tween-20 or 0.3% cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) were optimal for preparing a quick, sensitive, and accurate LP test strip. The coefficient of variation (CV) of the estimated LP concentrations ranged from 2.47% to 6.72% and the minimum LP concentration detected by the test strip was 1–2 mg/L. Estimates of active LP in sixteen raw milk samples obtained using the test strip or the TMB method showed a good correlation (r=0.9776). So the test strip provides a quick, convenient, and accurate method for detecting the LP concentration of raw milk.     

A validation framework for science learning progression research

This article provides a validation framework for research on the development and use of science Learning Progressions (LPs). The framework describes how evidence from various sources can be used to establish an interpretive argument and a validity argument at five stages of LP research—development, scoring, generalisation, extrapolation, and use. The interpretation argument contains the interpretation (i.e. the LP and conclusions about students’ proficiency generated based on the LP) and the use of the LP. The validity argument specifies how the evidence from various sources supports the interpretation and the use of the LP. Examples from our prior and current research are used to illustrate the validation activities and analyses that can be conducted at each of the five stages. When conducting an LP study, researchers may use one or more validation activities or analyses that are theoretically necessary and practically applicable in their specific research contexts.     

A further study of productive failure in mathematical problem solving: unpacking the design components

This paper replicates and extends my earlier work on productive failure in mathematical problem solving (Kapur, doi:, 2009). One hundred and nine, seventh-grade mathematics students taught by the same teacher from a Singapore school experienced one of three learning designs: (a) traditional lecture and practice (LP), (b) productive failure (PF), where they solved complex problems in small groups without any instructional facilitation up until a teacher-led consolidation, or (c) facilitated complex problem solving (FCPS), which was the same as the PF condition except that students received instructional facilitation throughout their lessons. Despite seemingly failing in their collective and individual problem-solving efforts, PF students significantly outperformed their counterparts in the other two conditions on both the well-structured and higher-order application problems on the post-test, and demonstrated greater representation flexibility in working with graphical representations. The differences between the FCPS and LP conditions did not reach significance. Findings and implications of productive failure for theory, design of learning, and future research are discussed.     

Proteins induced by telomere dysfunction are associated with human IgA nephropathy

Aging is one of the contributing risk factors for kidney diseases. Accumulating evidence prompts the view that telomere length in kidney tissue cells is an indicator for organismal aging. Previously identified aging markers (cathelin-related antimicrobial peptide (CRAMP), stathmin, elongation factor-1α (EF-1α), and chitinase) were associated not only with telomere driven aging in mice but also with human aging and chronic diseases. This study focuses on the relationship between these biomarkers and IgA nephropathy (IgAN) progression in the Chinese population. For 260 individuals, the four markers are determined in blind datasets using direct enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and immunofluorescence staining. The expression levels of CRAMP and chitinase increased in blood plasma, urine, and kidney tissues during human IgAN progression. And for the other nephropathy, such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), diabetic nephropathy (DN), and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS), there is no protein upregulation with telomere shortening. Moreover, a combination of CRAMP and chitinase can distinguish patients with IgAN from healthy individuals with 88.2%/92.5% (plasma) and 74.3%/84.2% (urine) sensitivity/specificity. These data provide the experimental evidence that telomere shortening and related inflammatory proteins are associated with human IgAN, and it could be a new direction for the disease progression study.     

山西、陕西沿黄河地区汉语方言第三人称代词类型特征的地理分布与历史层次

山西、陕西沿黄河地区南段人称代词"他"读上声与"我"、"你"同调,存在类推牵引关系。中段"他"读阴平与"我"、"你"不同调,不存在类推牵引关系。北段阴平与上声单字调合流,"他"与"我"、"你"也不存在类推牵引关系。存在类推牵引关系的南段地区属中原官话。不存在类推牵引关系的中段、北段地区属晋语。本文依据近代文献及跨语言比较的资料,分析沿河地区第三人称代词的历史层次。     

Dimensions of Mathematics Mentoring in School‐based Initial Teacher Education

There have been significant advance in educational technology but they have not always brought about measurable shifts in user behavior. This study examined the relationship between teachers’ knowledge about a tool and their use of that tool. In many secondary schools use of a Learning Platforms (LPs) is no longer optional although the degree of engagement with the technology remains a matter of choice. However, individual decisions to use selected functionalities of these systems are not well captured in current models of technology acceptance. In a best-case scenario, self-reported possible and actual use of LPs was acquired for 50 teachers from eight technology-rich schools. Three key barriers to use were identified: the functionality of the software, workloads and personal interest. Based on teachers’ knowledge of LP functionality and perceived barriers to use, four distinct groups of teachers emerged. A low-user group identified all three barriers, showed little enthusiasm for use of this technology and had a markedly impoverished perception of the LP. There were three distinct higher use groups based on perceived barriers. While the functions used by these three groups showed less variation, with innovative functions such Blogs and Wikis remaining aspirational, there were differences in how such limitations were viewed. Whether the response was one of complacency and frustration has implications for professional development programmes.     

Surgical results of pars plana vitrectomy combined with phacoemulsification

INTRODUCTION Cataract is frequently associated with vitreo-retinal pathology such as vitreous hemorrhage,retinal detachment,proliferative vitreoretinal disease,espe-cially in patients with diabetes mellitus,ocular trauma and elderly population(Vatavuk and Pentz,2004;Vatavuk et al.,2005).The cataract can be removed together with vitrectomy or later on in a separate surgical procedure(Tyagi et al.,1998;Lam et al.,1998).The primary indication for the primary re-moval of cataract and vitrect…